1 Index of Documentation for People Interested in Writing and/or Understanding the Linux Kernel
2 =============================================================================================
4 Juan-Mariano de Goyeneche <jmseyas@dit.upm.es>
7 The latest version of this document may be found at:
8 :http://www.dit.upm.es/~jmseyas/linux/kernel/hackers-docs.html
10 The need for a document like this one became apparent in the
11 linux-kernel mailing list as the same questions, asking for pointers
12 to information, appeared again and again.
14 Fortunately, as more and more people get to GNU/Linux, more and more
15 get interested in the Kernel. But reading the sources is not always
16 enough. It is easy to understand the code, but miss the concepts, the
17 philosophy and design decisions behind this code.
19 Unfortunately, not many documents are available for beginners to
20 start. And, even if they exist, there was no "well-known" place which
21 kept track of them. These lines try to cover this lack. All documents
22 available on line known by the author are listed, while some reference
23 books are also mentioned.
25 PLEASE, if you know any paper not listed here or write a new document,
26 send me an e-mail, and I'll include a reference to it here. Any
27 corrections, ideas or comments are also welcomed.
29 The papers that follow are listed in no particular order. All are
30 cataloged with the following fields: the document's "Title", the
31 "Author"/s, the "URL" where they can be found, some "Keywords" helpful
32 when searching for specific topics, and a brief "Description" of the
40 * Title: **Linux Device Drivers, Third Edition**
42 :Author: Jonathan Corbet, Alessandro Rubini, Greg Kroah-Hartman
43 :URL: http://lwn.net/Kernel/LDD3/
44 :Description: A 600-page book covering the (2.6.10) driver
45 programming API and kernel hacking in general. Available under the
46 Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 2.0 license.
48 * Title: **The Linux Kernel**
50 :Author: David A. Rusling.
51 :URL: http://www.tldp.org/LDP/tlk/tlk.html
52 :Keywords: everything!, book.
53 :Description: On line, 200 pages book describing most aspects of
54 the Linux Kernel. Probably, the first reference for beginners.
55 Lots of illustrations explaining data structures use and
56 relationships in the purest Richard W. Stevens' style. Contents:
57 "1.-Hardware Basics, 2.-Software Basics, 3.-Memory Management,
58 4.-Processes, 5.-Interprocess Communication Mechanisms, 6.-PCI,
59 7.-Interrupts and Interrupt Handling, 8.-Device Drivers, 9.-The
60 File system, 10.-Networks, 11.-Kernel Mechanisms, 12.-Modules,
61 13.-The Linux Kernel Sources, A.-Linux Data Structures, B.-The
62 Alpha AXP Processor, C.-Useful Web and FTP Sites, D.-The GNU
63 General Public License, Glossary". In short: a must have.
65 * Title: **Linux Device Drivers, 2nd Edition**
67 :Author: Alessandro Rubini and Jonathan Corbet.
68 :URL: http://www.xml.com/ldd/chapter/book/index.html
69 :Keywords: device drivers, modules, debugging, memory, hardware,
70 interrupt handling, char drivers, block drivers, kmod, mmap, DMA,
72 :Description: O'Reilly's popular book, now also on-line under the
73 GNU Free Documentation License.
74 :Notes: You can also buy it in paper-form from O'Reilly. See below
75 under BOOKS (Not on-line).
77 * Title: **Conceptual Architecture of the Linux Kernel**
79 :Author: Ivan T. Bowman.
80 :URL: http://plg.uwaterloo.ca/
81 :Keywords: conceptual software architecture, extracted design,
82 reverse engineering, system structure.
83 :Description: Conceptual software architecture of the Linux kernel,
84 automatically extracted from the source code. Very detailed. Good
85 figures. Gives good overall kernel understanding.
87 * Title: **Concrete Architecture of the Linux Kernel**
89 :Author: Ivan T. Bowman, Saheem Siddiqi, and Meyer C. Tanuan.
90 :URL: http://plg.uwaterloo.ca/
91 :Keywords: concrete architecture, extracted design, reverse
92 engineering, system structure, dependencies.
