scripts/checkpatch.pl

   1 #!/usr/bin/perl -w
   2 # (c) 2001, Dave Jones. (the file handling bit)
   3 # (c) 2005, Joel Schopp <jschopp@austin.ibm.com> (the ugly bit)
   4 # (c) 2007,2008, Andy Whitcroft <apw@uk.ibm.com> (new conditions, test suite)
   5 # (c) 2008-2010 Andy Whitcroft <apw@canonical.com>
   6 # Licensed under the terms of the GNU GPL License version 2
   7
   8 use strict;
   9 use POSIX;
  10 use File::Basename;
  11 use Cwd 'abs_path';
  12 use Term::ANSIColor qw(:constants);
  13
  14 my $P = $0;
  15 my $D = dirname(abs_path($P));
  16
  17 my $V = '0.32';
  18
  19 use Getopt::Long qw(:config no_auto_abbrev);
  20
  21 my $quiet = 0;
  22 my $tree = 1;
  23 my $chk_signoff = 1;
  24 my $chk_patch = 1;
  25 my $tst_only;
  26 my $emacs = 0;
  27 my $terse = 0;
  28 my $showfile = 0;
  29 my $file = 0;
  30 my $git = 0;
  31 my %git_commits = ();
  32 my $check = 0;
  33 my $check_orig = 0;
  34 my $summary = 1;
  35 my $mailback = 0;
  36 my $summary_file = 0;
  37 my $show_types = 0;
  38 my $list_types = 0;
  39 my $fix = 0;
  40 my $fix_inplace = 0;
  41 my $root;
  42 my %debug;
  43 my %camelcase = ();
  44 my %use_type = ();
  45 my @use = ();
  46 my %ignore_type = ();
  47 my @ignore = ();
  48 my $help = 0;
  49 my $configuration_file = ".checkpatch.conf";
  50 my $max_line_length = 80;
  51 my $ignore_perl_version = 0;
  52 my $minimum_perl_version = 5.10.0;
  53 my $min_conf_desc_length = 4;
  54 my $spelling_file = "$D/spelling.txt";
  55 my $codespell = 0;
  56 my $codespellfile = "/usr/share/codespell/dictionary.txt";
  57 my $color = 1;
  58
  59 sub help {
  60         my ($exitcode) = @_;
  61
  62         print << "EOM";
  63 Usage: $P [OPTION]... [FILE]...
  64 Version: $V
  65
  66 Options:
  67   -q, --quiet                quiet
  68   --no-tree                  run without a kernel tree
  69   --no-signoff               do not check for 'Signed-off-by' line
  70   --patch                    treat FILE as patchfile (default)
  71   --emacs                    emacs compile window format
  72   --terse                    one line per report
  73   --showfile                 emit diffed file position, not input file position
  74   -g, --git                  treat FILE as a single commit or git revision range
  75                              single git commit with:
  76                                <rev>
  77                                <rev>^
  78                                <rev>~n
  79                              multiple git commits with:
  80                                <rev1>..<rev2>
  81                                <rev1>...<rev2>
  82                                <rev>-<count>
  83                              git merges are ignored
  84   -f, --file                 treat FILE as regular source file
  85   --subjective, --strict     enable more subjective tests
  86   --list-types               list the possible message types
  87   --types TYPE(,TYPE2...)    show only these comma separated message types
  88   --ignore TYPE(,TYPE2...)   ignore various comma separated message types
  89   --show-types               show the specific message type in the output
  90   --max-line-length=n        set the maximum line length, if exceeded, warn
  91   --min-conf-desc-length=n   set the min description length, if shorter, warn
  92   --root=PATH                PATH to the kernel tree root
  93   --no-summary               suppress the per-file summary
  94   --mailback                 only produce a report in case of warnings/errors
  95   --summary-file             include the filename in summary
  96   --debug KEY=[0|1]          turn on/off debugging of KEY, where KEY is one of
  97                              'values', 'possible', 'type', and 'attr' (default
  98                              is all off)
  99   --test-only=WORD           report only warnings/errors containing WORD
 100                              literally
 101   --fix                      EXPERIMENTAL - may create horrible results
 102                              If correctable single-line errors exist, create
 103                              "<inputfile>.EXPERIMENTAL-checkpatch-fixes"
 104                              with potential errors corrected to the preferred
 105                              checkpatch style
 106   --fix-inplace              EXPERIMENTAL - may create horrible results
 107                              Is the same as --fix, but overwrites the input
 108                              file.  It's your fault if there's no backup or git
 109   --ignore-perl-version      override checking of perl version.  expect
 110                              runtime errors.
 111   --codespell                Use the codespell dictionary for spelling/typos
 112                              (default:/usr/share/codespell/dictionary.txt)
 113   --codespellfile            Use this codespell dictionary
 114   --color                    Use colors when output is STDOUT (default: on)
 115   -h, --help, --version      display this help and exit
 116
 117 When FILE is - read standard input.
 118 EOM
 119
 120         exit($exitcode);
 121 }
 122
 123 sub uniq {
 124         my %seen;
 125         return grep { !$seen{$_}++ } @_;
 126 }
 127
 128 sub list_types {
 129         my ($exitcode) = @_;
 130
 131         my $count = 0;
 132
 133         local $/ = undef;
 134
 135         open(my $script, '<', abs_path($P)) or
 136             die "$P: Can't read '$P' $!\n";
 137
 138         my $text = <$script>;
 139         close($script);
 140
 141         my @types = ();
 142         for ($text =~ /\b(?:(?:CHK|WARN|ERROR)\s*\(\s*"([^"]+)")/g) {
 143                 push (@types, $_);
 144         }
 145         @types = sort(uniq(@types));
 146         print("#\tMessage type\n\n");
 147         foreach my $type (@types) {
 148                 print(++$count . "\t" . $type . "\n");
 149         }
 150
 151         exit($exitcode);
 152 }
 153
 154 my $conf = which_conf($configuration_file);
 155 if (-f $conf) {
 156         my @conf_args;
 157         open(my $conffile, '<', "$conf")
 158             or warn "$P: Can't find a readable $configuration_file file $!\n";
 159
 160         while (<$conffile>) {
 161                 my $line = $_;
 162
 163                 $line =~ s/\s*\n?$//g;
 164                 $line =~ s/^\s*//g;
 165                 $line =~ s/\s+/ /g;
 166
 167                 next if ($line =~ m/^\s*#/);
 168                 next if ($line =~ m/^\s*$/);
 169
 170                 my @words = split(" ", $line);
 171                 foreach my $word (@words) {
 172                         last if ($word =~ m/^#/);
 173                         push (@conf_args, $word);
 174                 }
 175         }
 176         close($conffile);
 177         unshift(@ARGV, @conf_args) if @conf_args;
 178 }
 179
 180 GetOptions(
 181         'q|quiet+'      => \$quiet,
 182         'tree!'         => \$tree,
 183         'signoff!'      => \$chk_signoff,
 184         'patch!'        => \$chk_patch,
 185         'emacs!'        => \$emacs,
 186         'terse!'        => \$terse,
 187         'showfile!'     => \$showfile,
 188         'f|file!'       => \$file,
 189         'g|git!'        => \$git,
 190         'subjective!'   => \$check,
 191         'strict!'       => \$check,
 192         'ignore=s'      => \@ignore,
 193         'types=s'       => \@use,
 194         'show-types!'   => \$show_types,
 195         'list-types!'   => \$list_types,
 196         'max-line-length=i' => \$max_line_length,
 197         'min-conf-desc-length=i' => \$min_conf_desc_length,
 198         'root=s'        => \$root,
 199         'summary!'      => \$summary,
 200         'mailback!'     => \$mailback,
 201         'summary-file!' => \$summary_file,
 202         'fix!'          => \$fix,
 203         'fix-inplace!'  => \$fix_inplace,
 204         'ignore-perl-version!' => \$ignore_perl_version,
 205         'debug=s'       => \%debug,
 206         'test-only=s'   => \$tst_only,
 207         'codespell!'    => \$codespell,
 208         'codespellfile=s'       => \$codespellfile,
 209         'color!'        => \$color,
 210         'h|help'        => \$help,
 211         'version'       => \$help
 212 ) or help(1);
 213
 214 help(0) if ($help);
 215
 216 list_types(0) if ($list_types);
 217
 218 $fix = 1 if ($fix_inplace);
 219 $check_orig = $check;
 220
 221 my $exit = 0;
 222
 223 if ($^V && $^V lt $minimum_perl_version) {
 224         printf "$P: requires at least perl version %vd\n", $minimum_perl_version;
 225         if (!$ignore_perl_version) {
 226                 exit(1);
 227         }
 228 }
 229
 230 if ($#ARGV < 0) {
 231         print "$P: no input files\n";
 232         exit(1);
 233 }
 234
 235 sub hash_save_array_words {
 236         my ($hashRef, $arrayRef) = @_;
 237
 238         my @array = split(/,/, join(',', @$arrayRef));
 239         foreach my $word (@array) {
 240                 $word =~ s/\s*\n?$//g;
 241                 $word =~ s/^\s*//g;
 242                 $word =~ s/\s+/ /g;
 243                 $word =~ tr/[a-z]/[A-Z]/;
 244
 245                 next if ($word =~ m/^\s*#/);
 246                 next if ($word =~ m/^\s*$/);
 247
 248                 $hashRef->{$word}++;
 249         }
 250 }
 251
 252 sub hash_show_words {
 253         my ($hashRef, $prefix) = @_;
 254
 255         if (keys %$hashRef) {
 256                 print "\nNOTE: $prefix message types:";
 257                 foreach my $word (sort keys %$hashRef) {
 258                         print " $word";
 259                 }
 260                 print "\n";
 261         }
 262 }
 263
 264 hash_save_array_words(\%ignore_type, \@ignore);
 265 hash_save_array_words(\%use_type, \@use);
 266
 267 my $dbg_values = 0;
 268 my $dbg_possible = 0;
 269 my $dbg_type = 0;
 270 my $dbg_attr = 0;
 271 for my $key (keys %debug) {
 272         ## no critic
 273         eval "\${dbg_$key} = '$debug{$key}';";
 274         die "$@" if ($@);
 275 }
 276
 277 my $rpt_cleaners = 0;
 278
 279 if ($terse) {
 280         $emacs = 1;
 281         $quiet++;
 282 }
 283
 284 if ($tree) {
 285         if (defined $root) {
 286                 if (!top_of_kernel_tree($root)) {
 287                         die "$P: $root: --root does not point at a valid tree\n";
 288                 }
 289         } else {
 290                 if (top_of_kernel_tree('.')) {
 291                         $root = '.';
 292                 } elsif ($0 =~ m@(.*)/scripts/[^/]*$@ &&
 293                                                 top_of_kernel_tree($1)) {
 294                         $root = $1;
 295                 }
 296         }
 297
 298         if (!defined $root) {
 299                 print "Must be run from the top-level dir. of a kernel tree\n";
 300                 exit(2);
 301         }
 302 }
 303
 304 my $emitted_corrupt = 0;
 305
 306 our $Ident      = qr{
 307                         [A-Za-z_][A-Za-z\d_]*
 308                         (?:\s*\#\#\s*[A-Za-z_][A-Za-z\d_]*)*
 309                 }x;
 310 our $Storage    = qr{extern|static|asmlinkage};
 311 our $Sparse     = qr{
 312                         __user|
 313                         __kernel|
 314                         __force|
 315                         __iomem|
 316                         __pmem|
 317                         __must_check|
 318                         __init_refok|
 319                         __kprobes|
 320                         __ref|
 321                         __rcu|
 322                         __private
 323                 }x;
 324 our $InitAttributePrefix = qr{__(?:mem|cpu|dev|net_|)};
 325 our $InitAttributeData = qr{$InitAttributePrefix(?:initdata\b)};
 326 our $InitAttributeConst = qr{$InitAttributePrefix(?:initconst\b)};
 327 our $InitAttributeInit = qr{$InitAttributePrefix(?:init\b)};
 328 our $InitAttribute = qr{$InitAttributeData|$InitAttributeConst|$InitAttributeInit};
 329
 330 # Notes to $Attribute:
 331 # We need \b after 'init' otherwise 'initconst' will cause a false positive in a check
 332 our $Attribute  = qr{
 333                         const|
 334                         __percpu|
 335                         __nocast|
 336                         __safe|
 337                         __bitwise__|
 338                         __packed__|
 339                         __packed2__|
 340                         __naked|
 341                         __maybe_unused|
 342                         __always_unused|
 343                         __noreturn|
 344                         __used|
 345                         __cold|
 346                         __pure|
 347                         __noclone|
 348                         __deprecated|
 349                         __read_mostly|
 350                         __kprobes|
 351                         $InitAttribute|
 352                         ____cacheline_aligned|
 353                         ____cacheline_aligned_in_smp|
 354                         ____cacheline_internodealigned_in_smp|
 355                         __weak
 356                   }x;
 357 our $Modifier;
 358 our $Inline     = qr{inline|__always_inline|noinline|__inline|__inline__};
 359 our $Member     = qr{->$Ident|\.$Ident|\[[^]]*\]};
 360 our $Lval       = qr{$Ident(?:$Member)*};
 361
 362 our $Int_type   = qr{(?i)llu|ull|ll|lu|ul|l|u};
 363 our $Binary     = qr{(?i)0b[01]+$Int_type?};
 364 our $Hex        = qr{(?i)0x[0-9a-f]+$Int_type?};
 365 our $Int        = qr{[0-9]+$Int_type?};
 366 our $Octal      = qr{0[0-7]+$Int_type?};
 367 our $String     = qr{"[X\t]*"};
 368 our $Float_hex  = qr{(?i)0x[0-9a-f]+p-?[0-9]+[fl]?};
 369 our $Float_dec  = qr{(?i)(?:[0-9]+\.[0-9]*|[0-9]*\.[0-9]+)(?:e-?[0-9]+)?[fl]?};
 370 our $Float_int  = qr{(?i)[0-9]+e-?[0-9]+[fl]?};
 371 our $Float      = qr{$Float_hex|$Float_dec|$Float_int};
 372 our $Constant   = qr{$Float|$Binary|$Octal|$Hex|$Int};
 373 our $Assignment = qr{\*\=|/=|%=|\+=|-=|<<=|>>=|&=|\^=|\|=|=};
 374 our $Compare    = qr{<=|>=|==|!=|<|(?<!-)>};
 375 our $Arithmetic = qr{\+|-|\*|\/|%};
 376 our $Operators  = qr{
 377                         <=|>=|==|!=|
 378                         =>|->|<<|>>|<|>|!|~|
 379                         &&|\|\||,|\^|\+\+|--|&|\||$Arithmetic
 380                   }x;
 381
 382 our $c90_Keywords = qr{do|for|while|if|else|return|goto|continue|switch|default|case|break}x;
 383
 384 our $BasicType;
 385 our $NonptrType;
 386 our $NonptrTypeMisordered;
 387 our $NonptrTypeWithAttr;
 388 our $Type;
 389 our $TypeMisordered;
 390 our $Declare;
 391 our $DeclareMisordered;
 392
 393 our $NON_ASCII_UTF8     = qr{
 394         [\xC2-\xDF][\x80-\xBF]               # non-overlong 2-byte
