rcu: Move RCU-related source code to kernel/rcu directory
[cascardo/linux.git] / kernel / rcutorture.c
diff --git a/kernel/rcutorture.c b/kernel/rcutorture.c
deleted file mode 100644 (file)
index be63101..0000000
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,2139 +0,0 @@
-/*
- * Read-Copy Update module-based torture test facility
- *
- * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
- * it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
- * the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or
- * (at your option) any later version.
- *
- * This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
- * but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
- * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
- * GNU General Public License for more details.
- *
- * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
- * along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software
- * Foundation, Inc., 59 Temple Place - Suite 330, Boston, MA 02111-1307, USA.
- *
- * Copyright (C) IBM Corporation, 2005, 2006
- *
- * Authors: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@us.ibm.com>
- *       Josh Triplett <josh@freedesktop.org>
- *
- * See also:  Documentation/RCU/torture.txt
- */
-#include <linux/types.h>
-#include <linux/kernel.h>
-#include <linux/init.h>
-#include <linux/module.h>
-#include <linux/kthread.h>
-#include <linux/err.h>
-#include <linux/spinlock.h>
-#include <linux/smp.h>
-#include <linux/rcupdate.h>
-#include <linux/interrupt.h>
-#include <linux/sched.h>
-#include <linux/atomic.h>
-#include <linux/bitops.h>
-#include <linux/completion.h>
-#include <linux/moduleparam.h>
-#include <linux/percpu.h>
-#include <linux/notifier.h>
-#include <linux/reboot.h>
-#include <linux/freezer.h>
-#include <linux/cpu.h>
-#include <linux/delay.h>
-#include <linux/stat.h>
-#include <linux/srcu.h>
-#include <linux/slab.h>
-#include <linux/trace_clock.h>
-#include <asm/byteorder.h>
-
-MODULE_LICENSE("GPL");
-MODULE_AUTHOR("Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@us.ibm.com> and Josh Triplett <josh@freedesktop.org>");
-
-static int fqs_duration;
-module_param(fqs_duration, int, 0444);
-MODULE_PARM_DESC(fqs_duration, "Duration of fqs bursts (us), 0 to disable");
-static int fqs_holdoff;
-module_param(fqs_holdoff, int, 0444);
-MODULE_PARM_DESC(fqs_holdoff, "Holdoff time within fqs bursts (us)");
-static int fqs_stutter = 3;
-module_param(fqs_stutter, int, 0444);
-MODULE_PARM_DESC(fqs_stutter, "Wait time between fqs bursts (s)");
-static bool gp_exp;
-module_param(gp_exp, bool, 0444);
-MODULE_PARM_DESC(gp_exp, "Use expedited GP wait primitives");
-static bool gp_normal;
-module_param(gp_normal, bool, 0444);
-MODULE_PARM_DESC(gp_normal, "Use normal (non-expedited) GP wait primitives");
-static int irqreader = 1;
-module_param(irqreader, int, 0444);
-MODULE_PARM_DESC(irqreader, "Allow RCU readers from irq handlers");
-static int n_barrier_cbs;
-module_param(n_barrier_cbs, int, 0444);
-MODULE_PARM_DESC(n_barrier_cbs, "# of callbacks/kthreads for barrier testing");
-static int nfakewriters = 4;
-module_param(nfakewriters, int, 0444);
-MODULE_PARM_DESC(nfakewriters, "Number of RCU fake writer threads");
-static int nreaders = -1;
-module_param(nreaders, int, 0444);
-MODULE_PARM_DESC(nreaders, "Number of RCU reader threads");
-static int object_debug;
-module_param(object_debug, int, 0444);
-MODULE_PARM_DESC(object_debug, "Enable debug-object double call_rcu() testing");
-static int onoff_holdoff;
-module_param(onoff_holdoff, int, 0444);
-MODULE_PARM_DESC(onoff_holdoff, "Time after boot before CPU hotplugs (s)");
-static int onoff_interval;
-module_param(onoff_interval, int, 0444);
-MODULE_PARM_DESC(onoff_interval, "Time between CPU hotplugs (s), 0=disable");
-static int shuffle_interval = 3;
-module_param(shuffle_interval, int, 0444);
-MODULE_PARM_DESC(shuffle_interval, "Number of seconds between shuffles");
-static int shutdown_secs;
-module_param(shutdown_secs, int, 0444);
-MODULE_PARM_DESC(shutdown_secs, "Shutdown time (s), <= zero to disable.");
-static int stall_cpu;
-module_param(stall_cpu, int, 0444);
-MODULE_PARM_DESC(stall_cpu, "Stall duration (s), zero to disable.");
-static int stall_cpu_holdoff = 10;
-module_param(stall_cpu_holdoff, int, 0444);
-MODULE_PARM_DESC(stall_cpu_holdoff, "Time to wait before starting stall (s).");
-static int stat_interval = 60;
-module_param(stat_interval, int, 0644);
-MODULE_PARM_DESC(stat_interval, "Number of seconds between stats printk()s");
-static int stutter = 5;
-module_param(stutter, int, 0444);
-MODULE_PARM_DESC(stutter, "Number of seconds to run/halt test");
-static int test_boost = 1;
-module_param(test_boost, int, 0444);
-MODULE_PARM_DESC(test_boost, "Test RCU prio boost: 0=no, 1=maybe, 2=yes.");
-static int test_boost_duration = 4;
-module_param(test_boost_duration, int, 0444);
-MODULE_PARM_DESC(test_boost_duration, "Duration of each boost test, seconds.");
-static int test_boost_interval = 7;
-module_param(test_boost_interval, int, 0444);
-MODULE_PARM_DESC(test_boost_interval, "Interval between boost tests, seconds.");
-static bool test_no_idle_hz = true;
-module_param(test_no_idle_hz, bool, 0444);
-MODULE_PARM_DESC(test_no_idle_hz, "Test support for tickless idle CPUs");
-static char *torture_type = "rcu";
-module_param(torture_type, charp, 0444);
-MODULE_PARM_DESC(torture_type, "Type of RCU to torture (rcu, rcu_bh, ...)");
-static bool verbose;
-module_param(verbose, bool, 0444);
-MODULE_PARM_DESC(verbose, "Enable verbose debugging printk()s");
-
-#define TORTURE_FLAG "-torture:"
-#define PRINTK_STRING(s) \
-       do { pr_alert("%s" TORTURE_FLAG s "\n", torture_type); } while (0)
-#define VERBOSE_PRINTK_STRING(s) \
-       do { if (verbose) pr_alert("%s" TORTURE_FLAG s "\n", torture_type); } while (0)
-#define VERBOSE_PRINTK_ERRSTRING(s) \
-       do { if (verbose) pr_alert("%s" TORTURE_FLAG "!!! " s "\n", torture_type); } while (0)
-
-static char printk_buf[4096];
-
-static int nrealreaders;
-static struct task_struct *writer_task;
-static struct task_struct **fakewriter_tasks;
-static struct task_struct **reader_tasks;
-static struct task_struct *stats_task;
-static struct task_struct *shuffler_task;
-static struct task_struct *stutter_task;
-static struct task_struct *fqs_task;
-static struct task_struct *boost_tasks[NR_CPUS];
-static struct task_struct *shutdown_task;
-#ifdef CONFIG_HOTPLUG_CPU
-static struct task_struct *onoff_task;
-#endif /* #ifdef CONFIG_HOTPLUG_CPU */
-static struct task_struct *stall_task;
-static struct task_struct **barrier_cbs_tasks;
-static struct task_struct *barrier_task;
-
-#define RCU_TORTURE_PIPE_LEN 10
-
-struct rcu_torture {
-       struct rcu_head rtort_rcu;
-       int rtort_pipe_count;
-       struct list_head rtort_free;
-       int rtort_mbtest;
-};
-
-static LIST_HEAD(rcu_torture_freelist);
-static struct rcu_torture __rcu *rcu_torture_current;
-static unsigned long rcu_torture_current_version;
-static struct rcu_torture rcu_tortures[10 * RCU_TORTURE_PIPE_LEN];
-static DEFINE_SPINLOCK(rcu_torture_lock);
-static DEFINE_PER_CPU(long [RCU_TORTURE_PIPE_LEN + 1], rcu_torture_count) =
-       { 0 };
-static DEFINE_PER_CPU(long [RCU_TORTURE_PIPE_LEN + 1], rcu_torture_batch) =
-       { 0 };
-static atomic_t rcu_torture_wcount[RCU_TORTURE_PIPE_LEN + 1];
-static atomic_t n_rcu_torture_alloc;
-static atomic_t n_rcu_torture_alloc_fail;
-static atomic_t n_rcu_torture_free;
-static atomic_t n_rcu_torture_mberror;
-static atomic_t n_rcu_torture_error;
-static long n_rcu_torture_barrier_error;
-static long n_rcu_torture_boost_ktrerror;
-static long n_rcu_torture_boost_rterror;
-static long n_rcu_torture_boost_failure;
-static long n_rcu_torture_boosts;
-static long n_rcu_torture_timers;
-static long n_offline_attempts;
-static long n_offline_successes;
-static unsigned long sum_offline;
-static int min_offline = -1;
-static int max_offline;
-static long n_online_attempts;
-static long n_online_successes;
-static unsigned long sum_online;
-static int min_online = -1;
-static int max_online;
-static long n_barrier_attempts;
-static long n_barrier_successes;
-static struct list_head rcu_torture_removed;
-static cpumask_var_t shuffle_tmp_mask;
-
-static int stutter_pause_test;
-
-#if defined(MODULE) || defined(CONFIG_RCU_TORTURE_TEST_RUNNABLE)
-#define RCUTORTURE_RUNNABLE_INIT 1
-#else
-#define RCUTORTURE_RUNNABLE_INIT 0
-#endif
-int rcutorture_runnable = RCUTORTURE_RUNNABLE_INIT;
-module_param(rcutorture_runnable, int, 0444);
-MODULE_PARM_DESC(rcutorture_runnable, "Start rcutorture at boot");
-
-#if defined(CONFIG_RCU_BOOST) && !defined(CONFIG_HOTPLUG_CPU)
-#define rcu_can_boost() 1
-#else /* #if defined(CONFIG_RCU_BOOST) && !defined(CONFIG_HOTPLUG_CPU) */
-#define rcu_can_boost() 0
-#endif /* #else #if defined(CONFIG_RCU_BOOST) && !defined(CONFIG_HOTPLUG_CPU) */
-
-#ifdef CONFIG_RCU_TRACE
-static u64 notrace rcu_trace_clock_local(void)
-{
-       u64 ts = trace_clock_local();
-       unsigned long __maybe_unused ts_rem = do_div(ts, NSEC_PER_USEC);
-       return ts;
-}
-#else /* #ifdef CONFIG_RCU_TRACE */
-static u64 notrace rcu_trace_clock_local(void)
-{
-       return 0ULL;
-}
-#endif /* #else #ifdef CONFIG_RCU_TRACE */
-
-static unsigned long shutdown_time;    /* jiffies to system shutdown. */
-static unsigned long boost_starttime;  /* jiffies of next boost test start. */
-DEFINE_MUTEX(boost_mutex);             /* protect setting boost_starttime */
-                                       /*  and boost task create/destroy. */
-static atomic_t barrier_cbs_count;     /* Barrier callbacks registered. */
-static bool barrier_phase;             /* Test phase. */
-static atomic_t barrier_cbs_invoked;   /* Barrier callbacks invoked. */
-static wait_queue_head_t *barrier_cbs_wq; /* Coordinate barrier testing. */
-static DECLARE_WAIT_QUEUE_HEAD(barrier_wq);
-
-/* Mediate rmmod and system shutdown.  Concurrent rmmod & shutdown illegal! */
-
-#define FULLSTOP_DONTSTOP 0    /* Normal operation. */
-#define FULLSTOP_SHUTDOWN 1    /* System shutdown with rcutorture running. */
-#define FULLSTOP_RMMOD    2    /* Normal rmmod of rcutorture. */
-static int fullstop = FULLSTOP_RMMOD;
-/*
- * Protect fullstop transitions and spawning of kthreads.