93 :Description: Concrete architecture of the Linux kernel,
94 automatically extracted from the source code. Very detailed. Good
95 figures. Gives good overall kernel understanding. This papers
96 focus on lower details than its predecessor (files, variables...).
98 * Title: **Linux as a Case Study: Its Extracted Software Architecture**
100 :Author: Ivan T. Bowman, Richard C. Holt and Neil V. Brewster.
101 :URL: http://plg.uwaterloo.ca/
102 :Keywords: software architecture, architecture recovery,
104 :Description: Paper appeared at ICSE'99, Los Angeles, May 16-22,
105 1999. A mixture of the previous two documents from the same
108 * Title: **Overview of the Virtual File System**
110 :Author: Richard Gooch.
111 :URL: http://www.mjmwired.net/kernel/Documentation/filesystems/vfs.txt
112 :Keywords: VFS, File System, mounting filesystems, opening files,
114 :Description: Brief introduction to the Linux Virtual File System.
115 What is it, how it works, operations taken when opening a file or
116 mounting a file system and description of important data
117 structures explaining the purpose of each of their entries.
119 * Title: **The Linux RAID-1, 4, 5 Code**
121 :Author: Ingo Molnar, Gadi Oxman and Miguel de Icaza.
122 :URL: http://www.linuxjournal.com/article.php?sid=2391
123 :Keywords: RAID, MD driver.
124 :Description: Linux Journal Kernel Korner article. Here is its
125 :Abstract: *A description of the implementation of the RAID-1,
126 RAID-4 and RAID-5 personalities of the MD device driver in the
127 Linux kernel, providing users with high performance and reliable,
128 secondary-storage capability using software*.
130 * Title: **Dynamic Kernels: Modularized Device Drivers**
132 :Author: Alessandro Rubini.
133 :URL: http://www.linuxjournal.com/article.php?sid=1219
134 :Keywords: device driver, module, loading/unloading modules,
135 allocating resources.
136 :Description: Linux Journal Kernel Korner article. Here is its
137 :Abstract: *This is the first of a series of four articles
138 co-authored by Alessandro Rubini and Georg Zezchwitz which present
139 a practical approach to writing Linux device drivers as kernel
140 loadable modules. This installment presents an introduction to the
141 topic, preparing the reader to understand next month's
144 * Title: **Dynamic Kernels: Discovery**
146 :Author: Alessandro Rubini.
147 :URL: http://www.linuxjournal.com/article.php?sid=1220
148 :Keywords: character driver, init_module, clean_up module,
149 autodetection, mayor number, minor number, file operations,
151 :Description: Linux Journal Kernel Korner article. Here is its
152 :Abstract: *This article, the second of four, introduces part of
153 the actual code to create custom module implementing a character
154 device driver. It describes the code for module initialization and
155 cleanup, as well as the open() and close() system calls*.
157 * Title: **The Devil's in the Details**
159 :Author: Georg v. Zezschwitz and Alessandro Rubini.
160 :URL: http://www.linuxjournal.com/article.php?sid=1221
161 :Keywords: read(), write(), select(), ioctl(), blocking/non
162 blocking mode, interrupt handler.
163 :Description: Linux Journal Kernel Korner article. Here is its
164 :Abstract: *This article, the third of four on writing character
165 device drivers, introduces concepts of reading, writing, and using
168 * Title: **Dissecting Interrupts and Browsing DMA**
170 :Author: Alessandro Rubini and Georg v. Zezschwitz.
171 :URL: http://www.linuxjournal.com/article.php?sid=1222
172 :Keywords: interrupts, irqs, DMA, bottom halves, task queues.
173 :Description: Linux Journal Kernel Korner article. Here is its
174 :Abstract: *This is the fourth in a series of articles about
175 writing character device drivers as loadable kernel modules. This
176 month, we further investigate the field of interrupt handling.
177 Though it is conceptually simple, practical limitations and
178 constraints make this an ''interesting'' part of device driver
179 writing, and several different facilities have been provided for
180 different situations. We also investigate the complex topic of
183 * Title: **Device Drivers Concluded**
185 :Author: Georg v. Zezschwitz.