 395         |  \xE0[\xA0-\xBF][\x80-\xBF]        # excluding overlongs
 396         | [\xE1-\xEC\xEE\xEF][\x80-\xBF]{2}  # straight 3-byte
 397         |  \xED[\x80-\x9F][\x80-\xBF]        # excluding surrogates
 398         |  \xF0[\x90-\xBF][\x80-\xBF]{2}     # planes 1-3
 399         | [\xF1-\xF3][\x80-\xBF]{3}          # planes 4-15
 400         |  \xF4[\x80-\x8F][\x80-\xBF]{2}     # plane 16
 401 }x;
 402
 403 our $UTF8       = qr{
 404         [\x09\x0A\x0D\x20-\x7E]              # ASCII
 405         | $NON_ASCII_UTF8
 406 }x;
 407
 408 our $typeC99Typedefs = qr{(?:__)?(?:[us]_?)?int_?(?:8|16|32|64)_t};
 409 our $typeOtherOSTypedefs = qr{(?x:
 410         u_(?:char|short|int|long) |          # bsd
 411         u(?:nchar|short|int|long)            # sysv
 412 )};
 413 our $typeKernelTypedefs = qr{(?x:
 414         (?:__)?(?:u|s|be|le)(?:8|16|32|64)|
 415         atomic_t
 416 )};
 417 our $typeTypedefs = qr{(?x:
 418         $typeC99Typedefs\b|
 419         $typeOtherOSTypedefs\b|
 420         $typeKernelTypedefs\b
 421 )};
 422
 423 our $zero_initializer = qr{(?:(?:0[xX])?0+$Int_type?|NULL|false)\b};
 424
 425 our $logFunctions = qr{(?x:
 426         printk(?:_ratelimited|_once|)|
 427         (?:[a-z0-9]+_){1,2}(?:printk|emerg|alert|crit|err|warning|warn|notice|info|debug|dbg|vdbg|devel|cont|WARN)(?:_ratelimited|_once|)|
 428         WARN(?:_RATELIMIT|_ONCE|)|
 429         panic|
 430         MODULE_[A-Z_]+|
 431         seq_vprintf|seq_printf|seq_puts
 432 )};
 433
 434 our $signature_tags = qr{(?xi:
 435         Signed-off-by:|
 436         Acked-by:|
 437         Tested-by:|
 438         Reviewed-by:|
 439         Reported-by:|
 440         Suggested-by:|
 441         To:|
 442         Cc:
 443 )};
 444
 445 our @typeListMisordered = (
 446         qr{char\s+(?:un)?signed},
 447         qr{int\s+(?:(?:un)?signed\s+)?short\s},
 448         qr{int\s+short(?:\s+(?:un)?signed)},
 449         qr{short\s+int(?:\s+(?:un)?signed)},
 450         qr{(?:un)?signed\s+int\s+short},
 451         qr{short\s+(?:un)?signed},
 452         qr{long\s+int\s+(?:un)?signed},
 453         qr{int\s+long\s+(?:un)?signed},
 454         qr{long\s+(?:un)?signed\s+int},
 455         qr{int\s+(?:un)?signed\s+long},
 456         qr{int\s+(?:un)?signed},
 457         qr{int\s+long\s+long\s+(?:un)?signed},
 458         qr{long\s+long\s+int\s+(?:un)?signed},
 459         qr{long\s+long\s+(?:un)?signed\s+int},
 460         qr{long\s+long\s+(?:un)?signed},
 461         qr{long\s+(?:un)?signed},
 462 );
 463
 464 our @typeList = (
 465         qr{void},
 466         qr{(?:(?:un)?signed\s+)?char},
 467         qr{(?:(?:un)?signed\s+)?short\s+int},
 468         qr{(?:(?:un)?signed\s+)?short},
 469         qr{(?:(?:un)?signed\s+)?int},
 470         qr{(?:(?:un)?signed\s+)?long\s+int},
 471         qr{(?:(?:un)?signed\s+)?long\s+long\s+int},
 472         qr{(?:(?:un)?signed\s+)?long\s+long},
 473         qr{(?:(?:un)?signed\s+)?long},
 474         qr{(?:un)?signed},
 475         qr{float},
 476         qr{double},
 477         qr{bool},
 478         qr{struct\s+$Ident},
 479         qr{union\s+$Ident},
 480         qr{enum\s+$Ident},
 481         qr{${Ident}_t},
 482         qr{${Ident}_handler},
 483         qr{${Ident}_handler_fn},
 484         @typeListMisordered,
 485 );
 486
 487 our $C90_int_types = qr{(?x:
 488         long\s+long\s+int\s+(?:un)?signed|
 489         long\s+long\s+(?:un)?signed\s+int|
 490         long\s+long\s+(?:un)?signed|
 491         (?:(?:un)?signed\s+)?long\s+long\s+int|
 492         (?:(?:un)?signed\s+)?long\s+long|
 493         int\s+long\s+long\s+(?:un)?signed|
 494         int\s+(?:(?:un)?signed\s+)?long\s+long|
 495
 496         long\s+int\s+(?:un)?signed|
 497         long\s+(?:un)?signed\s+int|
 498         long\s+(?:un)?signed|
 499         (?:(?:un)?signed\s+)?long\s+int|
 500         (?:(?:un)?signed\s+)?long|
 501         int\s+long\s+(?:un)?signed|
 502         int\s+(?:(?:un)?signed\s+)?long|
 503
 504         int\s+(?:un)?signed|
 505         (?:(?:un)?signed\s+)?int
 506 )};
 507
 508 our @typeListFile = ();
 509 our @typeListWithAttr = (
 510         @typeList,
 511         qr{struct\s+$InitAttribute\s+$Ident},
 512         qr{union\s+$InitAttribute\s+$Ident},
 513 );
 514
 515 our @modifierList = (
 516         qr{fastcall},
 517 );
 518 our @modifierListFile = ();
 519
 520 our @mode_permission_funcs = (
 521         ["module_param", 3],
 522         ["module_param_(?:array|named|string)", 4],
 523         ["module_param_array_named", 5],
 524         ["debugfs_create_(?:file|u8|u16|u32|u64|x8|x16|x32|x64|size_t|atomic_t|bool|blob|regset32|u32_array)", 2],
 525         ["proc_create(?:_data|)", 2],
 526         ["(?:CLASS|DEVICE|SENSOR)_ATTR", 2],
 527 );
 528
 529 #Create a search pattern for all these functions to speed up a loop below
 530 our $mode_perms_search = "";
 531 foreach my $entry (@mode_permission_funcs) {
 532         $mode_perms_search .= '|' if ($mode_perms_search ne "");
 533         $mode_perms_search .= $entry->[0];
 534 }
 535
 536 our $mode_perms_world_writable = qr{
 537         S_IWUGO         |
 538         S_IWOTH         |
 539         S_IRWXUGO       |
 540         S_IALLUGO       |
 541         0[0-7][0-7][2367]
 542 }x;
 543
 544 our $allowed_asm_includes = qr{(?x:
 545         irq|
 546         memory|
 547         time|
 548         reboot
 549 )};
 550 # memory.h: ARM has a custom one
 551
 552 # Load common spelling mistakes and build regular expression list.
 553 my $misspellings;
 554 my %spelling_fix;
 555
 556 if (open(my $spelling, '<', $spelling_file)) {
 557         while (<$spelling>) {
 558                 my $line = $_;
 559
 560                 $line =~ s/\s*\n?$//g;
 561                 $line =~ s/^\s*//g;
 562
 563                 next if ($line =~ m/^\s*#/);
 564                 next if ($line =~ m/^\s*$/);
 565
 566                 my ($suspect, $fix) = split(/\|\|/, $line);
 567
 568                 $spelling_fix{$suspect} = $fix;
 569         }
 570         close($spelling);
 571 } else {
 572         warn "No typos will be found - file '$spelling_file': $!\n";
 573 }
 574
 575 if ($codespell) {
 576         if (open(my $spelling, '<', $codespellfile)) {
 577                 while (<$spelling>) {
 578                         my $line = $_;
 579
 580                         $line =~ s/\s*\n?$//g;
 581                         $line =~ s/^\s*//g;
 582
 583                         next if ($line =~ m/^\s*#/);
 584                         next if ($line =~ m/^\s*$/);
 585                         next if ($line =~ m/, disabled/i);
 586
 587                         $line =~ s/,.*$//;
 588
 589                         my ($suspect, $fix) = split(/->/, $line);
 590
 591                         $spelling_fix{$suspect} = $fix;
 592                 }
 593                 close($spelling);
 594         } else {
 595                 warn "No codespell typos will be found - file '$codespellfile': $!\n";
 596         }
 597 }
 598
 599 $misspellings = join("|", sort keys %spelling_fix) if keys %spelling_fix;
 600
 601 sub build_types {
 602         my $mods = "(?x:  \n" . join("|\n  ", (@modifierList, @modifierListFile)) . "\n)";
 603         my $all = "(?x:  \n" . join("|\n  ", (@typeList, @typeListFile)) . "\n)";
 604         my $Misordered = "(?x:  \n" . join("|\n  ", @typeListMisordered) . "\n)";
 605         my $allWithAttr = "(?x:  \n" . join("|\n  ", @typeListWithAttr) . "\n)";
 606         $Modifier       = qr{(?:$Attribute|$Sparse|$mods)};
 607         $BasicType      = qr{
 608                                 (?:$typeTypedefs\b)|
 609                                 (?:${all}\b)
 610                 }x;
 611         $NonptrType     = qr{
 612                         (?:$Modifier\s+|const\s+)*
 613                         (?:
 614                                 (?:typeof|__typeof__)\s*\([^\)]*\)|
 615                                 (?:$typeTypedefs\b)|
 616                                 (?:${all}\b)
 617                         )
 618                         (?:\s+$Modifier|\s+const)*
 619                   }x;
 620         $NonptrTypeMisordered   = qr{
 621                         (?:$Modifier\s+|const\s+)*
 622                         (?:
 623                                 (?:${Misordered}\b)
 624                         )
 625                         (?:\s+$Modifier|\s+const)*
 626                   }x;
 627         $NonptrTypeWithAttr     = qr{
 628                         (?:$Modifier\s+|const\s+)*
 629                         (?:
 630                                 (?:typeof|__typeof__)\s*\([^\)]*\)|
 631                                 (?:$typeTypedefs\b)|
 632                                 (?:${allWithAttr}\b)
 633                         )
 634                         (?:\s+$Modifier|\s+const)*
 635                   }x;
 636         $Type   = qr{
 637                         $NonptrType
 638                         (?:(?:\s|\*|\[\])+\s*const|(?:\s|\*\s*(?:const\s*)?|\[\])+|(?:\s*\[\s*\])+)?
 639                         (?:\s+$Inline|\s+$Modifier)*
 640                   }x;
 641         $TypeMisordered = qr{
 642                         $NonptrTypeMisordered
 643                         (?:(?:\s|\*|\[\])+\s*const|(?:\s|\*\s*(?:const\s*)?|\[\])+|(?:\s*\[\s*\])+)?
 644                         (?:\s+$Inline|\s+$Modifier)*
 645                   }x;
 646         $Declare        = qr{(?:$Storage\s+(?:$Inline\s+)?)?$Type};
 647         $DeclareMisordered      = qr{(?:$Storage\s+(?:$Inline\s+)?)?$TypeMisordered};
 648 }
 649 build_types();
 650
 651 our $Typecast   = qr{\s*(\(\s*$NonptrType\s*\)){0,1}\s*};
 652
 653 # Using $balanced_parens, $LvalOrFunc, or $FuncArg
 654 # requires at least perl version v5.10.0
 655 # Any use must be runtime checked with $^V
 656
 657 our $balanced_parens = qr/(\((?:[^\(\)]++|(?-1))*\))/;
 658 our $LvalOrFunc = qr{((?:[\&\*]\s*)?$Lval)\s*($balanced_parens{0,1})\s*};
 659 our $FuncArg = qr{$Typecast{0,1}($LvalOrFunc|$Constant|$String)};
 660
 661 our $declaration_macros = qr{(?x:
 662         (?:$Storage\s+)?(?:[A-Z_][A-Z0-9]*_){0,2}(?:DEFINE|DECLARE)(?:_[A-Z0-9]+){1,6}\s*\(|
 663         (?:$Storage\s+)?LIST_HEAD\s*\(|
 664         (?:$Storage\s+)?${Type}\s+uninitialized_var\s*\(
 665 )};
 666
 667 sub deparenthesize {
 668         my ($string) = @_;
 669         return "" if (!defined($string));
 670
 671         while ($string =~ /^\s*\(.*\)\s*$/) {
 672                 $string =~ s@^\s*\(\s*@@;
 673                 $string =~ s@\s*\)\s*$@@;
 674         }
 675
 676         $string =~ s@\s+@ @g;
 677
 678         return $string;
 679 }
 680
 681 sub seed_camelcase_file {
 682         my ($file) = @_;
 683
 684         return if (!(-f $file));
 685
 686         local $/;
 687
 688         open(my $include_file, '<', "$file")
 689             or warn "$P: Can't read '$file' $!\n";
 690         my $text = <$include_file>;
 691         close($include_file);
 692
 693         my @lines = split('\n', $text);
 694
 695         foreach my $line (@lines) {
 696                 next if ($line !~ /(?:[A-Z][a-z]|[a-z][A-Z])/);
 697                 if ($line =~ /^[ \t]*(?:#[ \t]*define|typedef\s+$Type)\s+(\w*(?:[A-Z][a-z]|[a-z][A-Z])\w*)/) {
 698                         $camelcase{$1} = 1;
 699                 } elsif ($line =~ /^\s*$Declare\s+(\w*(?:[A-Z][a-z]|[a-z][A-Z])\w*)\s*[\(\[,;]/) {
 700                         $camelcase{$1} = 1;
 701                 } elsif ($line =~ /^\s*(?:union|struct|enum)\s+(\w*(?:[A-Z][a-z]|[a-z][A-Z])\w*)\s*[;\{]/) {
 702                         $camelcase{$1} = 1;
 703                 }
 704         }
 705 }
 706
 707 my $camelcase_seeded = 0;
 708 sub seed_camelcase_includes {
 709         return if ($camelcase_seeded);
 710
 711         my $files;
 712         my $camelcase_cache = "";
 713         my @include_files = ();
 714
 715         $camelcase_seeded = 1;
 716
 717         if (-e ".git") {
 718                 my $git_last_include_commit = `git log --no-merges --pretty=format:"%h%n" -1 -- include`;
 719                 chomp $git_last_include_commit;
 720                 $camelcase_cache = ".checkpatch-camelcase.git.$git_last_include_commit";
 721         } else {
 722                 my $last_mod_date = 0;
 723                 $files = `find $root/include -name "*.h"`;
 724                 @include_files = split('\n', $files);
 725                 foreach my $file (@include_files) {
 726                         my $date = POSIX::strftime("%Y%m%d%H%M",
 727                                                    localtime((stat $file)[9]));
 728                         $last_mod_date = $date if ($last_mod_date < $date);
 729                 }
 730                 $camelcase_cache = ".checkpatch-camelcase.date.$last_mod_date";
 731         }
 732
 733         if ($camelcase_cache ne "" && -f $camelcase_cache) {
 734                 open(my $camelcase_file, '<', "$camelcase_cache")
 735                     or warn "$P: Can't read '$camelcase_cache' $!\n";
 736                 while (<$camelcase_file>) {
 737                         chomp;
 738                         $camelcase{$_} = 1;
 739                 }
 740                 close($camelcase_file);
 741
 742                 return;
 743         }
 744
 745         if (-e ".git") {
 746                 $files = `git ls-files "include/*.h"`;
 747                 @include_files = split('\n', $files);
 748         }
 749
 750         foreach my $file (@include_files) {
 751                 seed_camelcase_file($file);
 752         }
 753
 754         if ($camelcase_cache ne "") {
 755                 unlink glob ".checkpatch-camelcase.*";
 756                 open(my $camelcase_file, '>', "$camelcase_cache")
 757                     or warn "$P: Can't write '$camelcase_cache' $!\n";
 758                 foreach (sort { lc($a) cmp lc($b) } keys(%camelcase)) {
 759                         print $camelcase_file ("$_\n");
 760                 }
 761                 close($camelcase_file);
 762         }
 763 }
 764
 765 sub git_commit_info {
 766         my ($commit, $id, $desc) = @_;
 767
 768         return ($id, $desc) if ((which("git") eq "") || !(-e ".git"));
 769
 770         my $output = `git log --no-color --format='%H %s' -1 $commit 2>&1`;
 771         $output =~ s/^\s*//gm;
 772         my @lines = split("\n", $output);
 773
 774         return ($id, $desc) if ($#lines < 0);
 775
 776         if ($lines[0] =~ /^error: short SHA1 $commit is ambiguous\./) {
 777 # Maybe one day convert this block of bash into something that returns
 778 # all matching commit ids, but it's very slow...
 779 #
 780 #               echo "checking commits $1..."