- */
-static DEFINE_MUTEX(fullstop_mutex);
-
-/* Forward reference. */
-static void rcu_torture_cleanup(void);
-
-/*
- * Detect and respond to a system shutdown.
- */
-static int
-rcutorture_shutdown_notify(struct notifier_block *unused1,
-                          unsigned long unused2, void *unused3)
-{
-       mutex_lock(&fullstop_mutex);
-       if (fullstop == FULLSTOP_DONTSTOP)
-               fullstop = FULLSTOP_SHUTDOWN;
-       else
-               pr_warn(/* but going down anyway, so... */
-                      "Concurrent 'rmmod rcutorture' and shutdown illegal!\n");
-       mutex_unlock(&fullstop_mutex);
-       return NOTIFY_DONE;
-}
-
-/*
- * Absorb kthreads into a kernel function that won't return, so that
- * they won't ever access module text or data again.
- */
-static void rcutorture_shutdown_absorb(const char *title)
-{
-       if (ACCESS_ONCE(fullstop) == FULLSTOP_SHUTDOWN) {
-               pr_notice(
-                      "rcutorture thread %s parking due to system shutdown\n",
-                      title);
-               schedule_timeout_uninterruptible(MAX_SCHEDULE_TIMEOUT);
-       }
-}
-
-/*
- * Allocate an element from the rcu_tortures pool.
- */
-static struct rcu_torture *
-rcu_torture_alloc(void)
-{
-       struct list_head *p;
-
-       spin_lock_bh(&rcu_torture_lock);
-       if (list_empty(&rcu_torture_freelist)) {
-               atomic_inc(&n_rcu_torture_alloc_fail);
-               spin_unlock_bh(&rcu_torture_lock);
-               return NULL;
-       }
-       atomic_inc(&n_rcu_torture_alloc);
-       p = rcu_torture_freelist.next;
-       list_del_init(p);
-       spin_unlock_bh(&rcu_torture_lock);
-       return container_of(p, struct rcu_torture, rtort_free);
-}
-
-/*
- * Free an element to the rcu_tortures pool.
- */
-static void
-rcu_torture_free(struct rcu_torture *p)
-{
-       atomic_inc(&n_rcu_torture_free);
-       spin_lock_bh(&rcu_torture_lock);
-       list_add_tail(&p->rtort_free, &rcu_torture_freelist);
-       spin_unlock_bh(&rcu_torture_lock);
-}
-
-struct rcu_random_state {
-       unsigned long rrs_state;
-       long rrs_count;
-};
-
-#define RCU_RANDOM_MULT 39916801  /* prime */
-#define RCU_RANDOM_ADD 479001701 /* prime */
-#define RCU_RANDOM_REFRESH 10000
-
-#define DEFINE_RCU_RANDOM(name) struct rcu_random_state name = { 0, 0 }
-
-/*
- * Crude but fast random-number generator.  Uses a linear congruential
- * generator, with occasional help from cpu_clock().
- */
-static unsigned long
-rcu_random(struct rcu_random_state *rrsp)
-{
-       if (--rrsp->rrs_count < 0) {
-               rrsp->rrs_state += (unsigned long)local_clock();
-               rrsp->rrs_count = RCU_RANDOM_REFRESH;
-       }
-       rrsp->rrs_state = rrsp->rrs_state * RCU_RANDOM_MULT + RCU_RANDOM_ADD;
-       return swahw32(rrsp->rrs_state);
-}
-
-static void
-rcu_stutter_wait(const char *title)
-{
-       while (stutter_pause_test || !rcutorture_runnable) {
-               if (rcutorture_runnable)
-                       schedule_timeout_interruptible(1);
-               else
-                       schedule_timeout_interruptible(round_jiffies_relative(HZ));
-               rcutorture_shutdown_absorb(title);
-       }
-}
-
-/*
- * Operations vector for selecting different types of tests.
- */
-
-struct rcu_torture_ops {
-       void (*init)(void);
-       int (*readlock)(void);
-       void (*read_delay)(struct rcu_random_state *rrsp);
-       void (*readunlock)(int idx);
-       int (*completed)(void);
-       void (*deferred_free)(struct rcu_torture *p);
-       void (*sync)(void);
-       void (*exp_sync)(void);
-       void (*call)(struct rcu_head *head, void (*func)(struct rcu_head *rcu));
-       void (*cb_barrier)(void);
-       void (*fqs)(void);
-       int (*stats)(char *page);
-       int irq_capable;
-       int can_boost;
-       const char *name;
-};
-
-static struct rcu_torture_ops *cur_ops;
-
-/*
- * Definitions for rcu torture testing.
- */
-
-static int rcu_torture_read_lock(void) __acquires(RCU)
-{
-       rcu_read_lock();
-       return 0;
-}
-
-static void rcu_read_delay(struct rcu_random_state *rrsp)
-{
-       const unsigned long shortdelay_us = 200;
-       const unsigned long longdelay_ms = 50;
-
-       /* We want a short delay sometimes to make a reader delay the grace
-        * period, and we want a long delay occasionally to trigger
-        * force_quiescent_state. */
-
-       if (!(rcu_random(rrsp) % (nrealreaders * 2000 * longdelay_ms)))
-               mdelay(longdelay_ms);
-       if (!(rcu_random(rrsp) % (nrealreaders * 2 * shortdelay_us)))
-               udelay(shortdelay_us);
-#ifdef CONFIG_PREEMPT
-       if (!preempt_count() && !(rcu_random(rrsp) % (nrealreaders * 20000)))
-               preempt_schedule();  /* No QS if preempt_disable() in effect */
-#endif
-}
-
-static void rcu_torture_read_unlock(int idx) __releases(RCU)
-{
-       rcu_read_unlock();
-}
-
-static int rcu_torture_completed(void)
-{
-       return rcu_batches_completed();
-}
-
-static void
-rcu_torture_cb(struct rcu_head *p)
-{
-       int i;
-       struct rcu_torture *rp = container_of(p, struct rcu_torture, rtort_rcu);
-
-       if (fullstop != FULLSTOP_DONTSTOP) {
-               /* Test is ending, just drop callbacks on the floor. */
-               /* The next initialization will pick up the pieces. */
-               return;
-       }
-       i = rp->rtort_pipe_count;
-       if (i > RCU_TORTURE_PIPE_LEN)
-               i = RCU_TORTURE_PIPE_LEN;
-       atomic_inc(&rcu_torture_wcount[i]);
-       if (++rp->rtort_pipe_count >= RCU_TORTURE_PIPE_LEN) {
-               rp->rtort_mbtest = 0;
-               rcu_torture_free(rp);
-       } else {
-               cur_ops->deferred_free(rp);
-       }
-}
-
-static int rcu_no_completed(void)
-{
-       return 0;
-}
-
-static void rcu_torture_deferred_free(struct rcu_torture *p)
-{
-       call_rcu(&p->rtort_rcu, rcu_torture_cb);
-}
-
-static void rcu_sync_torture_init(void)
-{
-       INIT_LIST_HEAD(&rcu_torture_removed);
-}
-
-static struct rcu_torture_ops rcu_ops = {
-       .init           = rcu_sync_torture_init,
-       .readlock       = rcu_torture_read_lock,
-       .read_delay     = rcu_read_delay,
-       .readunlock     = rcu_torture_read_unlock,
-       .completed      = rcu_torture_completed,
-       .deferred_free  = rcu_torture_deferred_free,
-       .sync           = synchronize_rcu,
-       .exp_sync       = synchronize_rcu_expedited,
-       .call           = call_rcu,
-       .cb_barrier     = rcu_barrier,
-       .fqs            = rcu_force_quiescent_state,
-       .stats          = NULL,
-       .irq_capable    = 1,
-       .can_boost      = rcu_can_boost(),
-       .name           = "rcu"
-};
-
-/*
- * Definitions for rcu_bh torture testing.
- */
-
-static int rcu_bh_torture_read_lock(void) __acquires(RCU_BH)
-{
-       rcu_read_lock_bh();
-       return 0;
-}
-
-static void rcu_bh_torture_read_unlock(int idx) __releases(RCU_BH)
-{
-       rcu_read_unlock_bh();
-}
-
-static int rcu_bh_torture_completed(void)
-{
-       return rcu_batches_completed_bh();
-}
-
-static void rcu_bh_torture_deferred_free(struct rcu_torture *p)
-{
-       call_rcu_bh(&p->rtort_rcu, rcu_torture_cb);
-}
-
-static struct rcu_torture_ops rcu_bh_ops = {
-       .init           = rcu_sync_torture_init,
-       .readlock       = rcu_bh_torture_read_lock,
-       .read_delay     = rcu_read_delay,  /* just reuse rcu's version. */
-       .readunlock     = rcu_bh_torture_read_unlock,
-       .completed      = rcu_bh_torture_completed,
-       .deferred_free  = rcu_bh_torture_deferred_free,
-       .sync           = synchronize_rcu_bh,
-       .exp_sync       = synchronize_rcu_bh_expedited,
-       .call           = call_rcu_bh,
-       .cb_barrier     = rcu_barrier_bh,
-       .fqs            = rcu_bh_force_quiescent_state,
-       .stats          = NULL,
-       .irq_capable    = 1,
-       .name           = "rcu_bh"
-};
-
-/*
- * Definitions for srcu torture testing.