186 :URL: http://www.linuxjournal.com/article.php?sid=1287
187 :Keywords: address spaces, pages, pagination, page management,
188 demand loading, swapping, memory protection, memory mapping, mmap,
189 virtual memory areas (VMAs), vremap, PCI.
190 :Description: Finally, the above turned out into a five articles
191 series. This latest one's introduction reads: "This is the last of
192 five articles about character device drivers. In this final
193 section, Georg deals with memory mapping devices, beginning with
194 an overall description of the Linux memory management concepts".
196 * Title: **Network Buffers And Memory Management**
199 :URL: http://www.linuxjournal.com/article.php?sid=1312
200 :Keywords: sk_buffs, network devices, protocol/link layer
201 variables, network devices flags, transmit, receive,
202 configuration, multicast.
203 :Description: Linux Journal Kernel Korner.
204 :Abstract: *Writing a network device driver for Linux is fundamentally
205 simple---most of the complexity (other than talking to the
206 hardware) involves managing network packets in memory*.
208 * Title: **Linux Kernel Hackers' Guide**
210 :Author: Michael K. Johnson.
211 :URL: http://www.tldp.org/LDP/khg/HyperNews/get/khg.html
212 :Keywords: device drivers, files, VFS, kernel interface, character vs
213 block devices, hardware interrupts, scsi, DMA, access to user memory,
214 memory allocation, timers.
215 :Description: A guide designed to help you get up to speed on the
216 concepts that are not intuitevly obvious, and to document the internal
219 * Title: **The Venus kernel interface**
221 :Author: Peter J. Braam.
222 :URL: http://www.coda.cs.cmu.edu/doc/html/kernel-venus-protocol.html
223 :Keywords: coda, filesystem, venus, cache manager.
224 :Description: "This document describes the communication between
225 Venus and kernel level file system code needed for the operation
226 of the Coda filesystem. This version document is meant to describe
227 the current interface (version 1.0) as well as improvements we
230 * Title: **Programming PCI-Devices under Linux**
232 :Author: Claus Schroeter.
233 :URL: ftp://ftp.llp.fu-berlin.de/pub/linux/LINUX-LAB/whitepapers/pcip.ps.gz
234 :Keywords: PCI, device, busmastering.
235 :Description: 6 pages tutorial on PCI programming under Linux.
236 Gives the basic concepts on the architecture of the PCI subsystem,
237 as long as basic functions and macros to read/write the devices
238 and perform busmastering.
240 * Title: **Writing Character Device Driver for Linux**
242 :Author: R. Baruch and C. Schroeter.
243 :URL: ftp://ftp.llp.fu-berlin.de/pub/linux/LINUX-LAB/whitepapers/drivers.ps.gz
244 :Keywords: character device drivers, I/O, signals, DMA, accessing
245 ports in user space, kernel environment.
246 :Description: 68 pages paper on writing character drivers. A little
247 bit old (1.993, 1.994) although still useful.
249 * Title: **Design and Implementation of the Second Extended Filesystem**
251 :Author: Rémy Card, Theodore Ts'o, Stephen Tweedie.
252 :URL: http://web.mit.edu/tytso/www/linux/ext2intro.html
253 :Keywords: ext2, linux fs history, inode, directory, link, devices,
254 VFS, physical structure, performance, benchmarks, ext2fs library,
255 ext2fs tools, e2fsck.
256 :Description: Paper written by three of the top ext2 hackers.
257 Covers Linux filesystems history, ext2 motivation, ext2 features,
258 design, physical structure on disk, performance, benchmarks,
259 e2fsck's passes description... A must read!
260 :Notes: This paper was first published in the Proceedings of the
261 First Dutch International Symposium on Linux, ISBN 90-367-0385-9.
263 * Title: **Analysis of the Ext2fs structure**
265 :Author: Louis-Dominique Dubeau.