 781 #               git rev-list --remotes | grep -i "^$1" |
 782 #               while read line ; do
 783 #                   git log --format='%H %s' -1 $line |
 784 #                   echo "commit $(cut -c 1-12,41-)"
 785 #               done
 786         } elsif ($lines[0] =~ /^fatal: ambiguous argument '$commit': unknown revision or path not in the working tree\./) {
 787         } else {
 788                 $id = substr($lines[0], 0, 12);
 789                 $desc = substr($lines[0], 41);
 790         }
 791
 792         return ($id, $desc);
 793 }
 794
 795 $chk_signoff = 0 if ($file);
 796
 797 my @rawlines = ();
 798 my @lines = ();
 799 my @fixed = ();
 800 my @fixed_inserted = ();
 801 my @fixed_deleted = ();
 802 my $fixlinenr = -1;
 803
 804 # If input is git commits, extract all commits from the commit expressions.
 805 # For example, HEAD-3 means we need check 'HEAD, HEAD~1, HEAD~2'.
 806 die "$P: No git repository found\n" if ($git && !-e ".git");
 807
 808 if ($git) {
 809         my @commits = ();
 810         foreach my $commit_expr (@ARGV) {
 811                 my $git_range;
 812                 if ($commit_expr =~ m/^(.*)-(\d+)$/) {
 813                         $git_range = "-$2 $1";
 814                 } elsif ($commit_expr =~ m/\.\./) {
 815                         $git_range = "$commit_expr";
 816                 } else {
 817                         $git_range = "-1 $commit_expr";
 818                 }
 819                 my $lines = `git log --no-color --no-merges --pretty=format:'%H %s' $git_range`;
 820                 foreach my $line (split(/\n/, $lines)) {
 821                         $line =~ /^([0-9a-fA-F]{40,40}) (.*)$/;
 822                         next if (!defined($1) || !defined($2));
 823                         my $sha1 = $1;
 824                         my $subject = $2;
 825                         unshift(@commits, $sha1);
 826                         $git_commits{$sha1} = $subject;
 827                 }
 828         }
 829         die "$P: no git commits after extraction!\n" if (@commits == 0);
 830         @ARGV = @commits;
 831 }
 832
 833 my $vname;
 834 for my $filename (@ARGV) {
 835         my $FILE;
 836         if ($git) {
 837                 open($FILE, '-|', "git format-patch -M --stdout -1 $filename") ||
 838                         die "$P: $filename: git format-patch failed - $!\n";
 839         } elsif ($file) {
 840                 open($FILE, '-|', "diff -u /dev/null $filename") ||
 841                         die "$P: $filename: diff failed - $!\n";
 842         } elsif ($filename eq '-') {
 843                 open($FILE, '<&STDIN');
 844         } else {
 845                 open($FILE, '<', "$filename") ||
 846                         die "$P: $filename: open failed - $!\n";
 847         }
 848         if ($filename eq '-') {
 849                 $vname = 'Your patch';
 850         } elsif ($git) {
 851                 $vname = "Commit " . substr($filename, 0, 12) . ' ("' . $git_commits{$filename} . '")';
 852         } else {
 853                 $vname = $filename;
 854         }
 855         while (<$FILE>) {
 856                 chomp;
 857                 push(@rawlines, $_);
 858         }
 859         close($FILE);
 860
 861         if ($#ARGV > 0 && $quiet == 0) {
 862                 print '-' x length($vname) . "\n";
 863                 print "$vname\n";
 864                 print '-' x length($vname) . "\n";
 865         }
 866
 867         if (!process($filename)) {
 868                 $exit = 1;
 869         }
 870         @rawlines = ();
 871         @lines = ();
 872         @fixed = ();
 873         @fixed_inserted = ();
 874         @fixed_deleted = ();
 875         $fixlinenr = -1;
 876         @modifierListFile = ();
 877         @typeListFile = ();
 878         build_types();
 879 }
 880
 881 if (!$quiet) {
 882         hash_show_words(\%use_type, "Used");
 883         hash_show_words(\%ignore_type, "Ignored");
 884
 885         if ($^V lt 5.10.0) {
 886                 print << "EOM"
 887
 888 NOTE: perl $^V is not modern enough to detect all possible issues.
 889       An upgrade to at least perl v5.10.0 is suggested.
 890 EOM
 891         }
 892         if ($exit) {
 893                 print << "EOM"
 894
 895 NOTE: If any of the errors are false positives, please report
 896       them to the maintainer, see CHECKPATCH in MAINTAINERS.
 897 EOM
 898         }
 899 }
 900
 901 exit($exit);
 902
 903 sub top_of_kernel_tree {
 904         my ($root) = @_;
 905
 906         my @tree_check = (
 907                 "COPYING", "CREDITS", "Kbuild", "MAINTAINERS", "Makefile",
 908                 "README", "Documentation", "arch", "include", "drivers",
 909                 "fs", "init", "ipc", "kernel", "lib", "scripts",
 910         );
 911
 912         foreach my $check (@tree_check) {
 913                 if (! -e $root . '/' . $check) {
 914                         return 0;
 915                 }
 916         }
 917         return 1;
 918 }
 919
 920 sub parse_email {
 921         my ($formatted_email) = @_;
 922
 923         my $name = "";
 924         my $address = "";
 925         my $comment = "";
 926
 927         if ($formatted_email =~ /^(.*)<(\S+\@\S+)>(.*)$/) {
 928                 $name = $1;
 929                 $address = $2;
 930                 $comment = $3 if defined $3;
 931         } elsif ($formatted_email =~ /^\s*<(\S+\@\S+)>(.*)$/) {
 932                 $address = $1;
 933                 $comment = $2 if defined $2;
 934         } elsif ($formatted_email =~ /(\S+\@\S+)(.*)$/) {
 935                 $address = $1;
 936                 $comment = $2 if defined $2;
 937                 $formatted_email =~ s/$address.*$//;
 938                 $name = $formatted_email;
 939                 $name = trim($name);
 940                 $name =~ s/^\"|\"$//g;
 941                 # If there's a name left after stripping spaces and
 942                 # leading quotes, and the address doesn't have both
 943                 # leading and trailing angle brackets, the address
 944                 # is invalid. ie:
 945                 #   "joe smith joe@smith.com" bad
 946                 #   "joe smith <joe@smith.com" bad
 947                 if ($name ne "" && $address !~ /^<[^>]+>$/) {
 948                         $name = "";
 949                         $address = "";
 950                         $comment = "";
 951                 }
 952         }
 953
 954         $name = trim($name);
 955         $name =~ s/^\"|\"$//g;
 956         $address = trim($address);
 957         $address =~ s/^\<|\>$//g;
 958
 959         if ($name =~ /[^\w \-]/i) { ##has "must quote" chars
 960                 $name =~ s/(?<!\\)"/\\"/g; ##escape quotes
 961                 $name = "\"$name\"";
 962         }
 963
 964         return ($name, $address, $comment);
 965 }
 966
 967 sub format_email {
 968         my ($name, $address) = @_;
 969
 970         my $formatted_email;
 971
 972         $name = trim($name);
 973         $name =~ s/^\"|\"$//g;
 974         $address = trim($address);
 975
 976         if ($name =~ /[^\w \-]/i) { ##has "must quote" chars
 977                 $name =~ s/(?<!\\)"/\\"/g; ##escape quotes
 978                 $name = "\"$name\"";
 979         }
 980
 981         if ("$name" eq "") {
 982                 $formatted_email = "$address";
 983         } else {
 984                 $formatted_email = "$name <$address>";
 985         }
 986
 987         return $formatted_email;
 988 }
 989
 990 sub which {
 991         my ($bin) = @_;
 992
 993         foreach my $path (split(/:/, $ENV{PATH})) {
 994                 if (-e "$path/$bin") {
 995                         return "$path/$bin";
 996                 }
 997         }
 998
 999         return "";
1000 }
1001
1002 sub which_conf {
1003         my ($conf) = @_;
1004
1005         foreach my $path (split(/:/, ".:$ENV{HOME}:.scripts")) {
1006                 if (-e "$path/$conf") {
1007                         return "$path/$conf";
1008                 }
1009         }
1010
1011         return "";
1012 }
1013
1014 sub expand_tabs {
1015         my ($str) = @_;
1016
1017         my $res = '';
1018         my $n = 0;
1019         for my $c (split(//, $str)) {
1020                 if ($c eq "\t") {
1021                         $res .= ' ';
1022                         $n++;
1023                         for (; ($n % 8) != 0; $n++) {
1024                                 $res .= ' ';
1025                         }
1026                         next;
1027                 }
1028                 $res .= $c;
1029                 $n++;
1030         }
1031
1032         return $res;
1033 }
1034 sub copy_spacing {
1035         (my $res = shift) =~ tr/\t/ /c;
1036         return $res;
1037 }
1038
1039 sub line_stats {
1040         my ($line) = @_;
1041
1042         # Drop the diff line leader and expand tabs
1043         $line =~ s/^.//;
1044         $line = expand_tabs($line);
1045
1046         # Pick the indent from the front of the line.
1047         my ($white) = ($line =~ /^(\s*)/);
1048
1049         return (length($line), length($white));
1050 }
1051
1052 my $sanitise_quote = '';
1053
1054 sub sanitise_line_reset {
1055         my ($in_comment) = @_;
1056
1057         if ($in_comment) {
1058                 $sanitise_quote = '*/';
1059         } else {
1060                 $sanitise_quote = '';
1061         }
1062 }
1063 sub sanitise_line {
1064         my ($line) = @_;
1065
1066         my $res = '';
1067         my $l = '';
1068
1069         my $qlen = 0;
1070         my $off = 0;
1071         my $c;
1072
1073         # Always copy over the diff marker.
1074         $res = substr($line, 0, 1);
1075
1076         for ($off = 1; $off < length($line); $off++) {
1077                 $c = substr($line, $off, 1);
1078
1079                 # Comments we are wacking completly including the begin
1080                 # and end, all to $;.
1081                 if ($sanitise_quote eq '' && substr($line, $off, 2) eq '/*') {
1082                         $sanitise_quote = '*/';
1083
1084                         substr($res, $off, 2, "$;$;");
1085                         $off++;
1086                         next;
1087                 }
1088                 if ($sanitise_quote eq '*/' && substr($line, $off, 2) eq '*/') {
1089                         $sanitise_quote = '';
1090                         substr($res, $off, 2, "$;$;");
1091                         $off++;
1092                         next;
1093                 }
1094                 if ($sanitise_quote eq '' && substr($line, $off, 2) eq '//') {
1095                         $sanitise_quote = '//';
1096
1097                         substr($res, $off, 2, $sanitise_quote);
1098                         $off++;
1099                         next;
1100                 }
1101
1102                 # A \ in a string means ignore the next character.
1103                 if (($sanitise_quote eq "'" || $sanitise_quote eq '"') &&
1104                     $c eq "\\") {
1105                         substr($res, $off, 2, 'XX');
1106                         $off++;
1107                         next;
1108                 }
1109                 # Regular quotes.
1110                 if ($c eq "'" || $c eq '"') {
1111                         if ($sanitise_quote eq '') {
1112                                 $sanitise_quote = $c;
1113
1114                                 substr($res, $off, 1, $c);
1115                                 next;
1116                         } elsif ($sanitise_quote eq $c) {
1117                                 $sanitise_quote = '';
1118                         }
1119                 }
1120
1121                 #print "c<$c> SQ<$sanitise_quote>\n";
1122                 if ($off != 0 && $sanitise_quote eq '*/' && $c ne "\t") {
1123                         substr($res, $off, 1, $;);
1124                 } elsif ($off != 0 && $sanitise_quote eq '//' && $c ne "\t") {
1125                         substr($res, $off, 1, $;);
1126                 } elsif ($off != 0 && $sanitise_quote && $c ne "\t") {
1127                         substr($res, $off, 1, 'X');
1128                 } else {
1129                         substr($res, $off, 1, $c);
1130                 }
1131         }
1132
1133         if ($sanitise_quote eq '//') {
1134                 $sanitise_quote = '';
1135         }
1136
1137         # The pathname on a #include may be surrounded by '<' and '>'.
1138         if ($res =~ /^.\s*\#\s*include\s+\<(.*)\>/) {
1139                 my $clean = 'X' x length($1);
1140                 $res =~ s@\<.*\>@<$clean>@;
1141
1142         # The whole of a #error is a string.
1143         } elsif ($res =~ /^.\s*\#\s*(?:error|warning)\s+(.*)\b/) {
1144                 my $clean = 'X' x length($1);
1145                 $res =~ s@(\#\s*(?:error|warning)\s+).*@$1$clean@;
1146         }
1147
1148         return $res;
1149 }
1150
1151 sub get_quoted_string {
1152         my ($line, $rawline) = @_;
1153
1154         return "" if ($line !~ m/($String)/g);
1155         return substr($rawline, $-[0], $+[0] - $-[0]);
1156 }
1157
1158 sub ctx_statement_block {
1159         my ($linenr, $remain, $off) = @_;
1160         my $line = $linenr - 1;
1161         my $blk = '';
1162         my $soff = $off;
1163         my $coff = $off - 1;
1164         my $coff_set = 0;
1165
1166         my $loff = 0;
1167
1168         my $type = '';
1169         my $level = 0;
1170         my @stack = ();
1171         my $p;
1172         my $c;
1173         my $len = 0;
1174
1175         my $remainder;
1176         while (1) {
1177                 @stack = (['', 0]) if ($#stack == -1);
1178
1179                 #warn "CSB: blk<$blk> remain<$remain>\n";
1180                 # If we are about to drop off the end, pull in more
1181                 # context.
1182                 if ($off >= $len) {
1183                         for (; $remain > 0; $line++) {
1184                                 last if (!defined $lines[$line]);
1185                                 next if ($lines[$line] =~ /^-/);
1186                                 $remain--;
1187                                 $loff = $len;
1188                                 $blk .= $lines[$line] . "\n";
1189                                 $len = length($blk);
1190                                 $line++;
1191                                 last;
1192                         }
1193                         # Bail if there is no further context.
1194                         #warn "CSB: blk<$blk> off<$off> len<$len>\n";
1195                         if ($off >= $len) {
1196                                 last;
1197                         }
1198                         if ($level == 0 && substr($blk, $off) =~ /^.\s*#\s*define/) {
1199                                 $level++;
1200                                 $type = '#';
1201                         }
1202                 }
1203                 $p = $c;
1204                 $c = substr($blk, $off, 1);
1205                 $remainder = substr($blk, $off);
1206
1207                 #warn "CSB: c<$c> type<$type> level<$level> remainder<$remainder> coff_set<$coff_set>\n";
1208
1209                 # Handle nested #if/#else.
1210                 if ($remainder =~ /^#\s*(?:ifndef|ifdef|if)\s/) {
1211                         push(@stack, [ $type, $level ]);
1212                 } elsif ($remainder =~ /^#\s*(?:else|elif)\b/) {
1213                         ($type, $level) = @{$stack[$#stack - 1]};
1214                 } elsif ($remainder =~ /^#\s*endif\b/) {
1215                         ($type, $level) = @{pop(@stack)};
1216                 }
1217
1218                 # Statement ends at the ';' or a close '}' at the
1219                 # outermost level.
1220                 if ($level == 0 && $c eq ';') {
1221                         last;
1222                 }
1223
1224                 # An else is really a conditional as long as its not else if
1225                 if ($level == 0 && $coff_set == 0 &&
1226                                 (!defined($p) || $p =~ /(?:\s|\}|\+)/) &&
1227                                 $remainder =~ /^(else)(?:\s|{)/ &&
1228                                 $remainder !~ /^else\s+if\b/) {
1229                         $coff = $off + length($1) - 1;
1230                         $coff_set = 1;
1231                         #warn "CSB: mark coff<$coff> soff<$soff> 1<$1>\n";
1232                         #warn "[" . substr($blk, $soff, $coff - $soff + 1) . "]\n";
1233                 }
1234
1235                 if (($type eq '' || $type eq '(') && $c eq '(') {
1236                         $level++;
1237                         $type = '(';
1238                 }
1239                 if ($type eq '(' && $c eq ')') {
1240                         $level--;
1241                         $type = ($level != 0)? '(' : '';
1242
1243                         if ($level == 0 && $coff < $soff) {
1244                                 $coff = $off;
1245                                 $coff_set = 1;
1246                                 #warn "CSB: mark coff<$coff>\n";
1247                         }
1248                 }
1249                 if (($type eq '' || $type eq '{') && $c eq '{') {
1250                         $level++;
1251                         $type = '{';
1252                 }
1253                 if ($type eq '{' && $c eq '}') {
1254                         $level--;
1255                         $type = ($level != 0)? '{' : '';
1256
1257                         if ($level == 0) {
1258                                 if (substr($blk, $off + 1, 1) eq ';') {
1259                                         $off++;
1260                                 }
1261                                 last;
1262                         }
1263                 }
1264                 # Preprocessor commands end at the newline unless escaped.