- */
-
-DEFINE_STATIC_SRCU(srcu_ctl);
-
-static int srcu_torture_read_lock(void) __acquires(&srcu_ctl)
-{
-       return srcu_read_lock(&srcu_ctl);
-}
-
-static void srcu_read_delay(struct rcu_random_state *rrsp)
-{
-       long delay;
-       const long uspertick = 1000000 / HZ;
-       const long longdelay = 10;
-
-       /* We want there to be long-running readers, but not all the time. */
-
-       delay = rcu_random(rrsp) % (nrealreaders * 2 * longdelay * uspertick);
-       if (!delay)
-               schedule_timeout_interruptible(longdelay);
-       else
-               rcu_read_delay(rrsp);
-}
-
-static void srcu_torture_read_unlock(int idx) __releases(&srcu_ctl)
-{
-       srcu_read_unlock(&srcu_ctl, idx);
-}
-
-static int srcu_torture_completed(void)
-{
-       return srcu_batches_completed(&srcu_ctl);
-}
-
-static void srcu_torture_deferred_free(struct rcu_torture *rp)
-{
-       call_srcu(&srcu_ctl, &rp->rtort_rcu, rcu_torture_cb);
-}
-
-static void srcu_torture_synchronize(void)
-{
-       synchronize_srcu(&srcu_ctl);
-}
-
-static void srcu_torture_call(struct rcu_head *head,
-                             void (*func)(struct rcu_head *head))
-{
-       call_srcu(&srcu_ctl, head, func);
-}
-
-static void srcu_torture_barrier(void)
-{
-       srcu_barrier(&srcu_ctl);
-}
-
-static int srcu_torture_stats(char *page)
-{
-       int cnt = 0;
-       int cpu;
-       int idx = srcu_ctl.completed & 0x1;
-
-       cnt += sprintf(&page[cnt], "%s%s per-CPU(idx=%d):",
-                      torture_type, TORTURE_FLAG, idx);
-       for_each_possible_cpu(cpu) {
-               cnt += sprintf(&page[cnt], " %d(%lu,%lu)", cpu,
-                              per_cpu_ptr(srcu_ctl.per_cpu_ref, cpu)->c[!idx],
-                              per_cpu_ptr(srcu_ctl.per_cpu_ref, cpu)->c[idx]);
-       }
-       cnt += sprintf(&page[cnt], "\n");
-       return cnt;
-}
-
-static void srcu_torture_synchronize_expedited(void)
-{
-       synchronize_srcu_expedited(&srcu_ctl);
-}
-
-static struct rcu_torture_ops srcu_ops = {
-       .init           = rcu_sync_torture_init,
-       .readlock       = srcu_torture_read_lock,
-       .read_delay     = srcu_read_delay,
-       .readunlock     = srcu_torture_read_unlock,
-       .completed      = srcu_torture_completed,
-       .deferred_free  = srcu_torture_deferred_free,
-       .sync           = srcu_torture_synchronize,
-       .exp_sync       = srcu_torture_synchronize_expedited,
-       .call           = srcu_torture_call,
-       .cb_barrier     = srcu_torture_barrier,
-       .stats          = srcu_torture_stats,
-       .name           = "srcu"
-};
-
-/*
- * Definitions for sched torture testing.
- */
-
-static int sched_torture_read_lock(void)
-{
-       preempt_disable();
-       return 0;
-}
-
-static void sched_torture_read_unlock(int idx)
-{
-       preempt_enable();
-}
-
-static void rcu_sched_torture_deferred_free(struct rcu_torture *p)
-{
-       call_rcu_sched(&p->rtort_rcu, rcu_torture_cb);
-}
-
-static struct rcu_torture_ops sched_ops = {
-       .init           = rcu_sync_torture_init,
-       .readlock       = sched_torture_read_lock,
-       .read_delay     = rcu_read_delay,  /* just reuse rcu's version. */
-       .readunlock     = sched_torture_read_unlock,
-       .completed      = rcu_no_completed,
-       .deferred_free  = rcu_sched_torture_deferred_free,
-       .sync           = synchronize_sched,
-       .exp_sync       = synchronize_sched_expedited,
-       .call           = call_rcu_sched,
-       .cb_barrier     = rcu_barrier_sched,
-       .fqs            = rcu_sched_force_quiescent_state,
-       .stats          = NULL,
-       .irq_capable    = 1,
-       .name           = "sched"
-};
-
-/*
- * RCU torture priority-boost testing.  Runs one real-time thread per
- * CPU for moderate bursts, repeatedly registering RCU callbacks and
- * spinning waiting for them to be invoked.  If a given callback takes
- * too long to be invoked, we assume that priority inversion has occurred.
- */
-
-struct rcu_boost_inflight {
-       struct rcu_head rcu;
-       int inflight;
-};
-
-static void rcu_torture_boost_cb(struct rcu_head *head)
-{
-       struct rcu_boost_inflight *rbip =
-               container_of(head, struct rcu_boost_inflight, rcu);
-
-       smp_mb(); /* Ensure RCU-core accesses precede clearing ->inflight */
-       rbip->inflight = 0;
-}
-
-static int rcu_torture_boost(void *arg)
-{
-       unsigned long call_rcu_time;
-       unsigned long endtime;
-       unsigned long oldstarttime;
-       struct rcu_boost_inflight rbi = { .inflight = 0 };
-       struct sched_param sp;
-
-       VERBOSE_PRINTK_STRING("rcu_torture_boost started");
-
-       /* Set real-time priority. */
-       sp.sched_priority = 1;
-       if (sched_setscheduler(current, SCHED_FIFO, &sp) < 0) {
-               VERBOSE_PRINTK_STRING("rcu_torture_boost RT prio failed!");
-               n_rcu_torture_boost_rterror++;
-       }
-
-       init_rcu_head_on_stack(&rbi.rcu);
-       /* Each pass through the following loop does one boost-test cycle. */
-       do {
-               /* Wait for the next test interval. */
-               oldstarttime = boost_starttime;
-               while (ULONG_CMP_LT(jiffies, oldstarttime)) {
-                       schedule_timeout_interruptible(oldstarttime - jiffies);
-                       rcu_stutter_wait("rcu_torture_boost");
-                       if (kthread_should_stop() ||
-                           fullstop != FULLSTOP_DONTSTOP)
-                               goto checkwait;
-               }
-
-               /* Do one boost-test interval. */
-               endtime = oldstarttime + test_boost_duration * HZ;
-               call_rcu_time = jiffies;
-               while (ULONG_CMP_LT(jiffies, endtime)) {
-                       /* If we don't have a callback in flight, post one. */
-                       if (!rbi.inflight) {
-                               smp_mb(); /* RCU core before ->inflight = 1. */
-                               rbi.inflight = 1;
-                               call_rcu(&rbi.rcu, rcu_torture_boost_cb);
-                               if (jiffies - call_rcu_time >
-                                        test_boost_duration * HZ - HZ / 2) {
-                                       VERBOSE_PRINTK_STRING("rcu_torture_boost boosting failed");
-                                       n_rcu_torture_boost_failure++;
-                               }
-                               call_rcu_time = jiffies;
-                       }
-                       cond_resched();
-                       rcu_stutter_wait("rcu_torture_boost");
-                       if (kthread_should_stop() ||
-                           fullstop != FULLSTOP_DONTSTOP)
-                               goto checkwait;
-               }
-
-               /*
-                * Set the start time of the next test interval.
-                * Yes, this is vulnerable to long delays, but such
-                * delays simply cause a false negative for the next
-                * interval.  Besides, we are running at RT priority,
-                * so delays should be relatively rare.
-                */
-               while (oldstarttime == boost_starttime &&
-                      !kthread_should_stop()) {
-                       if (mutex_trylock(&boost_mutex)) {
-                               boost_starttime = jiffies +
-                                                 test_boost_interval * HZ;
-                               n_rcu_torture_boosts++;
-                               mutex_unlock(&boost_mutex);
-                               break;
-                       }
-                       schedule_timeout_uninterruptible(1);
-               }
-
-               /* Go do the stutter. */
-checkwait:     rcu_stutter_wait("rcu_torture_boost");
-       } while (!kthread_should_stop() && fullstop  == FULLSTOP_DONTSTOP);
-
-       /* Clean up and exit. */
-       VERBOSE_PRINTK_STRING("rcu_torture_boost task stopping");
-       rcutorture_shutdown_absorb("rcu_torture_boost");
-       while (!kthread_should_stop() || rbi.inflight)
-               schedule_timeout_uninterruptible(1);
-       smp_mb(); /* order accesses to ->inflight before stack-frame death. */
-       destroy_rcu_head_on_stack(&rbi.rcu);
-       return 0;
-}
-
-/*
- * RCU torture force-quiescent-state kthread.  Repeatedly induces
- * bursts of calls to force_quiescent_state(), increasing the probability
- * of occurrence of some important types of race conditions.
- */
-static int
-rcu_torture_fqs(void *arg)
-{
-       unsigned long fqs_resume_time;
-       int fqs_burst_remaining;
-
-       VERBOSE_PRINTK_STRING("rcu_torture_fqs task started");
-       do {
-               fqs_resume_time = jiffies + fqs_stutter * HZ;
-               while (ULONG_CMP_LT(jiffies, fqs_resume_time) &&
-                      !kthread_should_stop()) {
-                       schedule_timeout_interruptible(1);
-               }
-               fqs_burst_remaining = fqs_duration;
-               while (fqs_burst_remaining > 0 &&
-                      !kthread_should_stop()) {
-                       cur_ops->fqs();
-                       udelay(fqs_holdoff);
-                       fqs_burst_remaining -= fqs_holdoff;
-               }
-               rcu_stutter_wait("rcu_torture_fqs");
-       } while (!kthread_should_stop() && fullstop == FULLSTOP_DONTSTOP);
-       VERBOSE_PRINTK_STRING("rcu_torture_fqs task stopping");
-       rcutorture_shutdown_absorb("rcu_torture_fqs");
-       while (!kthread_should_stop())
-               schedule_timeout_uninterruptible(1);
-       return 0;
-}
-
-/*
- * RCU torture writer kthread.  Repeatedly substitutes a new structure
- * for that pointed to by rcu_torture_current, freeing the old structure
- * after a series of grace periods (the "pipeline").