266 :URL: http://teaching.csse.uwa.edu.au/units/CITS2002/fs-ext2/
267 :Keywords: ext2, filesystem, ext2fs.
268 :Description: Description of ext2's blocks, directories, inodes,
269 bitmaps, invariants...
271 * Title: **Journaling the Linux ext2fs Filesystem**
273 :Author: Stephen C. Tweedie.
274 :URL: ftp://ftp.uk.linux.org/pub/linux/sct/fs/jfs/journal-design.ps.gz
275 :Keywords: ext3, journaling.
276 :Description: Excellent 8-pages paper explaining the journaling
277 capabilities added to ext2 by the author, showing different
278 problems faced and the alternatives chosen.
280 * Title: **Kernel API changes from 2.0 to 2.2**
282 :Author: Richard Gooch.
283 :URL: http://www.safe-mbox.com/~rgooch/linux/docs/porting-to-2.2.html
284 :Keywords: 2.2, changes.
285 :Description: Kernel functions/structures/variables which changed
288 * Title: **Kernel API changes from 2.2 to 2.4**
290 :Author: Richard Gooch.
291 :URL: http://www.safe-mbox.com/~rgooch/linux/docs/porting-to-2.4.html
292 :Keywords: 2.4, changes.
293 :Description: Kernel functions/structures/variables which changed
296 * Title: **Linux Kernel Module Programming Guide**
298 :Author: Ori Pomerantz.
299 :URL: http://tldp.org/LDP/lkmpg/2.6/html/index.html
300 :Keywords: modules, GPL book, /proc, ioctls, system calls,
302 :Description: Very nice 92 pages GPL book on the topic of modules
303 programming. Lots of examples.
305 * Title: **I/O Event Handling Under Linux**
307 :Author: Richard Gooch.
308 :Keywords: IO, I/O, select(2), poll(2), FDs, aio_read(2), readiness
310 :Description: From the Introduction: "I/O Event handling is about
311 how your Operating System allows you to manage a large number of
312 open files (file descriptors in UNIX/POSIX, or FDs) in your
313 application. You want the OS to notify you when FDs become active
314 (have data ready to be read or are ready for writing). Ideally you
315 want a mechanism that is scalable. This means a large number of
316 inactive FDs cost very little in memory and CPU time to manage".
318 * Title: **The Kernel Hacking HOWTO**
320 :Author: Various Talented People, and Rusty.
321 :Location: in kernel tree, Documentation/DocBook/kernel-hacking.tmpl
322 (must be built as "make {htmldocs | psdocs | pdfdocs})
323 :Keywords: HOWTO, kernel contexts, deadlock, locking, modules,
324 symbols, return conventions.
325 :Description: From the Introduction: "Please understand that I
326 never wanted to write this document, being grossly underqualified,
327 but I always wanted to read it, and this was the only way. I
328 simply explain some best practices, and give reading entry-points
329 into the kernel sources. I avoid implementation details: that's
330 what the code is for, and I ignore whole tracts of useful
331 routines. This document assumes familiarity with C, and an
332 understanding of what the kernel is, and how it is used. It was
333 originally written for the 2.3 kernels, but nearly all of it
334 applies to 2.2 too; 2.0 is slightly different".
336 * Title: **Writing an ALSA Driver**
338 :Author: Takashi Iwai <tiwai@suse.de>
339 :URL: http://www.alsa-project.org/~iwai/writing-an-alsa-driver/index.html
340 :Keywords: ALSA, sound, soundcard, driver, lowlevel, hardware.
341 :Description: Advanced Linux Sound Architecture for developers,
342 both at kernel and user-level sides. ALSA is the Linux kernel
343 sound architecture in the 2.6 kernel version.
345 * Title: **Programming Guide for Linux USB Device Drivers**
347 :Author: Detlef Fliegl.
348 :URL: http://usb.in.tum.de/usbdoc/
349 :Keywords: USB, universal serial bus.