1265                 if ($type eq '#' && $c eq "\n" && $p ne "\\") {
1266                         $level--;
1267                         $type = '';
1268                         $off++;
1269                         last;
1270                 }
1271                 $off++;
1272         }
1273         # We are truly at the end, so shuffle to the next line.
1274         if ($off == $len) {
1275                 $loff = $len + 1;
1276                 $line++;
1277                 $remain--;
1278         }
1279
1280         my $statement = substr($blk, $soff, $off - $soff + 1);
1281         my $condition = substr($blk, $soff, $coff - $soff + 1);
1282
1283         #warn "STATEMENT<$statement>\n";
1284         #warn "CONDITION<$condition>\n";
1285
1286         #print "coff<$coff> soff<$off> loff<$loff>\n";
1287
1288         return ($statement, $condition,
1289                         $line, $remain + 1, $off - $loff + 1, $level);
1290 }
1291
1292 sub statement_lines {
1293         my ($stmt) = @_;
1294
1295         # Strip the diff line prefixes and rip blank lines at start and end.
1296         $stmt =~ s/(^|\n)./$1/g;
1297         $stmt =~ s/^\s*//;
1298         $stmt =~ s/\s*$//;
1299
1300         my @stmt_lines = ($stmt =~ /\n/g);
1301
1302         return $#stmt_lines + 2;
1303 }
1304
1305 sub statement_rawlines {
1306         my ($stmt) = @_;
1307
1308         my @stmt_lines = ($stmt =~ /\n/g);
1309
1310         return $#stmt_lines + 2;
1311 }
1312
1313 sub statement_block_size {
1314         my ($stmt) = @_;
1315
1316         $stmt =~ s/(^|\n)./$1/g;
1317         $stmt =~ s/^\s*{//;
1318         $stmt =~ s/}\s*$//;
1319         $stmt =~ s/^\s*//;
1320         $stmt =~ s/\s*$//;
1321
1322         my @stmt_lines = ($stmt =~ /\n/g);
1323         my @stmt_statements = ($stmt =~ /;/g);
1324
1325         my $stmt_lines = $#stmt_lines + 2;
1326         my $stmt_statements = $#stmt_statements + 1;
1327
1328         if ($stmt_lines > $stmt_statements) {
1329                 return $stmt_lines;
1330         } else {
1331                 return $stmt_statements;
1332         }
1333 }
1334
1335 sub ctx_statement_full {
1336         my ($linenr, $remain, $off) = @_;
1337         my ($statement, $condition, $level);
1338
1339         my (@chunks);
1340
1341         # Grab the first conditional/block pair.
1342         ($statement, $condition, $linenr, $remain, $off, $level) =
1343                                 ctx_statement_block($linenr, $remain, $off);
1344         #print "F: c<$condition> s<$statement> remain<$remain>\n";
1345         push(@chunks, [ $condition, $statement ]);
1346         if (!($remain > 0 && $condition =~ /^\s*(?:\n[+-])?\s*(?:if|else|do)\b/s)) {
1347                 return ($level, $linenr, @chunks);
1348         }
1349
1350         # Pull in the following conditional/block pairs and see if they
1351         # could continue the statement.
1352         for (;;) {
1353                 ($statement, $condition, $linenr, $remain, $off, $level) =
1354                                 ctx_statement_block($linenr, $remain, $off);
1355                 #print "C: c<$condition> s<$statement> remain<$remain>\n";
1356                 last if (!($remain > 0 && $condition =~ /^(?:\s*\n[+-])*\s*(?:else|do)\b/s));
1357                 #print "C: push\n";
1358                 push(@chunks, [ $condition, $statement ]);
1359         }
1360
1361         return ($level, $linenr, @chunks);
1362 }
1363
1364 sub ctx_block_get {
1365         my ($linenr, $remain, $outer, $open, $close, $off) = @_;
1366         my $line;
1367         my $start = $linenr - 1;
1368         my $blk = '';
1369         my @o;
1370         my @c;
1371         my @res = ();
1372
1373         my $level = 0;
1374         my @stack = ($level);
1375         for ($line = $start; $remain > 0; $line++) {
1376                 next if ($rawlines[$line] =~ /^-/);
1377                 $remain--;
1378
1379                 $blk .= $rawlines[$line];
1380
1381                 # Handle nested #if/#else.
1382                 if ($lines[$line] =~ /^.\s*#\s*(?:ifndef|ifdef|if)\s/) {
1383                         push(@stack, $level);
1384                 } elsif ($lines[$line] =~ /^.\s*#\s*(?:else|elif)\b/) {
1385                         $level = $stack[$#stack - 1];
1386                 } elsif ($lines[$line] =~ /^.\s*#\s*endif\b/) {
1387                         $level = pop(@stack);
1388                 }
1389
1390                 foreach my $c (split(//, $lines[$line])) {
1391                         ##print "C<$c>L<$level><$open$close>O<$off>\n";
1392                         if ($off > 0) {
1393                                 $off--;
1394                                 next;
1395                         }
1396
1397                         if ($c eq $close && $level > 0) {
1398                                 $level--;
1399                                 last if ($level == 0);
1400                         } elsif ($c eq $open) {
1401                                 $level++;
1402                         }
1403                 }
1404
1405                 if (!$outer || $level <= 1) {
1406                         push(@res, $rawlines[$line]);
1407                 }
1408
1409                 last if ($level == 0);
1410         }
1411
1412         return ($level, @res);
1413 }
1414 sub ctx_block_outer {
1415         my ($linenr, $remain) = @_;
1416
1417         my ($level, @r) = ctx_block_get($linenr, $remain, 1, '{', '}', 0);
1418         return @r;
1419 }
1420 sub ctx_block {
1421         my ($linenr, $remain) = @_;
1422
1423         my ($level, @r) = ctx_block_get($linenr, $remain, 0, '{', '}', 0);
1424         return @r;
1425 }
1426 sub ctx_statement {
1427         my ($linenr, $remain, $off) = @_;
1428
1429         my ($level, @r) = ctx_block_get($linenr, $remain, 0, '(', ')', $off);
1430         return @r;
1431 }
1432 sub ctx_block_level {
1433         my ($linenr, $remain) = @_;
1434
1435         return ctx_block_get($linenr, $remain, 0, '{', '}', 0);
1436 }
1437 sub ctx_statement_level {
1438         my ($linenr, $remain, $off) = @_;
1439
1440         return ctx_block_get($linenr, $remain, 0, '(', ')', $off);
1441 }
1442
1443 sub ctx_locate_comment {
1444         my ($first_line, $end_line) = @_;
1445
1446         # Catch a comment on the end of the line itself.
1447         my ($current_comment) = ($rawlines[$end_line - 1] =~ m@.*(/\*.*\*/)\s*(?:\\\s*)?$@);
1448         return $current_comment if (defined $current_comment);
1449
1450         # Look through the context and try and figure out if there is a
1451         # comment.
1452         my $in_comment = 0;
1453         $current_comment = '';
1454         for (my $linenr = $first_line; $linenr < $end_line; $linenr++) {
1455                 my $line = $rawlines[$linenr - 1];
1456                 #warn "           $line\n";
1457                 if ($linenr == $first_line and $line =~ m@^.\s*\*@) {
1458                         $in_comment = 1;
1459                 }
1460                 if ($line =~ m@/\*@) {
1461                         $in_comment = 1;
1462                 }
1463                 if (!$in_comment && $current_comment ne '') {
1464                         $current_comment = '';
1465                 }
1466                 $current_comment .= $line . "\n" if ($in_comment);
1467                 if ($line =~ m@\*/@) {
1468                         $in_comment = 0;
1469                 }
1470         }
1471
1472         chomp($current_comment);
1473         return($current_comment);
1474 }
1475 sub ctx_has_comment {
1476         my ($first_line, $end_line) = @_;
1477         my $cmt = ctx_locate_comment($first_line, $end_line);
1478
1479         ##print "LINE: $rawlines[$end_line - 1 ]\n";
1480         ##print "CMMT: $cmt\n";
1481
1482         return ($cmt ne '');
1483 }
1484
1485 sub raw_line {
1486         my ($linenr, $cnt) = @_;
1487
1488         my $offset = $linenr - 1;
1489         $cnt++;
1490
1491         my $line;
1492         while ($cnt) {
1493                 $line = $rawlines[$offset++];
1494                 next if (defined($line) && $line =~ /^-/);
1495                 $cnt--;
1496         }
1497
1498         return $line;
1499 }
1500
1501 sub cat_vet {
1502         my ($vet) = @_;
1503         my ($res, $coded);
1504
1505         $res = '';
1506         while ($vet =~ /([^[:cntrl:]]*)([[:cntrl:]]|$)/g) {
1507                 $res .= $1;
1508                 if ($2 ne '') {
1509                         $coded = sprintf("^%c", unpack('C', $2) + 64);
1510                         $res .= $coded;
1511                 }
1512         }
1513         $res =~ s/$/\$/;
1514
1515         return $res;
1516 }
1517
1518 my $av_preprocessor = 0;
1519 my $av_pending;
1520 my @av_paren_type;
1521 my $av_pend_colon;
1522
1523 sub annotate_reset {
1524         $av_preprocessor = 0;
1525         $av_pending = '_';
1526         @av_paren_type = ('E');
1527         $av_pend_colon = 'O';
1528 }
1529
1530 sub annotate_values {
1531         my ($stream, $type) = @_;
1532
1533         my $res;
1534         my $var = '_' x length($stream);
1535         my $cur = $stream;
1536
1537         print "$stream\n" if ($dbg_values > 1);
1538
1539         while (length($cur)) {
1540                 @av_paren_type = ('E') if ($#av_paren_type < 0);
1541                 print " <" . join('', @av_paren_type) .
1542                                 "> <$type> <$av_pending>" if ($dbg_values > 1);
1543                 if ($cur =~ /^(\s+)/o) {
1544                         print "WS($1)\n" if ($dbg_values > 1);
1545                         if ($1 =~ /\n/ && $av_preprocessor) {
1546                                 $type = pop(@av_paren_type);
1547                                 $av_preprocessor = 0;
1548                         }
1549
1550                 } elsif ($cur =~ /^(\(\s*$Type\s*)\)/ && $av_pending eq '_') {
1551                         print "CAST($1)\n" if ($dbg_values > 1);
1552                         push(@av_paren_type, $type);
1553                         $type = 'c';
1554
1555                 } elsif ($cur =~ /^($Type)\s*(?:$Ident|,|\)|\(|\s*$)/) {
1556                         print "DECLARE($1)\n" if ($dbg_values > 1);
1557                         $type = 'T';
1558
1559                 } elsif ($cur =~ /^($Modifier)\s*/) {
1560                         print "MODIFIER($1)\n" if ($dbg_values > 1);
1561                         $type = 'T';
1562
1563                 } elsif ($cur =~ /^(\#\s*define\s*$Ident)(\(?)/o) {
1564                         print "DEFINE($1,$2)\n" if ($dbg_values > 1);
1565                         $av_preprocessor = 1;
1566                         push(@av_paren_type, $type);
1567                         if ($2 ne '') {
1568                                 $av_pending = 'N';
1569                         }
1570                         $type = 'E';
1571
1572                 } elsif ($cur =~ /^(\#\s*(?:undef\s*$Ident|include\b))/o) {
1573                         print "UNDEF($1)\n" if ($dbg_values > 1);
1574                         $av_preprocessor = 1;
1575                         push(@av_paren_type, $type);
1576
1577                 } elsif ($cur =~ /^(\#\s*(?:ifdef|ifndef|if))/o) {
1578                         print "PRE_START($1)\n" if ($dbg_values > 1);
1579                         $av_preprocessor = 1;
1580
1581                         push(@av_paren_type, $type);
1582                         push(@av_paren_type, $type);
1583                         $type = 'E';
1584
1585                 } elsif ($cur =~ /^(\#\s*(?:else|elif))/o) {
1586                         print "PRE_RESTART($1)\n" if ($dbg_values > 1);
1587                         $av_preprocessor = 1;
1588
1589                         push(@av_paren_type, $av_paren_type[$#av_paren_type]);
1590
1591                         $type = 'E';
1592
1593                 } elsif ($cur =~ /^(\#\s*(?:endif))/o) {
1594                         print "PRE_END($1)\n" if ($dbg_values > 1);
1595
1596                         $av_preprocessor = 1;
1597
1598                         # Assume all arms of the conditional end as this
1599                         # one does, and continue as if the #endif was not here.
1600                         pop(@av_paren_type);
1601                         push(@av_paren_type, $type);
1602                         $type = 'E';
1603
1604                 } elsif ($cur =~ /^(\\\n)/o) {
1605                         print "PRECONT($1)\n" if ($dbg_values > 1);
1606
1607                 } elsif ($cur =~ /^(__attribute__)\s*\(?/o) {
1608                         print "ATTR($1)\n" if ($dbg_values > 1);
1609                         $av_pending = $type;
1610                         $type = 'N';
1611
1612                 } elsif ($cur =~ /^(sizeof)\s*(\()?/o) {
1613                         print "SIZEOF($1)\n" if ($dbg_values > 1);
1614                         if (defined $2) {
1615                                 $av_pending = 'V';
1616                         }
1617                         $type = 'N';
1618
1619                 } elsif ($cur =~ /^(if|while|for)\b/o) {
1620                         print "COND($1)\n" if ($dbg_values > 1);
1621                         $av_pending = 'E';
1622                         $type = 'N';
1623
1624                 } elsif ($cur =~/^(case)/o) {
1625                         print "CASE($1)\n" if ($dbg_values > 1);
1626                         $av_pend_colon = 'C';
1627                         $type = 'N';
1628
1629                 } elsif ($cur =~/^(return|else|goto|typeof|__typeof__)\b/o) {
1630                         print "KEYWORD($1)\n" if ($dbg_values > 1);
1631                         $type = 'N';
1632
1633                 } elsif ($cur =~ /^(\()/o) {
1634                         print "PAREN('$1')\n" if ($dbg_values > 1);
1635                         push(@av_paren_type, $av_pending);
1636                         $av_pending = '_';
1637                         $type = 'N';
1638
1639                 } elsif ($cur =~ /^(\))/o) {
1640                         my $new_type = pop(@av_paren_type);
1641                         if ($new_type ne '_') {
1642                                 $type = $new_type;
1643                                 print "PAREN('$1') -> $type\n"
1644                                                         if ($dbg_values > 1);
1645                         } else {
1646                                 print "PAREN('$1')\n" if ($dbg_values > 1);
1647                         }
1648
1649                 } elsif ($cur =~ /^($Ident)\s*\(/o) {
1650                         print "FUNC($1)\n" if ($dbg_values > 1);
1651                         $type = 'V';
1652                         $av_pending = 'V';
1653
1654                 } elsif ($cur =~ /^($Ident\s*):(?:\s*\d+\s*(,|=|;))?/) {
1655                         if (defined $2 && $type eq 'C' || $type eq 'T') {
1656                                 $av_pend_colon = 'B';
1657                         } elsif ($type eq 'E') {
1658                                 $av_pend_colon = 'L';
1659                         }
1660                         print "IDENT_COLON($1,$type>$av_pend_colon)\n" if ($dbg_values > 1);
1661                         $type = 'V';
1662
1663                 } elsif ($cur =~ /^($Ident|$Constant)/o) {
1664                         print "IDENT($1)\n" if ($dbg_values > 1);
1665                         $type = 'V';
1666
1667                 } elsif ($cur =~ /^($Assignment)/o) {
1668                         print "ASSIGN($1)\n" if ($dbg_values > 1);
1669                         $type = 'N';
1670
1671                 } elsif ($cur =~/^(;|{|})/) {
1672                         print "END($1)\n" if ($dbg_values > 1);
1673                         $type = 'E';
1674                         $av_pend_colon = 'O';
1675
1676                 } elsif ($cur =~/^(,)/) {
1677                         print "COMMA($1)\n" if ($dbg_values > 1);
1678                         $type = 'C';
1679
1680                 } elsif ($cur =~ /^(\?)/o) {
1681                         print "QUESTION($1)\n" if ($dbg_values > 1);
1682                         $type = 'N';
1683
1684                 } elsif ($cur =~ /^(:)/o) {
1685                         print "COLON($1,$av_pend_colon)\n" if ($dbg_values > 1);
1686
1687                         substr($var, length($res), 1, $av_pend_colon);
1688                         if ($av_pend_colon eq 'C' || $av_pend_colon eq 'L') {
1689                                 $type = 'E';
1690                         } else {
1691                                 $type = 'N';
1692                         }
1693                         $av_pend_colon = 'O';
1694
1695                 } elsif ($cur =~ /^(\[)/o) {
1696                         print "CLOSE($1)\n" if ($dbg_values > 1);
1697                         $type = 'N';
1698
1699                 } elsif ($cur =~ /^(-(?![->])|\+(?!\+)|\*|\&\&|\&)/o) {
1700                         my $variant;
1701
1702                         print "OPV($1)\n" if ($dbg_values > 1);
1703                         if ($type eq 'V') {
1704                                 $variant = 'B';
1705                         } else {
1706                                 $variant = 'U';
1707                         }
1708
1709                         substr($var, length($res), 1, $variant);
1710                         $type = 'N';
1711
1712                 } elsif ($cur =~ /^($Operators)/o) {
1713                         print "OP($1)\n" if ($dbg_values > 1);
1714                         if ($1 ne '++' && $1 ne '--') {
1715                                 $type = 'N';
1716                         }
1717
1718                 } elsif ($cur =~ /(^.)/o) {
1719                         print "C($1)\n" if ($dbg_values > 1);
1720                 }
1721                 if (defined $1) {
1722                         $cur = substr($cur, length($1));
1723                         $res .= $type x length($1);
1724                 }
1725         }
1726
1727         return ($res, $var);
1728 }
1729
1730 sub possible {
1731         my ($possible, $line) = @_;
1732         my $notPermitted = qr{(?:
1733                 ^(?:
1734                         $Modifier|
1735                         $Storage|
1736                         $Type|
1737                         DEFINE_\S+
1738                 )$|
1739                 ^(?:
1740                         goto|
1741                         return|
1742                         case|
1743                         else|
1744                         asm|__asm__|
1745                         do|
1746                         \#|
1747                         \#\#|
1748                 )(?:\s|$)|
1749                 ^(?:typedef|struct|enum)\b
1750             )}x;
1751         warn "CHECK<$possible> ($line)\n" if ($dbg_possible > 2);
1752         if ($possible !~ $notPermitted) {
1753                 # Check for modifiers.