- */
-static int
-rcu_torture_writer(void *arg)
-{
-       bool exp;
-       int i;
-       struct rcu_torture *rp;
-       struct rcu_torture *rp1;
-       struct rcu_torture *old_rp;
-       static DEFINE_RCU_RANDOM(rand);
-
-       VERBOSE_PRINTK_STRING("rcu_torture_writer task started");
-       set_user_nice(current, 19);
-
-       do {
-               schedule_timeout_uninterruptible(1);
-               rp = rcu_torture_alloc();
-               if (rp == NULL)
-                       continue;
-               rp->rtort_pipe_count = 0;
-               udelay(rcu_random(&rand) & 0x3ff);
-               old_rp = rcu_dereference_check(rcu_torture_current,
-                                              current == writer_task);
-               rp->rtort_mbtest = 1;
-               rcu_assign_pointer(rcu_torture_current, rp);
-               smp_wmb(); /* Mods to old_rp must follow rcu_assign_pointer() */
-               if (old_rp) {
-                       i = old_rp->rtort_pipe_count;
-                       if (i > RCU_TORTURE_PIPE_LEN)
-                               i = RCU_TORTURE_PIPE_LEN;
-                       atomic_inc(&rcu_torture_wcount[i]);
-                       old_rp->rtort_pipe_count++;
-                       if (gp_normal == gp_exp)
-                               exp = !!(rcu_random(&rand) & 0x80);
-                       else
-                               exp = gp_exp;
-                       if (!exp) {
-                               cur_ops->deferred_free(old_rp);
-                       } else {
-                               cur_ops->exp_sync();
-                               list_add(&old_rp->rtort_free,
-                                        &rcu_torture_removed);
-                               list_for_each_entry_safe(rp, rp1,
-                                                        &rcu_torture_removed,
-                                                        rtort_free) {
-                                       i = rp->rtort_pipe_count;
-                                       if (i > RCU_TORTURE_PIPE_LEN)
-                                               i = RCU_TORTURE_PIPE_LEN;
-                                       atomic_inc(&rcu_torture_wcount[i]);
-                                       if (++rp->rtort_pipe_count >=
-                                           RCU_TORTURE_PIPE_LEN) {
-                                               rp->rtort_mbtest = 0;
-                                               list_del(&rp->rtort_free);
-                                               rcu_torture_free(rp);
-                                       }
-                                }
-                       }
-               }
-               rcutorture_record_progress(++rcu_torture_current_version);
-               rcu_stutter_wait("rcu_torture_writer");
-       } while (!kthread_should_stop() && fullstop == FULLSTOP_DONTSTOP);
-       VERBOSE_PRINTK_STRING("rcu_torture_writer task stopping");
-       rcutorture_shutdown_absorb("rcu_torture_writer");
-       while (!kthread_should_stop())
-               schedule_timeout_uninterruptible(1);
-       return 0;
-}
-
-/*
- * RCU torture fake writer kthread.  Repeatedly calls sync, with a random
- * delay between calls.
- */
-static int
-rcu_torture_fakewriter(void *arg)
-{
-       DEFINE_RCU_RANDOM(rand);
-
-       VERBOSE_PRINTK_STRING("rcu_torture_fakewriter task started");
-       set_user_nice(current, 19);
-
-       do {
-               schedule_timeout_uninterruptible(1 + rcu_random(&rand)%10);
-               udelay(rcu_random(&rand) & 0x3ff);
-               if (cur_ops->cb_barrier != NULL &&
-                   rcu_random(&rand) % (nfakewriters * 8) == 0) {
-                       cur_ops->cb_barrier();
-               } else if (gp_normal == gp_exp) {
-                       if (rcu_random(&rand) & 0x80)
-                               cur_ops->sync();
-                       else
-                               cur_ops->exp_sync();
-               } else if (gp_normal) {
-                       cur_ops->sync();
-               } else {
-                       cur_ops->exp_sync();
-               }
-               rcu_stutter_wait("rcu_torture_fakewriter");
-       } while (!kthread_should_stop() && fullstop == FULLSTOP_DONTSTOP);
-
-       VERBOSE_PRINTK_STRING("rcu_torture_fakewriter task stopping");
-       rcutorture_shutdown_absorb("rcu_torture_fakewriter");
-       while (!kthread_should_stop())
-               schedule_timeout_uninterruptible(1);
-       return 0;
-}
-
-void rcutorture_trace_dump(void)
-{
-       static atomic_t beenhere = ATOMIC_INIT(0);
-
-       if (atomic_read(&beenhere))
-               return;
-       if (atomic_xchg(&beenhere, 1) != 0)
-               return;
-       ftrace_dump(DUMP_ALL);
-}
-
-/*
- * RCU torture reader from timer handler.  Dereferences rcu_torture_current,
- * incrementing the corresponding element of the pipeline array.  The
- * counter in the element should never be greater than 1, otherwise, the
- * RCU implementation is broken.
- */
-static void rcu_torture_timer(unsigned long unused)
-{
-       int idx;
-       int completed;
-       int completed_end;
-       static DEFINE_RCU_RANDOM(rand);
-       static DEFINE_SPINLOCK(rand_lock);
-       struct rcu_torture *p;
-       int pipe_count;
-       unsigned long long ts;
-
-       idx = cur_ops->readlock();
-       completed = cur_ops->completed();
-       ts = rcu_trace_clock_local();
-       p = rcu_dereference_check(rcu_torture_current,
-                                 rcu_read_lock_bh_held() ||
-                                 rcu_read_lock_sched_held() ||
-                                 srcu_read_lock_held(&srcu_ctl));
-       if (p == NULL) {
-               /* Leave because rcu_torture_writer is not yet underway */
-               cur_ops->readunlock(idx);
-               return;
-       }
-       if (p->rtort_mbtest == 0)
-               atomic_inc(&n_rcu_torture_mberror);
-       spin_lock(&rand_lock);
-       cur_ops->read_delay(&rand);
-       n_rcu_torture_timers++;
-       spin_unlock(&rand_lock);
-       preempt_disable();
-       pipe_count = p->rtort_pipe_count;
-       if (pipe_count > RCU_TORTURE_PIPE_LEN) {
-               /* Should not happen, but... */
-               pipe_count = RCU_TORTURE_PIPE_LEN;
-       }
-       completed_end = cur_ops->completed();
-       if (pipe_count > 1) {
-               do_trace_rcu_torture_read(cur_ops->name, &p->rtort_rcu, ts,
-                                         completed, completed_end);
-               rcutorture_trace_dump();
-       }
-       __this_cpu_inc(rcu_torture_count[pipe_count]);
-       completed = completed_end - completed;
-       if (completed > RCU_TORTURE_PIPE_LEN) {
-               /* Should not happen, but... */
-               completed = RCU_TORTURE_PIPE_LEN;
-       }
-       __this_cpu_inc(rcu_torture_batch[completed]);
-       preempt_enable();
-       cur_ops->readunlock(idx);
-}
-
-/*
- * RCU torture reader kthread.  Repeatedly dereferences rcu_torture_current,
- * incrementing the corresponding element of the pipeline array.  The
- * counter in the element should never be greater than 1, otherwise, the
- * RCU implementation is broken.
- */
-static int
-rcu_torture_reader(void *arg)
-{
-       int completed;
-       int completed_end;
-       int idx;
-       DEFINE_RCU_RANDOM(rand);
-       struct rcu_torture *p;
-       int pipe_count;
-       struct timer_list t;
-       unsigned long long ts;
-
-       VERBOSE_PRINTK_STRING("rcu_torture_reader task started");
-       set_user_nice(current, 19);
-       if (irqreader && cur_ops->irq_capable)
-               setup_timer_on_stack(&t, rcu_torture_timer, 0);
-
-       do {
-               if (irqreader && cur_ops->irq_capable) {
-                       if (!timer_pending(&t))
-                               mod_timer(&t, jiffies + 1);
-               }
-               idx = cur_ops->readlock();
-               completed = cur_ops->completed();
-               ts = rcu_trace_clock_local();
-               p = rcu_dereference_check(rcu_torture_current,
-                                         rcu_read_lock_bh_held() ||
-                                         rcu_read_lock_sched_held() ||
-                                         srcu_read_lock_held(&srcu_ctl));
-               if (p == NULL) {
-                       /* Wait for rcu_torture_writer to get underway */
-                       cur_ops->readunlock(idx);
-                       schedule_timeout_interruptible(HZ);
-                       continue;
-               }
-               if (p->rtort_mbtest == 0)
-                       atomic_inc(&n_rcu_torture_mberror);
-               cur_ops->read_delay(&rand);
-               preempt_disable();
-               pipe_count = p->rtort_pipe_count;
-               if (pipe_count > RCU_TORTURE_PIPE_LEN) {
-                       /* Should not happen, but... */
-                       pipe_count = RCU_TORTURE_PIPE_LEN;
-               }
-               completed_end = cur_ops->completed();
-               if (pipe_count > 1) {
-                       do_trace_rcu_torture_read(cur_ops->name, &p->rtort_rcu,
-                                                 ts, completed, completed_end);
-                       rcutorture_trace_dump();
-               }
-               __this_cpu_inc(rcu_torture_count[pipe_count]);
-               completed = completed_end - completed;
-               if (completed > RCU_TORTURE_PIPE_LEN) {
-                       /* Should not happen, but... */
-                       completed = RCU_TORTURE_PIPE_LEN;
-               }
-               __this_cpu_inc(rcu_torture_batch[completed]);
-               preempt_enable();
-               cur_ops->readunlock(idx);
-               schedule();
-               rcu_stutter_wait("rcu_torture_reader");
-       } while (!kthread_should_stop() && fullstop == FULLSTOP_DONTSTOP);
-       VERBOSE_PRINTK_STRING("rcu_torture_reader task stopping");
-       rcutorture_shutdown_absorb("rcu_torture_reader");
-       if (irqreader && cur_ops->irq_capable)
-               del_timer_sync(&t);
-       while (!kthread_should_stop())
-               schedule_timeout_uninterruptible(1);
-       return 0;
-}
-
-/*
- * Create an RCU-torture statistics message in the specified buffer.