350 :Description: A must-read. From the Preface: "This document should
351 give detailed information about the current state of the USB
352 subsystem and its API for USB device drivers. The first section
353 will deal with the basics of USB devices. You will learn about
354 different types of devices and their properties. Going into detail
355 you will see how USB devices communicate on the bus. The second
356 section gives an overview of the Linux USB subsystem [2] and the
357 device driver framework. Then the API and its data structures will
358 be explained step by step. The last section of this document
359 contains a reference of all API calls and their return codes".
360 :Notes: Beware: the main page states: "This document may not be
361 published, printed or used in excerpts without explicit permission
362 of the author". Fortunately, it may still be read...
364 * Title: **Linux Kernel Mailing List Glossary**
367 :URL: http://kernelnewbies.org/glossary/
368 :Keywords: glossary, terms, linux-kernel.
369 :Description: From the introduction: "This glossary is intended as
370 a brief description of some of the acronyms and terms you may hear
371 during discussion of the Linux kernel".
373 * Title: **Linux Kernel Locking HOWTO**
375 :Author: Various Talented People, and Rusty.
376 :Location: in kernel tree, Documentation/DocBook/kernel-locking.tmpl
377 (must be built as "make {htmldocs | psdocs | pdfdocs})
378 :Keywords: locks, locking, spinlock, semaphore, atomic, race
379 condition, bottom halves, tasklets, softirqs.
380 :Description: The title says it all: document describing the
381 locking system in the Linux Kernel either in uniprocessor or SMP
383 :Notes: "It was originally written for the later (>2.3.47) 2.3
384 kernels, but most of it applies to 2.2 too; 2.0 is slightly
385 different". Freely redistributable under the conditions of the GNU
386 General Public License.
388 * Title: **Global spinlock list and usage**
390 :Author: Rick Lindsley.
391 :URL: http://lse.sourceforge.net/lockhier/global-spin-lock
393 :Description: This is an attempt to document both the existence and
394 usage of the spinlocks in the Linux 2.4.5 kernel. Comprehensive
395 list of spinlocks showing when they are used, which functions
396 access them, how each lock is acquired, under what conditions it
397 is held, whether interrupts can occur or not while it is held...
399 * Title: **Porting Linux 2.0 Drivers To Linux 2.2: Changes and New Features**
402 :URL: http://www.linux-mag.com/1999-05/gear_01.html
403 :Keywords: ports, porting.
404 :Description: Article from Linux Magazine on porting from 2.0 to
407 * Title: **Porting Device Drivers To Linux 2.2: part II**
410 :URL: http://www.linux-mag.com/id/238
411 :Keywords: ports, porting.
412 :Description: Second part on porting from 2.0 to 2.2 kernels.
414 * Title: **How To Make Sure Your Driver Will Work On The Power Macintosh**
416 :Author: Paul Mackerras.
417 :URL: http://www.linux-mag.com/id/261
418 :Keywords: Mac, Power Macintosh, porting, drivers, compatibility.
419 :Description: The title says it all.
421 * Title: **An Introduction to SCSI Drivers**
424 :URL: http://www.linux-mag.com/id/284
425 :Keywords: SCSI, device, driver.
426 :Description: The title says it all.
428 * Title: **Advanced SCSI Drivers And Other Tales**
431 :URL: http://www.linux-mag.com/id/307
432 :Keywords: SCSI, device, driver, advanced.
433 :Description: The title says it all.
435 * Title: **Writing Linux Mouse Drivers**
438 :URL: http://www.linux-mag.com/id/330
439 :Keywords: mouse, driver, gpm.
440 :Description: The title says it all.
442 * Title: **More on Mouse Drivers**
445 :URL: http://www.linux-mag.com/id/356
446 :Keywords: mouse, driver, gpm, races, asynchronous I/O.
447 :Description: The title still says it all.
449 * Title: **Writing Video4linux Radio Driver**
452 :URL: http://www.linux-mag.com/id/381
453 :Keywords: video4linux, driver, radio, radio devices.
454 :Description: The title says it all.
456 * Title: **Video4linux Drivers, Part 1: Video-Capture Device**
459 :URL: http://www.linux-mag.com/id/406
460 :Keywords: video4linux, driver, video capture, capture devices,
462 :Description: The title says it all.