1754                 $possible =~ s/\s*$Storage\s*//g;
1755                 $possible =~ s/\s*$Sparse\s*//g;
1756                 if ($possible =~ /^\s*$/) {
1757
1758                 } elsif ($possible =~ /\s/) {
1759                         $possible =~ s/\s*$Type\s*//g;
1760                         for my $modifier (split(' ', $possible)) {
1761                                 if ($modifier !~ $notPermitted) {
1762                                         warn "MODIFIER: $modifier ($possible) ($line)\n" if ($dbg_possible);
1763                                         push(@modifierListFile, $modifier);
1764                                 }
1765                         }
1766
1767                 } else {
1768                         warn "POSSIBLE: $possible ($line)\n" if ($dbg_possible);
1769                         push(@typeListFile, $possible);
1770                 }
1771                 build_types();
1772         } else {
1773                 warn "NOTPOSS: $possible ($line)\n" if ($dbg_possible > 1);
1774         }
1775 }
1776
1777 my $prefix = '';
1778
1779 sub show_type {
1780         my ($type) = @_;
1781
1782         return defined $use_type{$type} if (scalar keys %use_type > 0);
1783
1784         return !defined $ignore_type{$type};
1785 }
1786
1787 sub report {
1788         my ($level, $type, $msg) = @_;
1789
1790         if (!show_type($type) ||
1791             (defined $tst_only && $msg !~ /\Q$tst_only\E/)) {
1792                 return 0;
1793         }
1794         my $output = '';
1795         if (-t STDOUT && $color) {
1796                 if ($level eq 'ERROR') {
1797                         $output .= RED;
1798                 } elsif ($level eq 'WARNING') {
1799                         $output .= YELLOW;
1800                 } else {
1801                         $output .= GREEN;
1802                 }
1803         }
1804         $output .= $prefix . $level . ':';
1805         if ($show_types) {
1806                 $output .= BLUE if (-t STDOUT && $color);
1807                 $output .= "$type:";
1808         }
1809         $output .= RESET if (-t STDOUT && $color);
1810         $output .= ' ' . $msg . "\n";
1811
1812         if ($showfile) {
1813                 my @lines = split("\n", $output, -1);
1814                 splice(@lines, 1, 1);
1815                 $output = join("\n", @lines);
1816         }
1817         $output = (split('\n', $output))[0] . "\n" if ($terse);
1818
1819         push(our @report, $output);
1820
1821         return 1;
1822 }
1823
1824 sub report_dump {
1825         our @report;
1826 }
1827
1828 sub fixup_current_range {
1829         my ($lineRef, $offset, $length) = @_;
1830
1831         if ($$lineRef =~ /^\@\@ -\d+,\d+ \+(\d+),(\d+) \@\@/) {
1832                 my $o = $1;
1833                 my $l = $2;
1834                 my $no = $o + $offset;
1835                 my $nl = $l + $length;
1836                 $$lineRef =~ s/\+$o,$l \@\@/\+$no,$nl \@\@/;
1837         }
1838 }
1839
1840 sub fix_inserted_deleted_lines {
1841         my ($linesRef, $insertedRef, $deletedRef) = @_;
1842
1843         my $range_last_linenr = 0;
1844         my $delta_offset = 0;
1845
1846         my $old_linenr = 0;
1847         my $new_linenr = 0;
1848
1849         my $next_insert = 0;
1850         my $next_delete = 0;
1851
1852         my @lines = ();
1853
1854         my $inserted = @{$insertedRef}[$next_insert++];
1855         my $deleted = @{$deletedRef}[$next_delete++];
1856
1857         foreach my $old_line (@{$linesRef}) {
1858                 my $save_line = 1;
1859                 my $line = $old_line;   #don't modify the array
1860                 if ($line =~ /^(?:\+\+\+|\-\-\-)\s+\S+/) {      #new filename
1861                         $delta_offset = 0;
1862                 } elsif ($line =~ /^\@\@ -\d+,\d+ \+\d+,\d+ \@\@/) {    #new hunk
1863                         $range_last_linenr = $new_linenr;
1864                         fixup_current_range(\$line, $delta_offset, 0);
1865                 }
1866
1867                 while (defined($deleted) && ${$deleted}{'LINENR'} == $old_linenr) {
1868                         $deleted = @{$deletedRef}[$next_delete++];
1869                         $save_line = 0;
1870                         fixup_current_range(\$lines[$range_last_linenr], $delta_offset--, -1);
1871                 }
1872
1873                 while (defined($inserted) && ${$inserted}{'LINENR'} == $old_linenr) {
1874                         push(@lines, ${$inserted}{'LINE'});
1875                         $inserted = @{$insertedRef}[$next_insert++];
1876                         $new_linenr++;
1877                         fixup_current_range(\$lines[$range_last_linenr], $delta_offset++, 1);
1878                 }
1879
1880                 if ($save_line) {
1881                         push(@lines, $line);
1882                         $new_linenr++;
1883                 }
1884
1885                 $old_linenr++;
1886         }
1887
1888         return @lines;
1889 }
1890
1891 sub fix_insert_line {
1892         my ($linenr, $line) = @_;
1893
1894         my $inserted = {
1895                 LINENR => $linenr,
1896                 LINE => $line,
1897         };
1898         push(@fixed_inserted, $inserted);
1899 }
1900
1901 sub fix_delete_line {
1902         my ($linenr, $line) = @_;
1903
1904         my $deleted = {
1905                 LINENR => $linenr,
1906                 LINE => $line,
1907         };
1908
1909         push(@fixed_deleted, $deleted);
1910 }
1911
1912 sub ERROR {
1913         my ($type, $msg) = @_;
1914
1915         if (report("ERROR", $type, $msg)) {
1916                 our $clean = 0;
1917                 our $cnt_error++;
1918                 return 1;
1919         }
1920         return 0;
1921 }
1922 sub WARN {
1923         my ($type, $msg) = @_;
1924
1925         if (report("WARNING", $type, $msg)) {
1926                 our $clean = 0;
1927                 our $cnt_warn++;
1928                 return 1;
1929         }
1930         return 0;
1931 }
1932 sub CHK {
1933         my ($type, $msg) = @_;
1934
1935         if ($check && report("CHECK", $type, $msg)) {
1936                 our $clean = 0;
1937                 our $cnt_chk++;
1938                 return 1;
1939         }
1940         return 0;
1941 }
1942
1943 sub check_absolute_file {
1944         my ($absolute, $herecurr) = @_;
1945         my $file = $absolute;
1946
1947         ##print "absolute<$absolute>\n";
1948
1949         # See if any suffix of this path is a path within the tree.
1950         while ($file =~ s@^[^/]*/@@) {
1951                 if (-f "$root/$file") {
1952                         ##print "file<$file>\n";
1953                         last;
1954                 }
1955         }
1956         if (! -f _)  {
1957                 return 0;
1958         }
1959
1960         # It is, so see if the prefix is acceptable.
1961         my $prefix = $absolute;
1962         substr($prefix, -length($file)) = '';
1963
1964         ##print "prefix<$prefix>\n";
1965         if ($prefix ne ".../") {
1966                 WARN("USE_RELATIVE_PATH",
1967                      "use relative pathname instead of absolute in changelog text\n" . $herecurr);
1968         }
1969 }
1970
1971 sub trim {
1972         my ($string) = @_;
1973
1974         $string =~ s/^\s+|\s+$//g;
1975
1976         return $string;
1977 }
1978
1979 sub ltrim {
1980         my ($string) = @_;
1981
1982         $string =~ s/^\s+//;
1983
1984         return $string;
1985 }
1986
1987 sub rtrim {
1988         my ($string) = @_;
1989
1990         $string =~ s/\s+$//;
1991
1992         return $string;
1993 }
1994
1995 sub string_find_replace {
1996         my ($string, $find, $replace) = @_;
1997
1998         $string =~ s/$find/$replace/g;
1999
2000         return $string;
2001 }
2002
2003 sub tabify {
2004         my ($leading) = @_;
2005
2006         my $source_indent = 8;
2007         my $max_spaces_before_tab = $source_indent - 1;
2008         my $spaces_to_tab = " " x $source_indent;
2009
2010         #convert leading spaces to tabs
2011         1 while $leading =~ s@^([\t]*)$spaces_to_tab@$1\t@g;
2012         #Remove spaces before a tab
2013         1 while $leading =~ s@^([\t]*)( {1,$max_spaces_before_tab})\t@$1\t@g;
2014
2015         return "$leading";
2016 }
2017
2018 sub pos_last_openparen {
2019         my ($line) = @_;
2020
2021         my $pos = 0;
2022
2023         my $opens = $line =~ tr/\(/\(/;
2024         my $closes = $line =~ tr/\)/\)/;
2025
2026         my $last_openparen = 0;
2027
2028         if (($opens == 0) || ($closes >= $opens)) {
2029                 return -1;
2030         }
2031
2032         my $len = length($line);
2033
2034         for ($pos = 0; $pos < $len; $pos++) {
2035                 my $string = substr($line, $pos);
2036                 if ($string =~ /^($FuncArg|$balanced_parens)/) {
2037                         $pos += length($1) - 1;
2038                 } elsif (substr($line, $pos, 1) eq '(') {
2039                         $last_openparen = $pos;
2040                 } elsif (index($string, '(') == -1) {
2041                         last;
2042                 }
2043         }
2044
2045         return length(expand_tabs(substr($line, 0, $last_openparen))) + 1;
2046 }
2047
2048 sub process {
2049         my $filename = shift;
2050
2051         my $linenr=0;
2052         my $prevline="";
2053         my $prevrawline="";
2054         my $stashline="";
2055         my $stashrawline="";
2056
2057         my $length;
2058         my $indent;
2059         my $previndent=0;
2060         my $stashindent=0;
2061
2062         our $clean = 1;
2063         my $signoff = 0;
2064         my $is_patch = 0;
2065         my $in_header_lines = $file ? 0 : 1;
2066         my $in_commit_log = 0;          #Scanning lines before patch
2067        my $commit_log_possible_stack_dump = 0;
2068         my $commit_log_long_line = 0;
2069         my $commit_log_has_diff = 0;
2070         my $reported_maintainer_file = 0;
2071         my $non_utf8_charset = 0;
2072
2073         my $last_blank_line = 0;
2074         my $last_coalesced_string_linenr = -1;
2075
2076         our @report = ();
2077         our $cnt_lines = 0;
2078         our $cnt_error = 0;
2079         our $cnt_warn = 0;
2080         our $cnt_chk = 0;
2081
2082         # Trace the real file/line as we go.
2083         my $realfile = '';
2084         my $realline = 0;
2085         my $realcnt = 0;
2086         my $here = '';
2087         my $in_comment = 0;
2088         my $comment_edge = 0;
2089         my $first_line = 0;
2090         my $p1_prefix = '';
2091
2092         my $prev_values = 'E';
2093
2094         # suppression flags
2095         my %suppress_ifbraces;
2096         my %suppress_whiletrailers;
2097         my %suppress_export;
2098         my $suppress_statement = 0;
2099
2100         my %signatures = ();
2101
2102         # Pre-scan the patch sanitizing the lines.
2103         # Pre-scan the patch looking for any __setup documentation.
2104         #
2105         my @setup_docs = ();
2106         my $setup_docs = 0;
2107
2108         my $camelcase_file_seeded = 0;
2109
2110         sanitise_line_reset();
2111         my $line;
2112         foreach my $rawline (@rawlines) {
2113                 $linenr++;
2114                 $line = $rawline;
2115
2116                 push(@fixed, $rawline) if ($fix);
2117
2118                 if ($rawline=~/^\+\+\+\s+(\S+)/) {
2119                         $setup_docs = 0;
2120                         if ($1 =~ m@Documentation/kernel-parameters.txt$@) {
2121                                 $setup_docs = 1;
2122                         }
2123                         #next;
2124                 }
2125                 if ($rawline=~/^\@\@ -\d+(?:,\d+)? \+(\d+)(,(\d+))? \@\@/) {
2126                         $realline=$1-1;
2127                         if (defined $2) {
2128                                 $realcnt=$3+1;
2129                         } else {
2130                                 $realcnt=1+1;
2131                         }
2132                         $in_comment = 0;
2133
2134                         # Guestimate if this is a continuing comment.  Run
2135                         # the context looking for a comment "edge".  If this
2136                         # edge is a close comment then we must be in a comment
2137                         # at context start.
2138                         my $edge;
2139                         my $cnt = $realcnt;
2140                         for (my $ln = $linenr + 1; $cnt > 0; $ln++) {
2141                                 next if (defined $rawlines[$ln - 1] &&
2142                                          $rawlines[$ln - 1] =~ /^-/);
2143                                 $cnt--;
2144                                 #print "RAW<$rawlines[$ln - 1]>\n";
2145                                 last if (!defined $rawlines[$ln - 1]);
2146                                 if ($rawlines[$ln - 1] =~ m@(/\*|\*/)@ &&
2147                                     $rawlines[$ln - 1] !~ m@"[^"]*(?:/\*|\*/)[^"]*"@) {
2148                                         ($edge) = $1;
2149                                         last;
2150                                 }
2151                         }
2152                         if (defined $edge && $edge eq '*/') {
2153                                 $in_comment = 1;
2154                         }
2155
2156                         # Guestimate if this is a continuing comment.  If this
2157                         # is the start of a diff block and this line starts
2158                         # ' *' then it is very likely a comment.
2159                         if (!defined $edge &&
2160                             $rawlines[$linenr] =~ m@^.\s*(?:\*\*+| \*)(?:\s|$)@)
2161                         {
2162                                 $in_comment = 1;
2163                         }
2164
2165                         ##print "COMMENT:$in_comment edge<$edge> $rawline\n";
2166                         sanitise_line_reset($in_comment);
2167
2168                 } elsif ($realcnt && $rawline =~ /^(?:\+| |$)/) {
2169                         # Standardise the strings and chars within the input to
2170                         # simplify matching -- only bother with positive lines.