- */
-static int
-rcu_torture_printk(char *page)
-{
-       int cnt = 0;
-       int cpu;
-       int i;
-       long pipesummary[RCU_TORTURE_PIPE_LEN + 1] = { 0 };
-       long batchsummary[RCU_TORTURE_PIPE_LEN + 1] = { 0 };
-
-       for_each_possible_cpu(cpu) {
-               for (i = 0; i < RCU_TORTURE_PIPE_LEN + 1; i++) {
-                       pipesummary[i] += per_cpu(rcu_torture_count, cpu)[i];
-                       batchsummary[i] += per_cpu(rcu_torture_batch, cpu)[i];
-               }
-       }
-       for (i = RCU_TORTURE_PIPE_LEN - 1; i >= 0; i--) {
-               if (pipesummary[i] != 0)
-                       break;
-       }
-       cnt += sprintf(&page[cnt], "%s%s ", torture_type, TORTURE_FLAG);
-       cnt += sprintf(&page[cnt],
-                      "rtc: %p ver: %lu tfle: %d rta: %d rtaf: %d rtf: %d ",
-                      rcu_torture_current,
-                      rcu_torture_current_version,
-                      list_empty(&rcu_torture_freelist),
-                      atomic_read(&n_rcu_torture_alloc),
-                      atomic_read(&n_rcu_torture_alloc_fail),
-                      atomic_read(&n_rcu_torture_free));
-       cnt += sprintf(&page[cnt], "rtmbe: %d rtbke: %ld rtbre: %ld ",
-                      atomic_read(&n_rcu_torture_mberror),
-                      n_rcu_torture_boost_ktrerror,
-                      n_rcu_torture_boost_rterror);
-       cnt += sprintf(&page[cnt], "rtbf: %ld rtb: %ld nt: %ld ",
-                      n_rcu_torture_boost_failure,
-                      n_rcu_torture_boosts,
-                      n_rcu_torture_timers);
-       cnt += sprintf(&page[cnt],
-                      "onoff: %ld/%ld:%ld/%ld %d,%d:%d,%d %lu:%lu (HZ=%d) ",
-                      n_online_successes, n_online_attempts,
-                      n_offline_successes, n_offline_attempts,
-                      min_online, max_online,
-                      min_offline, max_offline,
-                      sum_online, sum_offline, HZ);
-       cnt += sprintf(&page[cnt], "barrier: %ld/%ld:%ld",
-                      n_barrier_successes,
-                      n_barrier_attempts,
-                      n_rcu_torture_barrier_error);
-       cnt += sprintf(&page[cnt], "\n%s%s ", torture_type, TORTURE_FLAG);
-       if (atomic_read(&n_rcu_torture_mberror) != 0 ||
-           n_rcu_torture_barrier_error != 0 ||
-           n_rcu_torture_boost_ktrerror != 0 ||
-           n_rcu_torture_boost_rterror != 0 ||
-           n_rcu_torture_boost_failure != 0 ||
-           i > 1) {
-               cnt += sprintf(&page[cnt], "!!! ");
-               atomic_inc(&n_rcu_torture_error);
-               WARN_ON_ONCE(1);
-       }
-       cnt += sprintf(&page[cnt], "Reader Pipe: ");
-       for (i = 0; i < RCU_TORTURE_PIPE_LEN + 1; i++)
-               cnt += sprintf(&page[cnt], " %ld", pipesummary[i]);
-       cnt += sprintf(&page[cnt], "\n%s%s ", torture_type, TORTURE_FLAG);
-       cnt += sprintf(&page[cnt], "Reader Batch: ");
-       for (i = 0; i < RCU_TORTURE_PIPE_LEN + 1; i++)
-               cnt += sprintf(&page[cnt], " %ld", batchsummary[i]);
-       cnt += sprintf(&page[cnt], "\n%s%s ", torture_type, TORTURE_FLAG);
-       cnt += sprintf(&page[cnt], "Free-Block Circulation: ");
-       for (i = 0; i < RCU_TORTURE_PIPE_LEN + 1; i++) {
-               cnt += sprintf(&page[cnt], " %d",
-                              atomic_read(&rcu_torture_wcount[i]));
-       }
-       cnt += sprintf(&page[cnt], "\n");
-       if (cur_ops->stats)
-               cnt += cur_ops->stats(&page[cnt]);
-       return cnt;
-}
-
-/*
- * Print torture statistics.  Caller must ensure that there is only
- * one call to this function at a given time!!!  This is normally
- * accomplished by relying on the module system to only have one copy
- * of the module loaded, and then by giving the rcu_torture_stats
- * kthread full control (or the init/cleanup functions when rcu_torture_stats
- * thread is not running).
- */
-static void
-rcu_torture_stats_print(void)
-{
-       int cnt;
-
-       cnt = rcu_torture_printk(printk_buf);
-       pr_alert("%s", printk_buf);
-}
-
-/*
- * Periodically prints torture statistics, if periodic statistics printing
- * was specified via the stat_interval module parameter.
- *
- * No need to worry about fullstop here, since this one doesn't reference
- * volatile state or register callbacks.
- */
-static int
-rcu_torture_stats(void *arg)
-{
-       VERBOSE_PRINTK_STRING("rcu_torture_stats task started");
-       do {
-               schedule_timeout_interruptible(stat_interval * HZ);
-               rcu_torture_stats_print();
-               rcutorture_shutdown_absorb("rcu_torture_stats");
-       } while (!kthread_should_stop());
-       VERBOSE_PRINTK_STRING("rcu_torture_stats task stopping");
-       return 0;
-}
-
-static int rcu_idle_cpu;       /* Force all torture tasks off this CPU */
-
-/* Shuffle tasks such that we allow @rcu_idle_cpu to become idle. A special case
- * is when @rcu_idle_cpu = -1, when we allow the tasks to run on all CPUs.
- */
-static void rcu_torture_shuffle_tasks(void)
-{
-       int i;
-
-       cpumask_setall(shuffle_tmp_mask);
-       get_online_cpus();
-
-       /* No point in shuffling if there is only one online CPU (ex: UP) */
-       if (num_online_cpus() == 1) {
-               put_online_cpus();
-               return;
-       }
-
-       if (rcu_idle_cpu != -1)
-               cpumask_clear_cpu(rcu_idle_cpu, shuffle_tmp_mask);
-
-       set_cpus_allowed_ptr(current, shuffle_tmp_mask);
-
-       if (reader_tasks) {
-               for (i = 0; i < nrealreaders; i++)
-                       if (reader_tasks[i])
-                               set_cpus_allowed_ptr(reader_tasks[i],
-                                                    shuffle_tmp_mask);
-       }
-       if (fakewriter_tasks) {
-               for (i = 0; i < nfakewriters; i++)
-                       if (fakewriter_tasks[i])
-                               set_cpus_allowed_ptr(fakewriter_tasks[i],
-                                                    shuffle_tmp_mask);
-       }
-       if (writer_task)
-               set_cpus_allowed_ptr(writer_task, shuffle_tmp_mask);
-       if (stats_task)
-               set_cpus_allowed_ptr(stats_task, shuffle_tmp_mask);
-       if (stutter_task)
-               set_cpus_allowed_ptr(stutter_task, shuffle_tmp_mask);
-       if (fqs_task)
-               set_cpus_allowed_ptr(fqs_task, shuffle_tmp_mask);
-       if (shutdown_task)
-               set_cpus_allowed_ptr(shutdown_task, shuffle_tmp_mask);
-#ifdef CONFIG_HOTPLUG_CPU
-       if (onoff_task)
-               set_cpus_allowed_ptr(onoff_task, shuffle_tmp_mask);
-#endif /* #ifdef CONFIG_HOTPLUG_CPU */
-       if (stall_task)
-               set_cpus_allowed_ptr(stall_task, shuffle_tmp_mask);
-       if (barrier_cbs_tasks)
-               for (i = 0; i < n_barrier_cbs; i++)
-                       if (barrier_cbs_tasks[i])
-                               set_cpus_allowed_ptr(barrier_cbs_tasks[i],
-                                                    shuffle_tmp_mask);
-       if (barrier_task)
-               set_cpus_allowed_ptr(barrier_task, shuffle_tmp_mask);
-
-       if (rcu_idle_cpu == -1)
-               rcu_idle_cpu = num_online_cpus() - 1;
-       else
-               rcu_idle_cpu--;
-
-       put_online_cpus();
-}
-
-/* Shuffle tasks across CPUs, with the intent of allowing each CPU in the
- * system to become idle at a time and cut off its timer ticks. This is meant
- * to test the support for such tickless idle CPU in RCU.
- */
-static int
-rcu_torture_shuffle(void *arg)
-{
-       VERBOSE_PRINTK_STRING("rcu_torture_shuffle task started");
-       do {
-               schedule_timeout_interruptible(shuffle_interval * HZ);
-               rcu_torture_shuffle_tasks();
-               rcutorture_shutdown_absorb("rcu_torture_shuffle");
-       } while (!kthread_should_stop());
-       VERBOSE_PRINTK_STRING("rcu_torture_shuffle task stopping");
-       return 0;
-}
-
-/* Cause the rcutorture test to "stutter", starting and stopping all
- * threads periodically.
- */
-static int
-rcu_torture_stutter(void *arg)
-{
-       VERBOSE_PRINTK_STRING("rcu_torture_stutter task started");
-       do {
-               schedule_timeout_interruptible(stutter * HZ);
-               stutter_pause_test = 1;
-               if (!kthread_should_stop())
-                       schedule_timeout_interruptible(stutter * HZ);
-               stutter_pause_test = 0;
-               rcutorture_shutdown_absorb("rcu_torture_stutter");
-       } while (!kthread_should_stop());
-       VERBOSE_PRINTK_STRING("rcu_torture_stutter task stopping");
-       return 0;
-}
-
-static inline void
-rcu_torture_print_module_parms(struct rcu_torture_ops *cur_ops, const char *tag)
-{
-       pr_alert("%s" TORTURE_FLAG
-                "--- %s: nreaders=%d nfakewriters=%d "
-                "stat_interval=%d verbose=%d test_no_idle_hz=%d "
-                "shuffle_interval=%d stutter=%d irqreader=%d "
-                "fqs_duration=%d fqs_holdoff=%d fqs_stutter=%d "
-                "test_boost=%d/%d test_boost_interval=%d "
-                "test_boost_duration=%d shutdown_secs=%d "
-                "stall_cpu=%d stall_cpu_holdoff=%d "
-                "n_barrier_cbs=%d "
-                "onoff_interval=%d onoff_holdoff=%d\n",
-                torture_type, tag, nrealreaders, nfakewriters,
-                stat_interval, verbose, test_no_idle_hz, shuffle_interval,
-                stutter, irqreader, fqs_duration, fqs_holdoff, fqs_stutter,
-                test_boost, cur_ops->can_boost,
-                test_boost_interval, test_boost_duration, shutdown_secs,
-                stall_cpu, stall_cpu_holdoff,
-                n_barrier_cbs,
-                onoff_interval, onoff_holdoff);
-}
-
-static struct notifier_block rcutorture_shutdown_nb = {
-       .notifier_call = rcutorture_shutdown_notify,
-};
-
-static void rcutorture_booster_cleanup(int cpu)
-{
-       struct task_struct *t;
-
-       if (boost_tasks[cpu] == NULL)
-               return;
-       mutex_lock(&boost_mutex);
-       VERBOSE_PRINTK_STRING("Stopping rcu_torture_boost task");
-       t = boost_tasks[cpu];
-       boost_tasks[cpu] = NULL;
-       mutex_unlock(&boost_mutex);
-
-       /* This must be outside of the mutex, otherwise deadlock! */
-       kthread_stop(t);
-       boost_tasks[cpu] = NULL;
-}
-
-static int rcutorture_booster_init(int cpu)
-{
-       int retval;
-
-       if (boost_tasks[cpu] != NULL)
-               return 0;  /* Already created, nothing more to do. */
-
-       /* Don't allow time recalculation while creating a new task. */
-       mutex_lock(&boost_mutex);
-       VERBOSE_PRINTK_STRING("Creating rcu_torture_boost task");
-       boost_tasks[cpu] = kthread_create_on_node(rcu_torture_boost, NULL,
-                                                 cpu_to_node(cpu),
-                                                 "rcu_torture_boost");
-       if (IS_ERR(boost_tasks[cpu])) {
-               retval = PTR_ERR(boost_tasks[cpu]);
-               VERBOSE_PRINTK_STRING("rcu_torture_boost task create failed");
-               n_rcu_torture_boost_ktrerror++;
-               boost_tasks[cpu] = NULL;
-               mutex_unlock(&boost_mutex);
-               return retval;
-       }
-       kthread_bind(boost_tasks[cpu], cpu);
-       wake_up_process(boost_tasks[cpu]);
-       mutex_unlock(&boost_mutex);
-       return 0;
-}
-
-/*
- * Cause the rcutorture test to shutdown the system after the test has
- * run for the time specified by the shutdown_secs module parameter.