464 * Title: **Video4linux Drivers, Part 2: Video-capture Devices**
467 :URL: http://www.linux-mag.com/id/429
468 :Keywords: video4linux, driver, video capture, capture devices,
469 camera driver, control, query capabilities, capability, facility.
470 :Description: The title says it all.
472 * Title: **PCI Management in Linux 2.2**
475 :URL: http://www.linux-mag.com/id/452
476 :Keywords: PCI, bus, bus-mastering.
477 :Description: The title says it all.
479 * Title: **Linux 2.4 Kernel Internals**
481 :Author: Tigran Aivazian and Christoph Hellwig.
482 :URL: http://www.moses.uklinux.net/patches/lki.html
483 :Keywords: Linux, kernel, booting, SMB boot, VFS, page cache.
484 :Description: A little book used for a short training course.
485 Covers building the kernel image, booting (including SMP bootup),
486 process management, VFS and more.
488 * Title: **Linux IP Networking. A Guide to the Implementation and Modification of the Linux Protocol Stack.**
490 :Author: Glenn Herrin.
491 :URL: http://www.cs.unh.edu/cnrg/gherrin
492 :Keywords: network, networking, protocol, IP, UDP, TCP, connection,
493 socket, receiving, transmitting, forwarding, routing, packets,
494 modules, /proc, sk_buff, FIB, tags.
495 :Description: Excellent paper devoted to the Linux IP Networking,
496 explaining anything from the kernel's to the user space
497 configuration tools' code. Very good to get a general overview of
498 the kernel networking implementation and understand all steps
499 packets follow from the time they are received at the network
500 device till they are delivered to applications. The studied kernel
501 code is from 2.2.14 version. Provides code for a working packet
504 * Title: **Get those boards talking under Linux.**
506 :Author: Alex Ivchenko.
507 :URL: http://www.edn.com/article/CA46968.html
508 :Keywords: data-acquisition boards, drivers, modules, interrupts,
510 :Description: Article written for people wishing to make their data
511 acquisition boards work on their GNU/Linux machines. Gives a basic
512 overview on writing drivers, from the naming of functions to
514 :Notes: Two-parts article. Part II is at
515 :URL: http://www.edn.com/article/CA46998.html
517 * Title: **Linux PCMCIA Programmer's Guide**
519 :Author: David Hinds.
520 :URL: http://pcmcia-cs.sourceforge.net/ftp/doc/PCMCIA-PROG.html
522 :Description: "This document describes how to write kernel device
523 drivers for the Linux PCMCIA Card Services interface. It also
524 describes how to write user-mode utilities for communicating with
527 * Title: **The Linux Kernel NFSD Implementation**
530 :URL: http://www.cse.unsw.edu.au/~neilb/oss/linux-commentary/nfsd.html
531 :Keywords: knfsd, nfsd, NFS, RPC, lockd, mountd, statd.
532 :Description: The title says it all.
533 :Notes: Covers knfsd's version 1.4.7 (patch against 2.2.7 kernel).
535 * Title: **A Linux vm README**
537 :Author: Kanoj Sarcar.
538 :URL: http://kos.enix.org/pub/linux-vmm.html
539 :Keywords: virtual memory, mm, pgd, vma, page, page flags, page
540 cache, swap cache, kswapd.
541 :Description: Telegraphic, short descriptions and definitions
542 relating the Linux virtual memory implementation.
544 * Title: **(nearly) Complete Linux Loadable Kernel Modules. The definitive guide for hackers, virus coders and system administrators.**
546 :Author: pragmatic/THC.
547 :URL: http://packetstormsecurity.org/docs/hack/LKM_HACKING.html
548 :Keywords: syscalls, intercept, hide, abuse, symbol table.
549 :Description: Interesting paper on how to abuse the Linux kernel in
550 order to intercept and modify syscalls, make
551 files/directories/processes invisible, become root, hijack ttys,
552 write kernel modules based virus... and solutions for admins to
553 avoid all those abuses.