2171                         $line = sanitise_line($rawline);
2172                 }
2173                 push(@lines, $line);
2174
2175                 if ($realcnt > 1) {
2176                         $realcnt-- if ($line =~ /^(?:\+| |$)/);
2177                 } else {
2178                         $realcnt = 0;
2179                 }
2180
2181                 #print "==>$rawline\n";
2182                 #print "-->$line\n";
2183
2184                 if ($setup_docs && $line =~ /^\+/) {
2185                         push(@setup_docs, $line);
2186                 }
2187         }
2188
2189         $prefix = '';
2190
2191         $realcnt = 0;
2192         $linenr = 0;
2193         $fixlinenr = -1;
2194         foreach my $line (@lines) {
2195                 $linenr++;
2196                 $fixlinenr++;
2197                 my $sline = $line;      #copy of $line
2198                 $sline =~ s/$;/ /g;     #with comments as spaces
2199
2200                 my $rawline = $rawlines[$linenr - 1];
2201
2202 #extract the line range in the file after the patch is applied
2203                 if (!$in_commit_log &&
2204                     $line =~ /^\@\@ -\d+(?:,\d+)? \+(\d+)(,(\d+))? \@\@/) {
2205                         $is_patch = 1;
2206                         $first_line = $linenr + 1;
2207                         $realline=$1-1;
2208                         if (defined $2) {
2209                                 $realcnt=$3+1;
2210                         } else {
2211                                 $realcnt=1+1;
2212                         }
2213                         annotate_reset();
2214                         $prev_values = 'E';
2215
2216                         %suppress_ifbraces = ();
2217                         %suppress_whiletrailers = ();
2218                         %suppress_export = ();
2219                         $suppress_statement = 0;
2220                         next;
2221
2222 # track the line number as we move through the hunk, note that
2223 # new versions of GNU diff omit the leading space on completely
2224 # blank context lines so we need to count that too.
2225                 } elsif ($line =~ /^( |\+|$)/) {
2226                         $realline++;
2227                         $realcnt-- if ($realcnt != 0);
2228
2229                         # Measure the line length and indent.
2230                         ($length, $indent) = line_stats($rawline);
2231
2232                         # Track the previous line.
2233                         ($prevline, $stashline) = ($stashline, $line);
2234                         ($previndent, $stashindent) = ($stashindent, $indent);
2235                         ($prevrawline, $stashrawline) = ($stashrawline, $rawline);
2236
2237                         #warn "line<$line>\n";
2238
2239                 } elsif ($realcnt == 1) {
2240                         $realcnt--;
2241                 }
2242
2243                 my $hunk_line = ($realcnt != 0);
2244
2245                 $here = "#$linenr: " if (!$file);
2246                 $here = "#$realline: " if ($file);
2247
2248                 my $found_file = 0;
2249                 # extract the filename as it passes
2250                 if ($line =~ /^diff --git.*?(\S+)$/) {
2251                         $realfile = $1;
2252                         $realfile =~ s@^([^/]*)/@@ if (!$file);
2253                         $in_commit_log = 0;
2254                         $found_file = 1;
2255                 } elsif ($line =~ /^\+\+\+\s+(\S+)/) {
2256                         $realfile = $1;
2257                         $realfile =~ s@^([^/]*)/@@ if (!$file);
2258                         $in_commit_log = 0;
2259
2260                         $p1_prefix = $1;
2261                         if (!$file && $tree && $p1_prefix ne '' &&
2262                             -e "$root/$p1_prefix") {
2263                                 WARN("PATCH_PREFIX",
2264                                      "patch prefix '$p1_prefix' exists, appears to be a -p0 patch\n");
2265                         }
2266
2267                         if ($realfile =~ m@^include/asm/@) {
2268                                 ERROR("MODIFIED_INCLUDE_ASM",
2269                                       "do not modify files in include/asm, change architecture specific files in include/asm-<architecture>\n" . "$here$rawline\n");
2270                         }
2271                         $found_file = 1;
2272                 }
2273
2274 #make up the handle for any error we report on this line
2275                 if ($showfile) {
2276                         $prefix = "$realfile:$realline: "
2277                 } elsif ($emacs) {
2278                         if ($file) {
2279                                 $prefix = "$filename:$realline: ";
2280                         } else {
2281                                 $prefix = "$filename:$linenr: ";
2282                         }
2283                 }
2284
2285                 if ($found_file) {
2286                         if ($realfile =~ m@^(?:drivers/net/|net/|drivers/staging/)@) {
2287                                 $check = 1;
2288                         } else {
2289                                 $check = $check_orig;
2290                         }
2291                         next;
2292                 }
2293
2294                 $here .= "FILE: $realfile:$realline:" if ($realcnt != 0);
2295
2296                 my $hereline = "$here\n$rawline\n";
2297                 my $herecurr = "$here\n$rawline\n";
2298                 my $hereprev = "$here\n$prevrawline\n$rawline\n";
2299
2300                 $cnt_lines++ if ($realcnt != 0);
2301
2302 # Check if the commit log has what seems like a diff which can confuse patch
2303                 if ($in_commit_log && !$commit_log_has_diff &&
2304                     (($line =~ m@^\s+diff\b.*a/[\w/]+@ &&
2305                       $line =~ m@^\s+diff\b.*a/([\w/]+)\s+b/$1\b@) ||
2306                      $line =~ m@^\s*(?:\-\-\-\s+a/|\+\+\+\s+b/)@ ||
2307                      $line =~ m/^\s*\@\@ \-\d+,\d+ \+\d+,\d+ \@\@/)) {
2308                         ERROR("DIFF_IN_COMMIT_MSG",
2309                               "Avoid using diff content in the commit message - patch(1) might not work\n" . $herecurr);
2310                         $commit_log_has_diff = 1;
2311                 }
2312
2313 # Check for incorrect file permissions
2314                 if ($line =~ /^new (file )?mode.*[7531]\d{0,2}$/) {
2315                         my $permhere = $here . "FILE: $realfile\n";
2316                         if ($realfile !~ m@scripts/@ &&
2317                             $realfile !~ /\.(py|pl|awk|sh)$/) {
2318                                 ERROR("EXECUTE_PERMISSIONS",
2319                                       "do not set execute permissions for source files\n" . $permhere);
2320                         }
2321                 }
2322
2323 # Check the patch for a signoff:
2324                 if ($line =~ /^\s*signed-off-by:/i) {
2325                         $signoff++;
2326                         $in_commit_log = 0;
2327                 }
2328
2329 # Check if MAINTAINERS is being updated.  If so, there's probably no need to
2330 # emit the "does MAINTAINERS need updating?" message on file add/move/delete
2331                 if ($line =~ /^\s*MAINTAINERS\s*\|/) {
2332                         $reported_maintainer_file = 1;
2333                 }
2334
2335 # Check signature styles
2336                 if (!$in_header_lines &&
2337                     $line =~ /^(\s*)([a-z0-9_-]+by:|$signature_tags)(\s*)(.*)/i) {
2338                         my $space_before = $1;
2339                         my $sign_off = $2;
2340                         my $space_after = $3;
2341                         my $email = $4;
2342                         my $ucfirst_sign_off = ucfirst(lc($sign_off));
2343
2344                         if ($sign_off !~ /$signature_tags/) {
2345                                 WARN("BAD_SIGN_OFF",
2346                                      "Non-standard signature: $sign_off\n" . $herecurr);
2347                         }
2348                         if (defined $space_before && $space_before ne "") {
2349                                 if (WARN("BAD_SIGN_OFF",
2350                                          "Do not use whitespace before $ucfirst_sign_off\n" . $herecurr) &&
2351                                     $fix) {
2352                                         $fixed[$fixlinenr] =
2353                                             "$ucfirst_sign_off $email";
2354                                 }
2355                         }
2356                         if ($sign_off =~ /-by:$/i && $sign_off ne $ucfirst_sign_off) {
2357                                 if (WARN("BAD_SIGN_OFF",
2358                                          "'$ucfirst_sign_off' is the preferred signature form\n" . $herecurr) &&
2359                                     $fix) {
2360                                         $fixed[$fixlinenr] =
2361                                             "$ucfirst_sign_off $email";
2362                                 }
2363
2364                         }
2365                         if (!defined $space_after || $space_after ne " ") {
2366                                 if (WARN("BAD_SIGN_OFF",
2367                                          "Use a single space after $ucfirst_sign_off\n" . $herecurr) &&
2368                                     $fix) {
2369                                         $fixed[$fixlinenr] =
2370                                             "$ucfirst_sign_off $email";
2371                                 }
2372                         }
2373
2374                         my ($email_name, $email_address, $comment) = parse_email($email);
2375                         my $suggested_email = format_email(($email_name, $email_address));
2376                         if ($suggested_email eq "") {
2377                                 ERROR("BAD_SIGN_OFF",
2378                                       "Unrecognized email address: '$email'\n" . $herecurr);
2379                         } else {
2380                                 my $dequoted = $suggested_email;
2381                                 $dequoted =~ s/^"//;
2382                                 $dequoted =~ s/" </ </;
2383                                 # Don't force email to have quotes
2384                                 # Allow just an angle bracketed address
2385                                 if ("$dequoted$comment" ne $email &&
2386                                     "<$email_address>$comment" ne $email &&
2387                                     "$suggested_email$comment" ne $email) {
2388                                         WARN("BAD_SIGN_OFF",
2389                                              "email address '$email' might be better as '$suggested_email$comment'\n" . $herecurr);
2390                                 }
2391                         }
2392
2393 # Check for duplicate signatures
2394                         my $sig_nospace = $line;
2395                         $sig_nospace =~ s/\s//g;
2396                         $sig_nospace = lc($sig_nospace);
2397                         if (defined $signatures{$sig_nospace}) {
2398                                 WARN("BAD_SIGN_OFF",
2399                                      "Duplicate signature\n" . $herecurr);
2400                         } else {
2401                                 $signatures{$sig_nospace} = 1;
2402                         }
2403                 }
2404
2405 # Check email subject for common tools that don't need to be mentioned
2406                 if ($in_header_lines &&
2407                     $line =~ /^Subject:.*\b(?:checkpatch|sparse|smatch)\b[^:]/i) {
2408                         WARN("EMAIL_SUBJECT",
2409                              "A patch subject line should describe the change not the tool that found it\n" . $herecurr);
2410                 }
2411
2412 # Check for old stable address
2413                 if ($line =~ /^\s*cc:\s*.*<?\bstable\@kernel\.org\b>?.*$/i) {
2414                         ERROR("STABLE_ADDRESS",
2415                               "The 'stable' address should be 'stable\@vger.kernel.org'\n" . $herecurr);
2416                 }
2417
2418 # Check for unwanted Gerrit info
2419                 if ($in_commit_log && $line =~ /^\s*change-id:/i) {
2420                         ERROR("GERRIT_CHANGE_ID",
2421                               "Remove Gerrit Change-Id's before submitting upstream.\n" . $herecurr);
2422                 }
2423
2424 # Check if the commit log is in a possible stack dump
2425                 if ($in_commit_log && !$commit_log_possible_stack_dump &&
2426                     ($line =~ /^\s*(?:WARNING:|BUG:)/ ||
2427                      $line =~ /^\s*\[\s*\d+\.\d{6,6}\s*\]/ ||
2428                                         # timestamp
2429                      $line =~ /^\s*\[\<[0-9a-fA-F]{8,}\>\]/)) {
2430                                         # stack dump address
2431                         $commit_log_possible_stack_dump = 1;
2432                 }
2433
2434 # Check for line lengths > 75 in commit log, warn once
2435                 if ($in_commit_log && !$commit_log_long_line &&
2436                     length($line) > 75 &&
2437                     !($line =~ /^\s*[a-zA-Z0-9_\/\.]+\s+\|\s+\d+/ ||
2438                                         # file delta changes
2439                       $line =~ /^\s*(?:[\w\.\-]+\/)++[\w\.\-]+:/ ||
2440                                         # filename then :
2441                       $line =~ /^\s*(?:Fixes:|Link:)/i ||
2442                                         # A Fixes: or Link: line
2443                       $commit_log_possible_stack_dump)) {
2444                         WARN("COMMIT_LOG_LONG_LINE",
2445                              "Possible unwrapped commit description (prefer a maximum 75 chars per line)\n" . $herecurr);
2446                         $commit_log_long_line = 1;
2447                 }
2448
2449 # Reset possible stack dump if a blank line is found
2450                 if ($in_commit_log && $commit_log_possible_stack_dump &&
2451                     $line =~ /^\s*$/) {
2452                         $commit_log_possible_stack_dump = 0;
2453                 }
2454
2455 # Check for git id commit length and improperly formed commit descriptions
2456                 if ($in_commit_log && !$commit_log_possible_stack_dump &&
2457                     ($line =~ /\bcommit\s+[0-9a-f]{5,}\b/i ||
2458                      ($line =~ /\b[0-9a-f]{12,40}\b/i &&
2459                       $line !~ /[\<\[][0-9a-f]{12,40}[\>\]]/i &&
2460                       $line !~ /\bfixes:\s*[0-9a-f]{12,40}/i))) {
2461                         my $init_char = "c";
2462                         my $orig_commit = "";
2463                         my $short = 1;
2464                         my $long = 0;
2465                         my $case = 1;
2466                         my $space = 1;
2467                         my $hasdesc = 0;
2468                         my $hasparens = 0;
2469                         my $id = '0123456789ab';
2470                         my $orig_desc = "commit description";
2471                         my $description = "";
2472
2473                         if ($line =~ /\b(c)ommit\s+([0-9a-f]{5,})\b/i) {
2474                                 $init_char = $1;
2475                                 $orig_commit = lc($2);
2476                         } elsif ($line =~ /\b([0-9a-f]{12,40})\b/i) {
2477                                 $orig_commit = lc($1);
2478                         }
2479
2480                         $short = 0 if ($line =~ /\bcommit\s+[0-9a-f]{12,40}/i);
2481                         $long = 1 if ($line =~ /\bcommit\s+[0-9a-f]{41,}/i);
2482                         $space = 0 if ($line =~ /\bcommit [0-9a-f]/i);
2483                         $case = 0 if ($line =~ /\b[Cc]ommit\s+[0-9a-f]{5,40}[^A-F]/);
2484                         if ($line =~ /\bcommit\s+[0-9a-f]{5,}\s+\("([^"]+)"\)/i) {
2485                                 $orig_desc = $1;
2486                                 $hasparens = 1;
2487                         } elsif ($line =~ /\bcommit\s+[0-9a-f]{5,}\s*$/i &&
2488                                  defined $rawlines[$linenr] &&
2489                                  $rawlines[$linenr] =~ /^\s*\("([^"]+)"\)/) {
2490                                 $orig_desc = $1;
2491                                 $hasparens = 1;
2492                         } elsif ($line =~ /\bcommit\s+[0-9a-f]{5,}\s+\("[^"]+$/i &&
2493                                  defined $rawlines[$linenr] &&
2494                                  $rawlines[$linenr] =~ /^\s*[^"]+"\)/) {
2495                                 $line =~ /\bcommit\s+[0-9a-f]{5,}\s+\("([^"]+)$/i;
2496                                 $orig_desc = $1;
2497                                 $rawlines[$linenr] =~ /^\s*([^"]+)"\)/;
2498                                 $orig_desc .= " " . $1;
2499                                 $hasparens = 1;
2500                         }
2501
2502                         ($id, $description) = git_commit_info($orig_commit,
2503                                                               $id, $orig_desc);
2504
2505                         if ($short || $long || $space || $case || ($orig_desc ne $description) || !$hasparens) {
2506                                 ERROR("GIT_COMMIT_ID",
2507                                       "Please use git commit description style 'commit <12+ chars of sha1> (\"<title line>\")' - ie: '${init_char}ommit $id (\"$description\")'\n" . $herecurr);
2508                         }
2509                 }
2510
2511 # Check for added, moved or deleted files
2512                 if (!$reported_maintainer_file && !$in_commit_log &&
2513                     ($line =~ /^(?:new|deleted) file mode\s*\d+\s*$/ ||
2514                      $line =~ /^rename (?:from|to) [\w\/\.\-]+\s*$/ ||
2515                      ($line =~ /\{\s*([\w\/\.\-]*)\s*\=\>\s*([\w\/\.\-]*)\s*\}/ &&
2516                       (defined($1) || defined($2))))) {
2517                         $reported_maintainer_file = 1;
2518                         WARN("FILE_PATH_CHANGES",
2519                              "added, moved or deleted file(s), does MAINTAINERS need updating?\n" . $herecurr);
2520                 }
2521
2522 # Check for wrappage within a valid hunk of the file
2523                 if ($realcnt != 0 && $line !~ m{^(?:\+|-| |\\ No newline|$)}) {
2524                         ERROR("CORRUPTED_PATCH",
2525                               "patch seems to be corrupt (line wrapped?)\n" .