- */
-static int
-rcu_torture_shutdown(void *arg)
-{
-       long delta;
-       unsigned long jiffies_snap;
-
-       VERBOSE_PRINTK_STRING("rcu_torture_shutdown task started");
-       jiffies_snap = ACCESS_ONCE(jiffies);
-       while (ULONG_CMP_LT(jiffies_snap, shutdown_time) &&
-              !kthread_should_stop()) {
-               delta = shutdown_time - jiffies_snap;
-               if (verbose)
-                       pr_alert("%s" TORTURE_FLAG
-                                "rcu_torture_shutdown task: %lu jiffies remaining\n",
-                                torture_type, delta);
-               schedule_timeout_interruptible(delta);
-               jiffies_snap = ACCESS_ONCE(jiffies);
-       }
-       if (kthread_should_stop()) {
-               VERBOSE_PRINTK_STRING("rcu_torture_shutdown task stopping");
-               return 0;
-       }
-
-       /* OK, shut down the system. */
-
-       VERBOSE_PRINTK_STRING("rcu_torture_shutdown task shutting down system");
-       shutdown_task = NULL;   /* Avoid self-kill deadlock. */
-       rcu_torture_cleanup();  /* Get the success/failure message. */
-       kernel_power_off();     /* Shut down the system. */
-       return 0;
-}
-
-#ifdef CONFIG_HOTPLUG_CPU
-
-/*
- * Execute random CPU-hotplug operations at the interval specified
- * by the onoff_interval.
- */
-static int
-rcu_torture_onoff(void *arg)
-{
-       int cpu;
-       unsigned long delta;
-       int maxcpu = -1;
-       DEFINE_RCU_RANDOM(rand);
-       int ret;
-       unsigned long starttime;
-
-       VERBOSE_PRINTK_STRING("rcu_torture_onoff task started");
-       for_each_online_cpu(cpu)
-               maxcpu = cpu;
-       WARN_ON(maxcpu < 0);
-       if (onoff_holdoff > 0) {
-               VERBOSE_PRINTK_STRING("rcu_torture_onoff begin holdoff");
-               schedule_timeout_interruptible(onoff_holdoff * HZ);
-               VERBOSE_PRINTK_STRING("rcu_torture_onoff end holdoff");
-       }
-       while (!kthread_should_stop()) {
-               cpu = (rcu_random(&rand) >> 4) % (maxcpu + 1);
-               if (cpu_online(cpu) && cpu_is_hotpluggable(cpu)) {
-                       if (verbose)
-                               pr_alert("%s" TORTURE_FLAG
-                                        "rcu_torture_onoff task: offlining %d\n",
-                                        torture_type, cpu);
-                       starttime = jiffies;
-                       n_offline_attempts++;
-                       ret = cpu_down(cpu);
-                       if (ret) {
-                               if (verbose)
-                                       pr_alert("%s" TORTURE_FLAG
-                                                "rcu_torture_onoff task: offline %d failed: errno %d\n",
-                                                torture_type, cpu, ret);
-                       } else {
-                               if (verbose)
-                                       pr_alert("%s" TORTURE_FLAG
-                                                "rcu_torture_onoff task: offlined %d\n",
-                                                torture_type, cpu);
-                               n_offline_successes++;
-                               delta = jiffies - starttime;
-                               sum_offline += delta;
-                               if (min_offline < 0) {
-                                       min_offline = delta;
-                                       max_offline = delta;
-                               }
-                               if (min_offline > delta)
-                                       min_offline = delta;
-                               if (max_offline < delta)
-                                       max_offline = delta;
-                       }
-               } else if (cpu_is_hotpluggable(cpu)) {
-                       if (verbose)
-                               pr_alert("%s" TORTURE_FLAG
-                                        "rcu_torture_onoff task: onlining %d\n",
-                                        torture_type, cpu);
-                       starttime = jiffies;
-                       n_online_attempts++;
-                       ret = cpu_up(cpu);
-                       if (ret) {
-                               if (verbose)
-                                       pr_alert("%s" TORTURE_FLAG
-                                                "rcu_torture_onoff task: online %d failed: errno %d\n",
-                                                torture_type, cpu, ret);
-                       } else {
-                               if (verbose)
-                                       pr_alert("%s" TORTURE_FLAG
-                                                "rcu_torture_onoff task: onlined %d\n",
-                                                torture_type, cpu);
-                               n_online_successes++;
-                               delta = jiffies - starttime;
-                               sum_online += delta;
-                               if (min_online < 0) {
-                                       min_online = delta;
-                                       max_online = delta;
-                               }
-                               if (min_online > delta)
-                                       min_online = delta;
-                               if (max_online < delta)
-                                       max_online = delta;
-                       }
-               }
-               schedule_timeout_interruptible(onoff_interval * HZ);
-       }
-       VERBOSE_PRINTK_STRING("rcu_torture_onoff task stopping");
-       return 0;
-}
-
-static int
-rcu_torture_onoff_init(void)
-{
-       int ret;
-
-       if (onoff_interval <= 0)
-               return 0;
-       onoff_task = kthread_run(rcu_torture_onoff, NULL, "rcu_torture_onoff");
-       if (IS_ERR(onoff_task)) {
-               ret = PTR_ERR(onoff_task);
-               onoff_task = NULL;
-               return ret;
-       }
-       return 0;
-}
-
-static void rcu_torture_onoff_cleanup(void)
-{
-       if (onoff_task == NULL)
-               return;
-       VERBOSE_PRINTK_STRING("Stopping rcu_torture_onoff task");
-       kthread_stop(onoff_task);
-       onoff_task = NULL;
-}
-
-#else /* #ifdef CONFIG_HOTPLUG_CPU */
-
-static int
-rcu_torture_onoff_init(void)
-{
-       return 0;
-}
-
-static void rcu_torture_onoff_cleanup(void)
-{
-}
-
-#endif /* #else #ifdef CONFIG_HOTPLUG_CPU */
-
-/*
- * CPU-stall kthread.  It waits as specified by stall_cpu_holdoff, then
- * induces a CPU stall for the time specified by stall_cpu.
- */
-static int rcu_torture_stall(void *args)
-{
-       unsigned long stop_at;
-
-       VERBOSE_PRINTK_STRING("rcu_torture_stall task started");
-       if (stall_cpu_holdoff > 0) {
-               VERBOSE_PRINTK_STRING("rcu_torture_stall begin holdoff");
-               schedule_timeout_interruptible(stall_cpu_holdoff * HZ);
-               VERBOSE_PRINTK_STRING("rcu_torture_stall end holdoff");
-       }
-       if (!kthread_should_stop()) {
-               stop_at = get_seconds() + stall_cpu;
-               /* RCU CPU stall is expected behavior in following code. */
-               pr_alert("rcu_torture_stall start.\n");
-               rcu_read_lock();
-               preempt_disable();
-               while (ULONG_CMP_LT(get_seconds(), stop_at))
-                       continue;  /* Induce RCU CPU stall warning. */
-               preempt_enable();
-               rcu_read_unlock();
-               pr_alert("rcu_torture_stall end.\n");
-       }
-       rcutorture_shutdown_absorb("rcu_torture_stall");
-       while (!kthread_should_stop())
-               schedule_timeout_interruptible(10 * HZ);
-       return 0;
-}
-
-/* Spawn CPU-stall kthread, if stall_cpu specified. */
-static int __init rcu_torture_stall_init(void)
-{
-       int ret;
-
-       if (stall_cpu <= 0)
-               return 0;
-       stall_task = kthread_run(rcu_torture_stall, NULL, "rcu_torture_stall");
-       if (IS_ERR(stall_task)) {
-               ret = PTR_ERR(stall_task);
-               stall_task = NULL;
-               return ret;
-       }
-       return 0;
-}
-
-/* Clean up after the CPU-stall kthread, if one was spawned. */
-static void rcu_torture_stall_cleanup(void)
-{
-       if (stall_task == NULL)
-               return;
-       VERBOSE_PRINTK_STRING("Stopping rcu_torture_stall_task.");
-       kthread_stop(stall_task);
-       stall_task = NULL;
-}
-
-/* Callback function for RCU barrier testing. */
-void rcu_torture_barrier_cbf(struct rcu_head *rcu)
-{
-       atomic_inc(&barrier_cbs_invoked);
-}
-
-/* kthread function to register callbacks used to test RCU barriers. */
-static int rcu_torture_barrier_cbs(void *arg)
-{
-       long myid = (long)arg;
-       bool lastphase = 0;
-       struct rcu_head rcu;
-
-       init_rcu_head_on_stack(&rcu);
-       VERBOSE_PRINTK_STRING("rcu_torture_barrier_cbs task started");
-       set_user_nice(current, 19);
-       do {
-               wait_event(barrier_cbs_wq[myid],
-                          barrier_phase != lastphase ||
-                          kthread_should_stop() ||
-                          fullstop != FULLSTOP_DONTSTOP);
-               lastphase = barrier_phase;
-               smp_mb(); /* ensure barrier_phase load before ->call(). */
-               if (kthread_should_stop() || fullstop != FULLSTOP_DONTSTOP)
-                       break;
-               cur_ops->call(&rcu, rcu_torture_barrier_cbf);
-               if (atomic_dec_and_test(&barrier_cbs_count))
-                       wake_up(&barrier_wq);
-       } while (!kthread_should_stop() && fullstop == FULLSTOP_DONTSTOP);
-       VERBOSE_PRINTK_STRING("rcu_torture_barrier_cbs task stopping");
-       rcutorture_shutdown_absorb("rcu_torture_barrier_cbs");
-       while (!kthread_should_stop())
-               schedule_timeout_interruptible(1);
-       cur_ops->cb_barrier();
-       destroy_rcu_head_on_stack(&rcu);
-       return 0;
-}
-
-/* kthread function to drive and coordinate RCU barrier testing. */