554 :Notes: For 2.0.x kernels. Gives guidances to port it to 2.2.x
560 * Title: **Linux Device Drivers**
562 :Author: Alessandro Rubini.
563 :Publisher: O'Reilly & Associates.
568 * Title: **Linux Device Drivers, 2nd Edition**
570 :Author: Alessandro Rubini and Jonathan Corbet.
571 :Publisher: O'Reilly & Associates.
575 :Notes: Further information in
576 http://www.oreilly.com/catalog/linuxdrive2/
578 * Title: **Linux Device Drivers, 3rd Edition**
580 :Authors: Jonathan Corbet, Alessandro Rubini, and Greg Kroah-Hartman
581 :Publisher: O'Reilly & Associates.
585 :Notes: Further information in
586 http://www.oreilly.com/catalog/linuxdrive3/
587 PDF format, URL: http://lwn.net/Kernel/LDD3/
589 * Title: **Linux Kernel Internals**
591 :Author: Michael Beck.
592 :Publisher: Addison-Wesley.
594 :ISBN: 0-201-33143-8 (second edition)
596 * Title: **The Design of the UNIX Operating System**
598 :Author: Maurice J. Bach.
599 :Publisher: Prentice Hall.
604 * Title: **The Design and Implementation of the 4.3 BSD UNIX Operating System**
606 :Author: Samuel J. Leffler, Marshall Kirk McKusick, Michael J.
607 Karels, John S. Quarterman.
608 :Publisher: Addison-Wesley.
609 :Date: 1989 (reprinted with corrections on October, 1990).
612 * Title: **The Design and Implementation of the 4.4 BSD UNIX Operating System**
614 :Author: Marshall Kirk McKusick, Keith Bostic, Michael J. Karels,
616 :Publisher: Addison-Wesley.
620 * Title: **Programmation Linux 2.0 API systeme et fonctionnement du noyau**
622 :Author: Remy Card, Eric Dumas, Franck Mevel.
623 :Publisher: Eyrolles.
629 * Title: **Unix internals -- the new frontiers**
631 :Author: Uresh Vahalia.
632 :Publisher: Prentice Hall.
637 * Title: **Programming for the real world - POSIX.4**
639 :Author: Bill O. Gallmeister.
640 :Publisher: O'Reilly & Associates, Inc..
644 :Notes: Though not being directly about Linux, Linux aims to be
645 POSIX. Good reference.
647 * Title: **UNIX Systems for Modern Architectures: Symmetric Multiprocessing and Caching for Kernel Programmers**
649 :Author: Curt Schimmel.
650 :Publisher: Addison Wesley.
655 * Title: **Linux Kernel Development, 3rd Edition**
658 :Publisher: Addison-Wesley.
661 :ISBN: 978-0672329463
666 * Name: **linux/Documentation**
669 :URL: Just look inside your kernel sources.
670 :Keywords: anything, DocBook.
671 :Description: Documentation that comes with the kernel sources,
672 inside the Documentation directory. Some pages from this document
673 (including this document itself) have been moved there, and might
674 be more up to date than the web version.
676 * Name: **Linux Kernel Source Reference**
678 :Author: Thomas Graichen.
679 :URL: http://marc.info/?l=linux-kernel&m=96446640102205&w=4
680 :Keywords: CVS, web, cvsweb, browsing source code.
681 :Description: Web interface to a CVS server with the kernel
682 sources. "Here you can have a look at any file of the Linux kernel
683 sources of any version starting from 1.0 up to the (daily updated)
684 current version available. Also you can check the differences
685 between two versions of a file".
687 * Name: **Cross-Referencing Linux**
689 :URL: http://lxr.free-electrons.com/
690 :Keywords: Browsing source code.
691 :Description: Another web-based Linux kernel source code browser.
692 Lots of cross references to variables and functions. You can see
693 where they are defined and where they are used.
695 * Name: **Linux Weekly News**
698 :Keywords: latest kernel news.