2526                                 $herecurr) if (!$emitted_corrupt++);
2527                 }
2528
2529 # Check for absolute kernel paths.
2530                 if ($tree) {
2531                         while ($line =~ m{(?:^|\s)(/\S*)}g) {
2532                                 my $file = $1;
2533
2534                                 if ($file =~ m{^(.*?)(?::\d+)+:?$} &&
2535                                     check_absolute_file($1, $herecurr)) {
2536                                         #
2537                                 } else {
2538                                         check_absolute_file($file, $herecurr);
2539                                 }
2540                         }
2541                 }
2542
2543 # UTF-8 regex found at http://www.w3.org/International/questions/qa-forms-utf-8.en.php
2544                 if (($realfile =~ /^$/ || $line =~ /^\+/) &&
2545                     $rawline !~ m/^$UTF8*$/) {
2546                         my ($utf8_prefix) = ($rawline =~ /^($UTF8*)/);
2547
2548                         my $blank = copy_spacing($rawline);
2549                         my $ptr = substr($blank, 0, length($utf8_prefix)) . "^";
2550                         my $hereptr = "$hereline$ptr\n";
2551
2552                         CHK("INVALID_UTF8",
2553                             "Invalid UTF-8, patch and commit message should be encoded in UTF-8\n" . $hereptr);
2554                 }
2555
2556 # Check if it's the start of a commit log
2557 # (not a header line and we haven't seen the patch filename)
2558                 if ($in_header_lines && $realfile =~ /^$/ &&
2559                     !($rawline =~ /^\s+\S/ ||
2560                       $rawline =~ /^(commit\b|from\b|[\w-]+:).*$/i)) {
2561                         $in_header_lines = 0;
2562                         $in_commit_log = 1;
2563                 }
2564
2565 # Check if there is UTF-8 in a commit log when a mail header has explicitly
2566 # declined it, i.e defined some charset where it is missing.
2567                 if ($in_header_lines &&
2568                     $rawline =~ /^Content-Type:.+charset="(.+)".*$/ &&
2569                     $1 !~ /utf-8/i) {
2570                         $non_utf8_charset = 1;
2571                 }
2572
2573                 if ($in_commit_log && $non_utf8_charset && $realfile =~ /^$/ &&
2574                     $rawline =~ /$NON_ASCII_UTF8/) {
2575                         WARN("UTF8_BEFORE_PATCH",
2576                             "8-bit UTF-8 used in possible commit log\n" . $herecurr);
2577                 }
2578
2579 # Check for various typo / spelling mistakes
2580                 if (defined($misspellings) &&
2581                     ($in_commit_log || $line =~ /^(?:\+|Subject:)/i)) {
2582                         while ($rawline =~ /(?:^|[^a-z@])($misspellings)(?:\b|$|[^a-z@])/gi) {
2583                                 my $typo = $1;
2584                                 my $typo_fix = $spelling_fix{lc($typo)};
2585                                 $typo_fix = ucfirst($typo_fix) if ($typo =~ /^[A-Z]/);
2586                                 $typo_fix = uc($typo_fix) if ($typo =~ /^[A-Z]+$/);
2587                                 my $msg_type = \&WARN;
2588                                 $msg_type = \&CHK if ($file);
2589                                 if (&{$msg_type}("TYPO_SPELLING",
2590                                                  "'$typo' may be misspelled - perhaps '$typo_fix'?\n" . $herecurr) &&
2591                                     $fix) {
2592                                         $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/(^|[^A-Za-z@])($typo)($|[^A-Za-z@])/$1$typo_fix$3/;
2593                                 }
2594                         }
2595                 }
2596
2597 # ignore non-hunk lines and lines being removed
2598                 next if (!$hunk_line || $line =~ /^-/);
2599
2600 #trailing whitespace
2601                 if ($line =~ /^\+.*\015/) {
2602                         my $herevet = "$here\n" . cat_vet($rawline) . "\n";
2603                         if (ERROR("DOS_LINE_ENDINGS",
2604                                   "DOS line endings\n" . $herevet) &&
2605                             $fix) {
2606                                 $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/[\s\015]+$//;
2607                         }
2608                 } elsif ($rawline =~ /^\+.*\S\s+$/ || $rawline =~ /^\+\s+$/) {
2609                         my $herevet = "$here\n" . cat_vet($rawline) . "\n";
2610                         if (ERROR("TRAILING_WHITESPACE",
2611                                   "trailing whitespace\n" . $herevet) &&
2612                             $fix) {
2613                                 $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/\s+$//;
2614                         }
2615
2616                         $rpt_cleaners = 1;
2617                 }
2618
2619 # Check for FSF mailing addresses.
2620                 if ($rawline =~ /\bwrite to the Free/i ||
2621                     $rawline =~ /\b59\s+Temple\s+Pl/i ||
2622                     $rawline =~ /\b51\s+Franklin\s+St/i) {
2623                         my $herevet = "$here\n" . cat_vet($rawline) . "\n";
2624                         my $msg_type = \&ERROR;
2625                         $msg_type = \&CHK if ($file);
2626                         &{$msg_type}("FSF_MAILING_ADDRESS",
2627                                      "Do not include the paragraph about writing to the Free Software Foundation's mailing address from the sample GPL notice. The FSF has changed addresses in the past, and may do so again. Linux already includes a copy of the GPL.\n" . $herevet)
2628                 }
2629
2630 # check for Kconfig help text having a real description
2631 # Only applies when adding the entry originally, after that we do not have
2632 # sufficient context to determine whether it is indeed long enough.
2633                 if ($realfile =~ /Kconfig/ &&
2634                     $line =~ /^\+\s*config\s+/) {
2635                         my $length = 0;
2636                         my $cnt = $realcnt;
2637                         my $ln = $linenr + 1;
2638                         my $f;
2639                         my $is_start = 0;
2640                         my $is_end = 0;
2641                         for (; $cnt > 0 && defined $lines[$ln - 1]; $ln++) {
2642                                 $f = $lines[$ln - 1];
2643                                 $cnt-- if ($lines[$ln - 1] !~ /^-/);
2644                                 $is_end = $lines[$ln - 1] =~ /^\+/;
2645
2646                                 next if ($f =~ /^-/);
2647                                 last if (!$file && $f =~ /^\@\@/);
2648
2649                                 if ($lines[$ln - 1] =~ /^\+\s*(?:bool|tristate)\s*\"/) {
2650                                         $is_start = 1;
2651                                 } elsif ($lines[$ln - 1] =~ /^\+\s*(?:---)?help(?:---)?$/) {
2652                                         $length = -1;
2653                                 }
2654
2655                                 $f =~ s/^.//;
2656                                 $f =~ s/#.*//;
2657                                 $f =~ s/^\s+//;
2658                                 next if ($f =~ /^$/);
2659                                 if ($f =~ /^\s*config\s/) {
2660                                         $is_end = 1;
2661                                         last;
2662                                 }
2663                                 $length++;
2664                         }
2665                         if ($is_start && $is_end && $length < $min_conf_desc_length) {
2666                                 WARN("CONFIG_DESCRIPTION",
2667                                      "please write a paragraph that describes the config symbol fully\n" . $herecurr);
2668                         }
2669                         #print "is_start<$is_start> is_end<$is_end> length<$length>\n";
2670                 }
2671
2672 # discourage the addition of CONFIG_EXPERIMENTAL in Kconfig.
2673                 if ($realfile =~ /Kconfig/ &&
2674                     $line =~ /.\s*depends on\s+.*\bEXPERIMENTAL\b/) {
2675                         WARN("CONFIG_EXPERIMENTAL",
2676                              "Use of CONFIG_EXPERIMENTAL is deprecated. For alternatives, see https://lkml.org/lkml/2012/10/23/580\n");
2677                 }
2678
2679 # discourage the use of boolean for type definition attributes of Kconfig options
2680                 if ($realfile =~ /Kconfig/ &&
2681                     $line =~ /^\+\s*\bboolean\b/) {
2682                         WARN("CONFIG_TYPE_BOOLEAN",
2683                              "Use of boolean is deprecated, please use bool instead.\n" . $herecurr);
2684                 }
2685
2686                 if (($realfile =~ /Makefile.*/ || $realfile =~ /Kbuild.*/) &&
2687                     ($line =~ /\+(EXTRA_[A-Z]+FLAGS).*/)) {
2688                         my $flag = $1;
2689                         my $replacement = {
2690                                 'EXTRA_AFLAGS' =>   'asflags-y',
2691                                 'EXTRA_CFLAGS' =>   'ccflags-y',
2692                                 'EXTRA_CPPFLAGS' => 'cppflags-y',
2693                                 'EXTRA_LDFLAGS' =>  'ldflags-y',
2694                         };
2695
2696                         WARN("DEPRECATED_VARIABLE",
2697                              "Use of $flag is deprecated, please use \`$replacement->{$flag} instead.\n" . $herecurr) if ($replacement->{$flag});
2698                 }
2699
2700 # check for DT compatible documentation
2701                 if (defined $root &&
2702                         (($realfile =~ /\.dtsi?$/ && $line =~ /^\+\s*compatible\s*=\s*\"/) ||
2703                          ($realfile =~ /\.[ch]$/ && $line =~ /^\+.*\.compatible\s*=\s*\"/))) {
2704
2705                         my @compats = $rawline =~ /\"([a-zA-Z0-9\-\,\.\+_]+)\"/g;
2706
2707                         my $dt_path = $root . "/Documentation/devicetree/bindings/";
2708                         my $vp_file = $dt_path . "vendor-prefixes.txt";
2709
2710                         foreach my $compat (@compats) {
2711                                 my $compat2 = $compat;
2712                                 $compat2 =~ s/\,[a-zA-Z0-9]*\-/\,<\.\*>\-/;
2713                                 my $compat3 = $compat;
2714                                 $compat3 =~ s/\,([a-z]*)[0-9]*\-/\,$1<\.\*>\-/;
2715                                 `grep -Erq "$compat|$compat2|$compat3" $dt_path`;
2716                                 if ( $? >> 8 ) {
2717                                         WARN("UNDOCUMENTED_DT_STRING",
2718                                              "DT compatible string \"$compat\" appears un-documented -- check $dt_path\n" . $herecurr);
2719                                 }
2720
2721                                 next if $compat !~ /^([a-zA-Z0-9\-]+)\,/;
2722                                 my $vendor = $1;
2723                                 `grep -Eq "^$vendor\\b" $vp_file`;
2724                                 if ( $? >> 8 ) {
2725                                         WARN("UNDOCUMENTED_DT_STRING",
2726                                              "DT compatible string vendor \"$vendor\" appears un-documented -- check $vp_file\n" . $herecurr);
2727                                 }
2728                         }
2729                 }
2730
2731 # check we are in a valid source file if not then ignore this hunk
2732                 next if ($realfile !~ /\.(h|c|s|S|pl|sh|dtsi|dts)$/);
2733
2734 # line length limit (with some exclusions)
2735 #
2736 # There are a few types of lines that may extend beyond $max_line_length:
2737 #       logging functions like pr_info that end in a string
2738 #       lines with a single string
2739 #       #defines that are a single string
2740 #
2741 # There are 3 different line length message types:
2742 # LONG_LINE_COMMENT     a comment starts before but extends beyond $max_linelength
2743 # LONG_LINE_STRING      a string starts before but extends beyond $max_line_length
2744 # LONG_LINE             all other lines longer than $max_line_length
2745 #
2746 # if LONG_LINE is ignored, the other 2 types are also ignored
2747 #
2748
2749                 if ($line =~ /^\+/ && $length > $max_line_length) {
2750                         my $msg_type = "LONG_LINE";
2751
2752                         # Check the allowed long line types first
2753
2754                         # logging functions that end in a string that starts
2755                         # before $max_line_length
2756                         if ($line =~ /^\+\s*$logFunctions\s*\(\s*(?:(?:KERN_\S+\s*|[^"]*))?($String\s*(?:|,|\)\s*;)\s*)$/ &&
2757                             length(expand_tabs(substr($line, 1, length($line) - length($1) - 1))) <= $max_line_length) {
2758                                 $msg_type = "";
2759
2760                         # lines with only strings (w/ possible termination)
2761                         # #defines with only strings
2762                         } elsif ($line =~ /^\+\s*$String\s*(?:\s*|,|\)\s*;)\s*$/ ||
2763                                  $line =~ /^\+\s*#\s*define\s+\w+\s+$String$/) {
2764                                 $msg_type = "";
2765
2766                         # Otherwise set the alternate message types
2767
2768                         # a comment starts before $max_line_length
2769                         } elsif ($line =~ /($;[\s$;]*)$/ &&
2770                                  length(expand_tabs(substr($line, 1, length($line) - length($1) - 1))) <= $max_line_length) {
2771                                 $msg_type = "LONG_LINE_COMMENT"
2772
2773                         # a quoted string starts before $max_line_length
2774                         } elsif ($sline =~ /\s*($String(?:\s*(?:\\|,\s*|\)\s*;\s*))?)$/ &&
2775                                  length(expand_tabs(substr($line, 1, length($line) - length($1) - 1))) <= $max_line_length) {
2776                                 $msg_type = "LONG_LINE_STRING"
2777                         }
2778
2779                         if ($msg_type ne "" &&
2780                             (show_type("LONG_LINE") || show_type($msg_type))) {
2781                                 WARN($msg_type,
2782                                      "line over $max_line_length characters\n" . $herecurr);
2783                         }
2784                 }
2785
2786 # check for adding lines without a newline.
2787                 if ($line =~ /^\+/ && defined $lines[$linenr] && $lines[$linenr] =~ /^\\ No newline at end of file/) {
2788                         WARN("MISSING_EOF_NEWLINE",
2789                              "adding a line without newline at end of file\n" . $herecurr);
2790                 }
2791
2792 # Blackfin: use hi/lo macros
2793                 if ($realfile =~ m@arch/blackfin/.*\.S$@) {
2794                         if ($line =~ /\.[lL][[:space:]]*=.*&[[:space:]]*0x[fF][fF][fF][fF]/) {
2795                                 my $herevet = "$here\n" . cat_vet($line) . "\n";
2796                                 ERROR("LO_MACRO",
2797                                       "use the LO() macro, not (... & 0xFFFF)\n" . $herevet);
2798                         }
2799                         if ($line =~ /\.[hH][[:space:]]*=.*>>[[:space:]]*16/) {
2800                                 my $herevet = "$here\n" . cat_vet($line) . "\n";
2801                                 ERROR("HI_MACRO",
2802                                       "use the HI() macro, not (... >> 16)\n" . $herevet);
2803                         }
2804                 }
2805
2806 # check we are in a valid source file C or perl if not then ignore this hunk
2807                 next if ($realfile !~ /\.(h|c|pl|dtsi|dts)$/);
2808
2809 # at the beginning of a line any tabs must come first and anything
2810 # more than 8 must use tabs.
2811                 if ($rawline =~ /^\+\s* \t\s*\S/ ||
2812                     $rawline =~ /^\+\s*        \s*/) {
2813                         my $herevet = "$here\n" . cat_vet($rawline) . "\n";
2814                         $rpt_cleaners = 1;
2815                         if (ERROR("CODE_INDENT",
2816                                   "code indent should use tabs where possible\n" . $herevet) &&
2817                             $fix) {
2818                                 $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/^\+([ \t]+)/"\+" . tabify($1)/e;
2819                         }
2820                 }
2821
2822 # check for space before tabs.
