x86/unwind: Add new unwind interface and implementations

x86/unwind: Add new unwind interface and implementations

The x86 stack dump code is a bit of a mess.  dump_trace() uses
callbacks, and each user of it seems to have slightly different
requirements, so there are several slightly different callbacks floating
around.

Also there are some upcoming features which will need more changes to
the stack dump code, including the printing of stack pt_regs, reliable
stack detection for live patching, and a DWARF unwinder.  Each of those
features would at least need more callbacks and/or callback interfaces,
resulting in a much bigger mess than what we have today.

Before doing all that, we should try to clean things up and replace
dump_trace() with something cleaner and more flexible.

The new unwinder is a simple state machine which was heavily inspired by
a suggestion from Andy Lutomirski:

  https://lkml.kernel.org/r/CALCETrUbNTqaM2LRyXGRx=kVLRPeY5A3Pc6k4TtQxF320rUT=w@mail.gmail.com

It's also similar to the libunwind API:

  http://www.nongnu.org/libunwind/man/libunwind(3).html

Some if its advantages:

- Simplicity: no more callback sprawl and less code duplication.

- Flexibility: it allows the caller to stop and inspect the stack state
  at each step in the unwinding process.

- Modularity: the unwinder code, console stack dump code, and stack
  metadata analysis code are all better separated so that changing one
  of them shouldn't have much of an impact on any of the others.

Two implementations are added which conform to the new unwind interface:

- The frame pointer unwinder which is used for CONFIG_FRAME_POINTER=y.

- The "guess" unwinder which is used for CONFIG_FRAME_POINTER=n.  This
  isn't an "unwinder" per se.  All it does is scan the stack for kernel
  text addresses.  But with no frame pointers, guesses are better than
  nothing in most cases.

Suggested-by: Andy Lutomirski <luto@amacapital.net>
Signed-off-by: Josh Poimboeuf <jpoimboe@redhat.com>
Cc: Andy Lutomirski <luto@kernel.org>
Cc: Borislav Petkov <bp@alien8.de>
Cc: Brian Gerst <brgerst@gmail.com>
Cc: Byungchul Park <byungchul.park@lge.com>
Cc: Denys Vlasenko <dvlasenk@redhat.com>
Cc: Frederic Weisbecker <fweisbec@gmail.com>
Cc: H. Peter Anvin <hpa@zytor.com>
Cc: Kees Cook <keescook@chromium.org>
Cc: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: Nilay Vaish <nilayvaish@gmail.com>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Cc: Steven Rostedt <rostedt@goodmis.org>
Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/6dc2f909c47533d213d0505f0a113e64585bec82.1474045023.git.jpoimboe@redhat.com
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>