-static int rcu_torture_barrier(void *arg)
-{
-       int i;
-
-       VERBOSE_PRINTK_STRING("rcu_torture_barrier task starting");
-       do {
-               atomic_set(&barrier_cbs_invoked, 0);
-               atomic_set(&barrier_cbs_count, n_barrier_cbs);
-               smp_mb(); /* Ensure barrier_phase after prior assignments. */
-               barrier_phase = !barrier_phase;
-               for (i = 0; i < n_barrier_cbs; i++)
-                       wake_up(&barrier_cbs_wq[i]);
-               wait_event(barrier_wq,
-                          atomic_read(&barrier_cbs_count) == 0 ||
-                          kthread_should_stop() ||
-                          fullstop != FULLSTOP_DONTSTOP);
-               if (kthread_should_stop() || fullstop != FULLSTOP_DONTSTOP)
-                       break;
-               n_barrier_attempts++;
-               cur_ops->cb_barrier();
-               if (atomic_read(&barrier_cbs_invoked) != n_barrier_cbs) {
-                       n_rcu_torture_barrier_error++;
-                       WARN_ON_ONCE(1);
-               }
-               n_barrier_successes++;
-               schedule_timeout_interruptible(HZ / 10);
-       } while (!kthread_should_stop() && fullstop == FULLSTOP_DONTSTOP);
-       VERBOSE_PRINTK_STRING("rcu_torture_barrier task stopping");
-       rcutorture_shutdown_absorb("rcu_torture_barrier");
-       while (!kthread_should_stop())
-               schedule_timeout_interruptible(1);
-       return 0;
-}
-
-/* Initialize RCU barrier testing. */
-static int rcu_torture_barrier_init(void)
-{
-       int i;
-       int ret;
-
-       if (n_barrier_cbs == 0)
-               return 0;
-       if (cur_ops->call == NULL || cur_ops->cb_barrier == NULL) {
-               pr_alert("%s" TORTURE_FLAG
-                        " Call or barrier ops missing for %s,\n",
-                        torture_type, cur_ops->name);
-               pr_alert("%s" TORTURE_FLAG
-                        " RCU barrier testing omitted from run.\n",
-                        torture_type);
-               return 0;
-       }
-       atomic_set(&barrier_cbs_count, 0);
-       atomic_set(&barrier_cbs_invoked, 0);
-       barrier_cbs_tasks =
-               kzalloc(n_barrier_cbs * sizeof(barrier_cbs_tasks[0]),
-                       GFP_KERNEL);
-       barrier_cbs_wq =
-               kzalloc(n_barrier_cbs * sizeof(barrier_cbs_wq[0]),
-                       GFP_KERNEL);
-       if (barrier_cbs_tasks == NULL || !barrier_cbs_wq)
-               return -ENOMEM;
-       for (i = 0; i < n_barrier_cbs; i++) {
-               init_waitqueue_head(&barrier_cbs_wq[i]);
-               barrier_cbs_tasks[i] = kthread_run(rcu_torture_barrier_cbs,
-                                                  (void *)(long)i,
-                                                  "rcu_torture_barrier_cbs");
-               if (IS_ERR(barrier_cbs_tasks[i])) {
-                       ret = PTR_ERR(barrier_cbs_tasks[i]);
-                       VERBOSE_PRINTK_ERRSTRING("Failed to create rcu_torture_barrier_cbs");
-                       barrier_cbs_tasks[i] = NULL;
-                       return ret;
-               }
-       }
-       barrier_task = kthread_run(rcu_torture_barrier, NULL,
-                                  "rcu_torture_barrier");
-       if (IS_ERR(barrier_task)) {
-               ret = PTR_ERR(barrier_task);
-               VERBOSE_PRINTK_ERRSTRING("Failed to create rcu_torture_barrier");
-               barrier_task = NULL;
-       }
-       return 0;
-}
-
-/* Clean up after RCU barrier testing. */
-static void rcu_torture_barrier_cleanup(void)
-{
-       int i;
-
-       if (barrier_task != NULL) {
-               VERBOSE_PRINTK_STRING("Stopping rcu_torture_barrier task");
-               kthread_stop(barrier_task);
-               barrier_task = NULL;
-       }
-       if (barrier_cbs_tasks != NULL) {
-               for (i = 0; i < n_barrier_cbs; i++) {
-                       if (barrier_cbs_tasks[i] != NULL) {
-                               VERBOSE_PRINTK_STRING("Stopping rcu_torture_barrier_cbs task");
-                               kthread_stop(barrier_cbs_tasks[i]);
-                               barrier_cbs_tasks[i] = NULL;
-                       }
-               }
-               kfree(barrier_cbs_tasks);
-               barrier_cbs_tasks = NULL;
-       }
-       if (barrier_cbs_wq != NULL) {
-               kfree(barrier_cbs_wq);
-               barrier_cbs_wq = NULL;
-       }
-}
-
-static int rcutorture_cpu_notify(struct notifier_block *self,
-                                unsigned long action, void *hcpu)
-{
-       long cpu = (long)hcpu;
-
-       switch (action) {
-       case CPU_ONLINE:
-       case CPU_DOWN_FAILED:
-               (void)rcutorture_booster_init(cpu);
-               break;
-       case CPU_DOWN_PREPARE:
-               rcutorture_booster_cleanup(cpu);
-               break;
-       default:
-               break;
-       }
-       return NOTIFY_OK;
-}
-
-static struct notifier_block rcutorture_cpu_nb = {
-       .notifier_call = rcutorture_cpu_notify,
-};
-
-static void
-rcu_torture_cleanup(void)
-{
-       int i;
-
-       mutex_lock(&fullstop_mutex);
-       rcutorture_record_test_transition();
-       if (fullstop == FULLSTOP_SHUTDOWN) {
-               pr_warn(/* but going down anyway, so... */
-                      "Concurrent 'rmmod rcutorture' and shutdown illegal!\n");
-               mutex_unlock(&fullstop_mutex);
-               schedule_timeout_uninterruptible(10);
-               if (cur_ops->cb_barrier != NULL)
-                       cur_ops->cb_barrier();
-               return;
-       }
-       fullstop = FULLSTOP_RMMOD;
-       mutex_unlock(&fullstop_mutex);
-       unregister_reboot_notifier(&rcutorture_shutdown_nb);
-       rcu_torture_barrier_cleanup();
-       rcu_torture_stall_cleanup();
-       if (stutter_task) {
-               VERBOSE_PRINTK_STRING("Stopping rcu_torture_stutter task");
-               kthread_stop(stutter_task);
-       }
-       stutter_task = NULL;
-       if (shuffler_task) {
-               VERBOSE_PRINTK_STRING("Stopping rcu_torture_shuffle task");
-               kthread_stop(shuffler_task);
-               free_cpumask_var(shuffle_tmp_mask);
-       }
-       shuffler_task = NULL;
-
-       if (writer_task) {
-               VERBOSE_PRINTK_STRING("Stopping rcu_torture_writer task");
-               kthread_stop(writer_task);
-       }
-       writer_task = NULL;
-
-       if (reader_tasks) {
-               for (i = 0; i < nrealreaders; i++) {
-                       if (reader_tasks[i]) {
-                               VERBOSE_PRINTK_STRING(
-                                       "Stopping rcu_torture_reader task");
-                               kthread_stop(reader_tasks[i]);
-                       }
-                       reader_tasks[i] = NULL;
-               }
-               kfree(reader_tasks);
-               reader_tasks = NULL;
-       }
-       rcu_torture_current = NULL;
-
-       if (fakewriter_tasks) {
-               for (i = 0; i < nfakewriters; i++) {
-                       if (fakewriter_tasks[i]) {
-                               VERBOSE_PRINTK_STRING(
-                                       "Stopping rcu_torture_fakewriter task");
-                               kthread_stop(fakewriter_tasks[i]);
-                       }
-                       fakewriter_tasks[i] = NULL;
-               }
-               kfree(fakewriter_tasks);
-               fakewriter_tasks = NULL;
-       }
-
-       if (stats_task) {
-               VERBOSE_PRINTK_STRING("Stopping rcu_torture_stats task");
-               kthread_stop(stats_task);
-       }
-       stats_task = NULL;
-
-       if (fqs_task) {
-               VERBOSE_PRINTK_STRING("Stopping rcu_torture_fqs task");
-               kthread_stop(fqs_task);
-       }
-       fqs_task = NULL;
-       if ((test_boost == 1 && cur_ops->can_boost) ||
-           test_boost == 2) {
-               unregister_cpu_notifier(&rcutorture_cpu_nb);
-               for_each_possible_cpu(i)
-                       rcutorture_booster_cleanup(i);
-       }
-       if (shutdown_task != NULL) {
-               VERBOSE_PRINTK_STRING("Stopping rcu_torture_shutdown task");
-               kthread_stop(shutdown_task);
-       }
-       shutdown_task = NULL;
-       rcu_torture_onoff_cleanup();
-
-       /* Wait for all RCU callbacks to fire.  */
-
-       if (cur_ops->cb_barrier != NULL)
-               cur_ops->cb_barrier();
-
-       rcu_torture_stats_print();  /* -After- the stats thread is stopped! */
-
-       if (atomic_read(&n_rcu_torture_error) || n_rcu_torture_barrier_error)
-               rcu_torture_print_module_parms(cur_ops, "End of test: FAILURE");
-       else if (n_online_successes != n_online_attempts ||
-                n_offline_successes != n_offline_attempts)
-               rcu_torture_print_module_parms(cur_ops,
-                                              "End of test: RCU_HOTPLUG");
-       else
-               rcu_torture_print_module_parms(cur_ops, "End of test: SUCCESS");
-}
-
-#ifdef CONFIG_DEBUG_OBJECTS_RCU_HEAD
-static void rcu_torture_leak_cb(struct rcu_head *rhp)
-{
-}
-
-static void rcu_torture_err_cb(struct rcu_head *rhp)
-{
-       /*
-        * This -might- happen due to race conditions, but is unlikely.
-        * The scenario that leads to this happening is that the
-        * first of the pair of duplicate callbacks is queued,
-        * someone else starts a grace period that includes that
-        * callback, then the second of the pair must wait for the
-        * next grace period.  Unlikely, but can happen.  If it
-        * does happen, the debug-objects subsystem won't have splatted.
-        */
-       pr_alert("rcutorture: duplicated callback was invoked.\n");
-}
-#endif /* #ifdef CONFIG_DEBUG_OBJECTS_RCU_HEAD */
-
-/*
- * Verify that double-free causes debug-objects to complain, but only
- * if CONFIG_DEBUG_OBJECTS_RCU_HEAD=y.  Otherwise, say that the test
- * cannot be carried out.