699 :Description: The title says it all. There's a fixed kernel section
700 summarizing developers' work, bug fixes, new features and versions
701 produced during the week. Published every Thursday.
703 * Name: **Kernel Traffic**
705 :URL: http://kt.earth.li/kernel-traffic/index.html
706 :Keywords: linux-kernel mailing list, weekly kernel news.
707 :Description: Weekly newsletter covering the most relevant
708 discussions of the linux-kernel mailing list.
710 * Name: **CuTTiNG.eDGe.LiNuX**
712 :URL: http://edge.kernelnotes.org
713 :Keywords: changelist.
714 :Description: Site which provides the changelist for every kernel
715 release. What's new, what's better, what's changed. Myrdraal reads
716 the patches and describes them. Pointers to the patches are there,
719 * Name: **New linux-kernel Mailing List FAQ**
721 :URL: http://www.tux.org/lkml/
722 :Keywords: linux-kernel mailing list FAQ.
723 :Description: linux-kernel is a mailing list for developers to
724 communicate. This FAQ builds on the previous linux-kernel mailing
725 list FAQ maintained by Frohwalt Egerer, who no longer maintains
726 it. Read it to see how to join the mailing list. Dozens of
727 interesting questions regarding the list, Linux, developers (who
728 is ...?), terms (what is...?) are answered here too. Just read it.
730 * Name: **Linux Virtual File System**
732 :Author: Peter J. Braam.
733 :URL: http://www.coda.cs.cmu.edu/doc/talks/linuxvfs/
734 :Keywords: slides, VFS, inode, superblock, dentry, dcache.
735 :Description: Set of slides, presumably from a presentation on the
736 Linux VFS layer. Covers version 2.1.x, with dentries and the
739 * Name: **Gary's Encyclopedia - The Linux Kernel**
741 :Author: Gary (I suppose...).
742 :URL: http://slencyclopedia.berlios.de/index.html
743 :Keywords: linux, community, everything!
744 :Description: Gary's Encyclopedia exists to allow the rapid finding
745 of documentation and other information of interest to GNU/Linux
746 users. It has about 4000 links to external pages in 150 major
747 categories. This link is for kernel-specific links, documents,
748 sites... This list is now hosted by developer.Berlios.de,
749 but seems not to have been updated since sometime in 1999.
751 * Name: **The home page of Linux-MM**
753 :Author: The Linux-MM team.
754 :URL: http://linux-mm.org/
755 :Keywords: memory management, Linux-MM, mm patches, TODO, docs,
757 :Description: Site devoted to Linux Memory Management development.
758 Memory related patches, HOWTOs, links, mm developers... Don't miss
759 it if you are interested in memory management development!
761 * Name: **Kernel Newbies IRC Channel and Website**
763 :URL: http://www.kernelnewbies.org
764 :Keywords: IRC, newbies, channel, asking doubts.
765 :Description: #kernelnewbies on irc.oftc.net.
766 #kernelnewbies is an IRC network dedicated to the 'newbie'
767 kernel hacker. The audience mostly consists of people who are
768 learning about the kernel, working on kernel projects or
769 professional kernel hackers that want to help less seasoned kernel
771 #kernelnewbies is on the OFTC IRC Network.
772 Try irc.oftc.net as your server and then /join #kernelnewbies.
773 The kernelnewbies website also hosts articles, documents, FAQs...
775 * Name: **linux-kernel mailing list archives and search engines**
777 :URL: http://vger.kernel.org/vger-lists.html
778 :URL: http://www.uwsg.indiana.edu/hypermail/linux/kernel/index.html
779 :URL: http://marc.theaimsgroup.com/?l=linux-kernel
780 :URL: http://groups.google.com/group/mlist.linux.kernel
781 :URL: http://www.cs.helsinki.fi/linux/linux-kernel/
782 :URL: http://www.lib.uaa.alaska.edu/linux-kernel/
783 :Keywords: linux-kernel, archives, search.
784 :Description: Some of the linux-kernel mailing list archivers. If
785 you have a better/another one, please let me know.
789 Document last updated on Sat 2005-NOV-19