- */
-static void rcu_test_debug_objects(void)
-{
-#ifdef CONFIG_DEBUG_OBJECTS_RCU_HEAD
-       struct rcu_head rh1;
-       struct rcu_head rh2;
-
-       init_rcu_head_on_stack(&rh1);
-       init_rcu_head_on_stack(&rh2);
-       pr_alert("rcutorture: WARN: Duplicate call_rcu() test starting.\n");
-
-       /* Try to queue the rh2 pair of callbacks for the same grace period. */
-       preempt_disable(); /* Prevent preemption from interrupting test. */
-       rcu_read_lock(); /* Make it impossible to finish a grace period. */
-       call_rcu(&rh1, rcu_torture_leak_cb); /* Start grace period. */
-       local_irq_disable(); /* Make it harder to start a new grace period. */
-       call_rcu(&rh2, rcu_torture_leak_cb);
-       call_rcu(&rh2, rcu_torture_err_cb); /* Duplicate callback. */
-       local_irq_enable();
-       rcu_read_unlock();
-       preempt_enable();
-
-       /* Wait for them all to get done so we can safely return. */
-       rcu_barrier();
-       pr_alert("rcutorture: WARN: Duplicate call_rcu() test complete.\n");
-       destroy_rcu_head_on_stack(&rh1);
-       destroy_rcu_head_on_stack(&rh2);
-#else /* #ifdef CONFIG_DEBUG_OBJECTS_RCU_HEAD */
-       pr_alert("rcutorture: !CONFIG_DEBUG_OBJECTS_RCU_HEAD, not testing duplicate call_rcu()\n");
-#endif /* #else #ifdef CONFIG_DEBUG_OBJECTS_RCU_HEAD */
-}
-
-static int __init
-rcu_torture_init(void)
-{
-       int i;
-       int cpu;
-       int firsterr = 0;
-       int retval;
-       static struct rcu_torture_ops *torture_ops[] = {
-               &rcu_ops, &rcu_bh_ops, &srcu_ops, &sched_ops,
-       };
-
-       mutex_lock(&fullstop_mutex);
-
-       /* Process args and tell the world that the torturer is on the job. */
-       for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(torture_ops); i++) {
-               cur_ops = torture_ops[i];
-               if (strcmp(torture_type, cur_ops->name) == 0)
-                       break;
-       }
-       if (i == ARRAY_SIZE(torture_ops)) {
-               pr_alert("rcu-torture: invalid torture type: \"%s\"\n",
-                        torture_type);
-               pr_alert("rcu-torture types:");
-               for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(torture_ops); i++)
-                       pr_alert(" %s", torture_ops[i]->name);
-               pr_alert("\n");
-               mutex_unlock(&fullstop_mutex);
-               return -EINVAL;
-       }
-       if (cur_ops->fqs == NULL && fqs_duration != 0) {
-               pr_alert("rcu-torture: ->fqs NULL and non-zero fqs_duration, fqs disabled.\n");
-               fqs_duration = 0;
-       }
-       if (cur_ops->init)
-               cur_ops->init(); /* no "goto unwind" prior to this point!!! */
-
-       if (nreaders >= 0)
-               nrealreaders = nreaders;
-       else
-               nrealreaders = 2 * num_online_cpus();
-       rcu_torture_print_module_parms(cur_ops, "Start of test");
-       fullstop = FULLSTOP_DONTSTOP;
-
-       /* Set up the freelist. */
-
-       INIT_LIST_HEAD(&rcu_torture_freelist);
-       for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(rcu_tortures); i++) {
-               rcu_tortures[i].rtort_mbtest = 0;
-               list_add_tail(&rcu_tortures[i].rtort_free,
-                             &rcu_torture_freelist);
-       }
-
-       /* Initialize the statistics so that each run gets its own numbers. */
-
-       rcu_torture_current = NULL;
-       rcu_torture_current_version = 0;
-       atomic_set(&n_rcu_torture_alloc, 0);
-       atomic_set(&n_rcu_torture_alloc_fail, 0);
-       atomic_set(&n_rcu_torture_free, 0);
-       atomic_set(&n_rcu_torture_mberror, 0);
-       atomic_set(&n_rcu_torture_error, 0);
-       n_rcu_torture_barrier_error = 0;
-       n_rcu_torture_boost_ktrerror = 0;
-       n_rcu_torture_boost_rterror = 0;
-       n_rcu_torture_boost_failure = 0;
-       n_rcu_torture_boosts = 0;
-       for (i = 0; i < RCU_TORTURE_PIPE_LEN + 1; i++)
-               atomic_set(&rcu_torture_wcount[i], 0);
-       for_each_possible_cpu(cpu) {
-               for (i = 0; i < RCU_TORTURE_PIPE_LEN + 1; i++) {
-                       per_cpu(rcu_torture_count, cpu)[i] = 0;
-                       per_cpu(rcu_torture_batch, cpu)[i] = 0;
-               }
-       }
-
-       /* Start up the kthreads. */
-
-       VERBOSE_PRINTK_STRING("Creating rcu_torture_writer task");
-       writer_task = kthread_create(rcu_torture_writer, NULL,
-                                    "rcu_torture_writer");
-       if (IS_ERR(writer_task)) {
-               firsterr = PTR_ERR(writer_task);
-               VERBOSE_PRINTK_ERRSTRING("Failed to create writer");
-               writer_task = NULL;
-               goto unwind;
-       }
-       wake_up_process(writer_task);
-       fakewriter_tasks = kzalloc(nfakewriters * sizeof(fakewriter_tasks[0]),
-                                  GFP_KERNEL);
-       if (fakewriter_tasks == NULL) {
-               VERBOSE_PRINTK_ERRSTRING("out of memory");
-               firsterr = -ENOMEM;
-               goto unwind;
-       }
-       for (i = 0; i < nfakewriters; i++) {
-               VERBOSE_PRINTK_STRING("Creating rcu_torture_fakewriter task");
-               fakewriter_tasks[i] = kthread_run(rcu_torture_fakewriter, NULL,
-                                                 "rcu_torture_fakewriter");
-               if (IS_ERR(fakewriter_tasks[i])) {
-                       firsterr = PTR_ERR(fakewriter_tasks[i]);
-                       VERBOSE_PRINTK_ERRSTRING("Failed to create fakewriter");
-                       fakewriter_tasks[i] = NULL;
-                       goto unwind;
-               }
-       }
-       reader_tasks = kzalloc(nrealreaders * sizeof(reader_tasks[0]),
-                              GFP_KERNEL);
-       if (reader_tasks == NULL) {
-               VERBOSE_PRINTK_ERRSTRING("out of memory");
-               firsterr = -ENOMEM;
-               goto unwind;
-       }
-       for (i = 0; i < nrealreaders; i++) {
-               VERBOSE_PRINTK_STRING("Creating rcu_torture_reader task");
-               reader_tasks[i] = kthread_run(rcu_torture_reader, NULL,
-                                             "rcu_torture_reader");
-               if (IS_ERR(reader_tasks[i])) {
-                       firsterr = PTR_ERR(reader_tasks[i]);
-                       VERBOSE_PRINTK_ERRSTRING("Failed to create reader");
-                       reader_tasks[i] = NULL;
-                       goto unwind;
-               }
-       }
-       if (stat_interval > 0) {
-               VERBOSE_PRINTK_STRING("Creating rcu_torture_stats task");
-               stats_task = kthread_run(rcu_torture_stats, NULL,
-                                       "rcu_torture_stats");
-               if (IS_ERR(stats_task)) {
-                       firsterr = PTR_ERR(stats_task);
-                       VERBOSE_PRINTK_ERRSTRING("Failed to create stats");
-                       stats_task = NULL;
-                       goto unwind;
-               }
-       }
-       if (test_no_idle_hz) {
-               rcu_idle_cpu = num_online_cpus() - 1;
-
-               if (!alloc_cpumask_var(&shuffle_tmp_mask, GFP_KERNEL)) {
-                       firsterr = -ENOMEM;
-                       VERBOSE_PRINTK_ERRSTRING("Failed to alloc mask");
-                       goto unwind;
-               }
-
-               /* Create the shuffler thread */
-               shuffler_task = kthread_run(rcu_torture_shuffle, NULL,
-                                         "rcu_torture_shuffle");
-               if (IS_ERR(shuffler_task)) {
-                       free_cpumask_var(shuffle_tmp_mask);
-                       firsterr = PTR_ERR(shuffler_task);
-                       VERBOSE_PRINTK_ERRSTRING("Failed to create shuffler");
-                       shuffler_task = NULL;
-                       goto unwind;
-               }
-       }
-       if (stutter < 0)
-               stutter = 0;
-       if (stutter) {
-               /* Create the stutter thread */
-               stutter_task = kthread_run(rcu_torture_stutter, NULL,
-                                         "rcu_torture_stutter");
-               if (IS_ERR(stutter_task)) {
-                       firsterr = PTR_ERR(stutter_task);
-                       VERBOSE_PRINTK_ERRSTRING("Failed to create stutter");
-                       stutter_task = NULL;
-                       goto unwind;
-               }
-       }
-       if (fqs_duration < 0)
-               fqs_duration = 0;
-       if (fqs_duration) {
-               /* Create the stutter thread */
-               fqs_task = kthread_run(rcu_torture_fqs, NULL,
-                                      "rcu_torture_fqs");
-               if (IS_ERR(fqs_task)) {
-                       firsterr = PTR_ERR(fqs_task);
-                       VERBOSE_PRINTK_ERRSTRING("Failed to create fqs");
-                       fqs_task = NULL;
-                       goto unwind;
-               }
-       }
-       if (test_boost_interval < 1)
-               test_boost_interval = 1;
-       if (test_boost_duration < 2)
-               test_boost_duration = 2;
-       if ((test_boost == 1 && cur_ops->can_boost) ||
-           test_boost == 2) {
-
-               boost_starttime = jiffies + test_boost_interval * HZ;
-               register_cpu_notifier(&rcutorture_cpu_nb);
-               for_each_possible_cpu(i) {
-                       if (cpu_is_offline(i))
-                               continue;  /* Heuristic: CPU can go offline. */
-                       retval = rcutorture_booster_init(i);
-                       if (retval < 0) {
-                               firsterr = retval;
-                               goto unwind;
-                       }
-               }
-       }
-       if (shutdown_secs > 0) {
-               shutdown_time = jiffies + shutdown_secs * HZ;
-               shutdown_task = kthread_create(rcu_torture_shutdown, NULL,
-                                              "rcu_torture_shutdown");
-               if (IS_ERR(shutdown_task)) {
-                       firsterr = PTR_ERR(shutdown_task);
-                       VERBOSE_PRINTK_ERRSTRING("Failed to create shutdown");
-                       shutdown_task = NULL;
-                       goto unwind;
-               }
-               wake_up_process(shutdown_task);
-       }
-       i = rcu_torture_onoff_init();
-       if (i != 0) {
-               firsterr = i;
-               goto unwind;
-       }
-       register_reboot_notifier(&rcutorture_shutdown_nb);
-       i = rcu_torture_stall_init();
-       if (i != 0) {
-               firsterr = i;
-               goto unwind;
-       }
-       retval = rcu_torture_barrier_init();
-       if (retval != 0) {
-               firsterr = retval;
-               goto unwind;
-       }
-       if (object_debug)
-               rcu_test_debug_objects();
-       rcutorture_record_test_transition();
-       mutex_unlock(&fullstop_mutex);
-       return 0;
-
-unwind:
-       mutex_unlock(&fullstop_mutex);
-       rcu_torture_cleanup();
-       return firsterr;
-}
-
-module_init(rcu_torture_init);
-module_exit(rcu_torture_cleanup);