2823                 if ($rawline =~ /^\+/ && $rawline =~ / \t/) {
2824                         my $herevet = "$here\n" . cat_vet($rawline) . "\n";
2825                         if (WARN("SPACE_BEFORE_TAB",
2826                                 "please, no space before tabs\n" . $herevet) &&
2827                             $fix) {
2828                                 while ($fixed[$fixlinenr] =~
2829                                            s/(^\+.*) {8,8}\t/$1\t\t/) {}
2830                                 while ($fixed[$fixlinenr] =~
2831                                            s/(^\+.*) +\t/$1\t/) {}
2832                         }
2833                 }
2834
2835 # check for && or || at the start of a line
2836                 if ($rawline =~ /^\+\s*(&&|\|\|)/) {
2837                         CHK("LOGICAL_CONTINUATIONS",
2838                             "Logical continuations should be on the previous line\n" . $hereprev);
2839                 }
2840
2841 # check indentation starts on a tab stop
2842                 if ($^V && $^V ge 5.10.0 &&
2843                     $sline =~ /^\+\t+( +)(?:$c90_Keywords\b|\{\s*$|\}\s*(?:else\b|while\b|\s*$))/) {
2844                         my $indent = length($1);
2845                         if ($indent % 8) {
2846                                 if (WARN("TABSTOP",
2847                                          "Statements should start on a tabstop\n" . $herecurr) &&
2848                                     $fix) {
2849                                         $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s@(^\+\t+) +@$1 . "\t" x ($indent/8)@e;
2850                                 }
2851                         }
2852                 }
2853
2854 # check multi-line statement indentation matches previous line
2855                 if ($^V && $^V ge 5.10.0 &&
2856                     $prevline =~ /^\+([ \t]*)((?:$c90_Keywords(?:\s+if)\s*)|(?:$Declare\s*)?(?:$Ident|\(\s*\*\s*$Ident\s*\))\s*|$Ident\s*=\s*$Ident\s*)\(.*(\&\&|\|\||,)\s*$/) {
2857                         $prevline =~ /^\+(\t*)(.*)$/;
2858                         my $oldindent = $1;
2859                         my $rest = $2;
2860
2861                         my $pos = pos_last_openparen($rest);
2862                         if ($pos >= 0) {
2863                                 $line =~ /^(\+| )([ \t]*)/;
2864                                 my $newindent = $2;
2865
2866                                 my $goodtabindent = $oldindent .
2867                                         "\t" x ($pos / 8) .
2868                                         " "  x ($pos % 8);
2869                                 my $goodspaceindent = $oldindent . " "  x $pos;
2870
2871                                 if ($newindent ne $goodtabindent &&
2872                                     $newindent ne $goodspaceindent) {
2873
2874                                         if (CHK("PARENTHESIS_ALIGNMENT",
2875                                                 "Alignment should match open parenthesis\n" . $hereprev) &&
2876                                             $fix && $line =~ /^\+/) {
2877                                                 $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~
2878                                                     s/^\+[ \t]*/\+$goodtabindent/;
2879                                         }
2880                                 }
2881                         }
2882                 }
2883
2884 # check for space after cast like "(int) foo" or "(struct foo) bar"
2885 # avoid checking a few false positives:
2886 #   "sizeof(<type>)" or "__alignof__(<type>)"
2887 #   function pointer declarations like "(*foo)(int) = bar;"
2888 #   structure definitions like "(struct foo) { 0 };"
2889 #   multiline macros that define functions
2890 #   known attributes or the __attribute__ keyword
2891                 if ($line =~ /^\+(.*)\(\s*$Type\s*\)([ \t]++)((?![={]|\\$|$Attribute|__attribute__))/ &&
2892                     (!defined($1) || $1 !~ /\b(?:sizeof|__alignof__)\s*$/)) {
2893                         if (CHK("SPACING",
2894                                 "No space is necessary after a cast\n" . $herecurr) &&
2895                             $fix) {
2896                                 $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~
2897                                     s/(\(\s*$Type\s*\))[ \t]+/$1/;
2898                         }
2899                 }
2900
2901 # Block comment styles
2902 # Networking with an initial /*
2903                 if ($realfile =~ m@^(drivers/net/|net/)@ &&
2904                     $prevrawline =~ /^\+[ \t]*\/\*[ \t]*$/ &&
2905                     $rawline =~ /^\+[ \t]*\*/ &&
2906                     $realline > 2) {
2907                         WARN("NETWORKING_BLOCK_COMMENT_STYLE",
2908                              "networking block comments don't use an empty /* line, use /* Comment...\n" . $hereprev);
2909                 }
2910
2911 # Block comments use * on subsequent lines
2912                 if ($prevline =~ /$;[ \t]*$/ &&                 #ends in comment
2913                     $prevrawline =~ /^\+.*?\/\*/ &&             #starting /*
2914                     $prevrawline !~ /\*\/[ \t]*$/ &&            #no trailing */
2915                     $rawline =~ /^\+/ &&                        #line is new
2916                     $rawline !~ /^\+[ \t]*\*/) {                #no leading *
2917                         WARN("BLOCK_COMMENT_STYLE",
2918                              "Block comments use * on subsequent lines\n" . $hereprev);
2919                 }
2920
2921 # Block comments use */ on trailing lines
2922                 if ($rawline !~ m@^\+[ \t]*\*/[ \t]*$@ &&       #trailing */
2923                     $rawline !~ m@^\+.*/\*.*\*/[ \t]*$@ &&      #inline /*...*/
2924                     $rawline !~ m@^\+.*\*{2,}/[ \t]*$@ &&       #trailing **/
2925                     $rawline =~ m@^\+[ \t]*.+\*\/[ \t]*$@) {    #non blank */
2926                         WARN("BLOCK_COMMENT_STYLE",
2927                              "Block comments use a trailing */ on a separate line\n" . $herecurr);
2928                 }
2929
2930 # check for missing blank lines after struct/union declarations
2931 # with exceptions for various attributes and macros
2932                 if ($prevline =~ /^[\+ ]};?\s*$/ &&
2933                     $line =~ /^\+/ &&
2934                     !($line =~ /^\+\s*$/ ||
2935                       $line =~ /^\+\s*EXPORT_SYMBOL/ ||
2936                       $line =~ /^\+\s*MODULE_/i ||
2937                       $line =~ /^\+\s*\#\s*(?:end|elif|else)/ ||
2938                       $line =~ /^\+[a-z_]*init/ ||
2939                       $line =~ /^\+\s*(?:static\s+)?[A-Z_]*ATTR/ ||
2940                       $line =~ /^\+\s*DECLARE/ ||
2941                       $line =~ /^\+\s*__setup/)) {
2942                         if (CHK("LINE_SPACING",
2943                                 "Please use a blank line after function/struct/union/enum declarations\n" . $hereprev) &&
2944                             $fix) {
2945                                 fix_insert_line($fixlinenr, "\+");
2946                         }
2947                 }
2948
2949 # check for multiple consecutive blank lines
2950                 if ($prevline =~ /^[\+ ]\s*$/ &&
2951                     $line =~ /^\+\s*$/ &&
2952                     $last_blank_line != ($linenr - 1)) {
2953                         if (CHK("LINE_SPACING",
2954                                 "Please don't use multiple blank lines\n" . $hereprev) &&
2955                             $fix) {
2956                                 fix_delete_line($fixlinenr, $rawline);
2957                         }
2958
2959                         $last_blank_line = $linenr;
2960                 }
2961
2962 # check for missing blank lines after declarations
2963                 if ($sline =~ /^\+\s+\S/ &&                     #Not at char 1
2964                         # actual declarations
2965                     ($prevline =~ /^\+\s+$Declare\s*$Ident\s*[=,;:\[]/ ||
2966                         # function pointer declarations
2967                      $prevline =~ /^\+\s+$Declare\s*\(\s*\*\s*$Ident\s*\)\s*[=,;:\[\(]/ ||
2968                         # foo bar; where foo is some local typedef or #define
2969                      $prevline =~ /^\+\s+$Ident(?:\s+|\s*\*\s*)$Ident\s*[=,;\[]/ ||
2970                         # known declaration macros
2971                      $prevline =~ /^\+\s+$declaration_macros/) &&
2972                         # for "else if" which can look like "$Ident $Ident"
2973                     !($prevline =~ /^\+\s+$c90_Keywords\b/ ||
2974                         # other possible extensions of declaration lines
2975                       $prevline =~ /(?:$Compare|$Assignment|$Operators)\s*$/ ||
2976                         # not starting a section or a macro "\" extended line
2977                       $prevline =~ /(?:\{\s*|\\)$/) &&
2978                         # looks like a declaration
2979                     !($sline =~ /^\+\s+$Declare\s*$Ident\s*[=,;:\[]/ ||
2980                         # function pointer declarations
2981                       $sline =~ /^\+\s+$Declare\s*\(\s*\*\s*$Ident\s*\)\s*[=,;:\[\(]/ ||
2982                         # foo bar; where foo is some local typedef or #define
2983                       $sline =~ /^\+\s+$Ident(?:\s+|\s*\*\s*)$Ident\s*[=,;\[]/ ||
2984                         # known declaration macros
2985                       $sline =~ /^\+\s+$declaration_macros/ ||
2986                         # start of struct or union or enum
2987                       $sline =~ /^\+\s+(?:union|struct|enum|typedef)\b/ ||
2988                         # start or end of block or continuation of declaration
2989                       $sline =~ /^\+\s+(?:$|[\{\}\.\#\"\?\:\(\[])/ ||
2990                         # bitfield continuation
2991                       $sline =~ /^\+\s+$Ident\s*:\s*\d+\s*[,;]/ ||
2992                         # other possible extensions of declaration lines
2993                       $sline =~ /^\+\s+\(?\s*(?:$Compare|$Assignment|$Operators)/) &&
2994                         # indentation of previous and current line are the same
2995                     (($prevline =~ /\+(\s+)\S/) && $sline =~ /^\+$1\S/)) {
2996                         if (WARN("LINE_SPACING",
2997                                  "Missing a blank line after declarations\n" . $hereprev) &&
2998                             $fix) {
2999                                 fix_insert_line($fixlinenr, "\+");
3000                         }
3001                 }
3002
3003 # check for spaces at the beginning of a line.
3004 # Exceptions:
3005 #  1) within comments
3006 #  2) indented preprocessor commands
3007 #  3) hanging labels
3008                 if ($rawline =~ /^\+ / && $line !~ /^\+ *(?:$;|#|$Ident:)/)  {
3009                         my $herevet = "$here\n" . cat_vet($rawline) . "\n";
3010                         if (WARN("LEADING_SPACE",
3011                                  "please, no spaces at the start of a line\n" . $herevet) &&
3012                             $fix) {
3013                                 $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/^\+([ \t]+)/"\+" . tabify($1)/e;
3014                         }
3015                 }
3016
3017 # check we are in a valid C source file if not then ignore this hunk
3018                 next if ($realfile !~ /\.(h|c)$/);
3019
3020 # check indentation of any line with a bare else
3021 # (but not if it is a multiple line "if (foo) return bar; else return baz;")
3022 # if the previous line is a break or return and is indented 1 tab more...
3023                 if ($sline =~ /^\+([\t]+)(?:}[ \t]*)?else(?:[ \t]*{)?\s*$/) {
3024                         my $tabs = length($1) + 1;
3025                         if ($prevline =~ /^\+\t{$tabs,$tabs}break\b/ ||
3026                             ($prevline =~ /^\+\t{$tabs,$tabs}return\b/ &&
3027                              defined $lines[$linenr] &&
3028                              $lines[$linenr] !~ /^[ \+]\t{$tabs,$tabs}return/)) {
3029                                 WARN("UNNECESSARY_ELSE",
3030                                      "else is not generally useful after a break or return\n" . $hereprev);
3031                         }
3032                 }
3033
3034 # check indentation of a line with a break;
3035 # if the previous line is a goto or return and is indented the same # of tabs
3036                 if ($sline =~ /^\+([\t]+)break\s*;\s*$/) {
3037                         my $tabs = $1;
3038                         if ($prevline =~ /^\+$tabs(?:goto|return)\b/) {
3039                                 WARN("UNNECESSARY_BREAK",
3040                                      "break is not useful after a goto or return\n" . $hereprev);
3041                         }
3042                 }
3043
3044 # discourage the addition of CONFIG_EXPERIMENTAL in #if(def).
3045                 if ($line =~ /^\+\s*\#\s*if.*\bCONFIG_EXPERIMENTAL\b/) {
3046                         WARN("CONFIG_EXPERIMENTAL",
3047                              "Use of CONFIG_EXPERIMENTAL is deprecated. For alternatives, see https://lkml.org/lkml/2012/10/23/580\n");
3048                 }
3049
3050 # check for RCS/CVS revision markers
3051                 if ($rawline =~ /^\+.*\$(Revision|Log|Id)(?:\$|)/) {
3052                         WARN("CVS_KEYWORD",
3053                              "CVS style keyword markers, these will _not_ be updated\n". $herecurr);
3054                 }
3055
3056 # Blackfin: don't use __builtin_bfin_[cs]sync
3057                 if ($line =~ /__builtin_bfin_csync/) {
3058                         my $herevet = "$here\n" . cat_vet($line) . "\n";
3059                         ERROR("CSYNC",
3060                               "use the CSYNC() macro in asm/blackfin.h\n" . $herevet);
3061                 }
3062                 if ($line =~ /__builtin_bfin_ssync/) {
3063                         my $herevet = "$here\n" . cat_vet($line) . "\n";
3064                         ERROR("SSYNC",
3065                               "use the SSYNC() macro in asm/blackfin.h\n" . $herevet);
3066                 }
3067
3068 # check for old HOTPLUG __dev<foo> section markings
3069                 if ($line =~ /\b(__dev(init|exit)(data|const|))\b/) {
3070                         WARN("HOTPLUG_SECTION",
3071                              "Using $1 is unnecessary\n" . $herecurr);
3072                 }
3073
3074 # Check for potential 'bare' types
3075                 my ($stat, $cond, $line_nr_next, $remain_next, $off_next,
3076                     $realline_next);
3077 #print "LINE<$line>\n";
3078                 if ($linenr >= $suppress_statement &&
3079                     $realcnt && $sline =~ /.\s*\S/) {
3080                         ($stat, $cond, $line_nr_next, $remain_next, $off_next) =
3081                                 ctx_statement_block($linenr, $realcnt, 0);
3082                         $stat =~ s/\n./\n /g;
3083                         $cond =~ s/\n./\n /g;
3084
3085 #print "linenr<$linenr> <$stat>\n";
3086                         # If this statement has no statement boundaries within
3087                         # it there is no point in retrying a statement scan
3088                         # until we hit end of it.
3089                         my $frag = $stat; $frag =~ s/;+\s*$//;
3090                         if ($frag !~ /(?:{|;)/) {
3091 #print "skip<$line_nr_next>\n";
3092                                 $suppress_statement = $line_nr_next;
3093                         }
3094
3095                         # Find the real next line.
3096                         $realline_next = $line_nr_next;
3097                         if (defined $realline_next &&
3098                             (!defined $lines[$realline_next - 1] ||
3099                              substr($lines[$realline_next - 1], $off_next) =~ /^\s*$/)) {
3100                                 $realline_next++;
3101                         }
3102
3103                         my $s = $stat;
3104                         $s =~ s/{.*$//s;
3105
3106                         # Ignore goto labels.
3107                         if ($s =~ /$Ident:\*$/s) {
3108
3109                         # Ignore functions being called
3110                         } elsif ($s =~ /^.\s*$Ident\s*\(/s) {
3111
3112                         } elsif ($s =~ /^.\s*else\b/s) {
3113
3114                         # declarations always start with types
3115                         } elsif ($prev_values eq 'E' && $s =~ /^.\s*(?:$Storage\s+)?(?:$Inline\s+)?(?:const\s+)?((?:\s*$Ident)+?)\b(?:\s+$Sparse)?\s*\**\s*(?:$Ident|\(\*[^\)]*\))(?:\s*$Modifier)?\s*(?:;|=|,|\()/s) {
3116                                 my $type = $1;
3117                                 $type =~ s/\s+/ /g;
3118                                 possible($type, "A:" . $s);
3119
3120                         # definitions in global scope can only start with types
3121                         } elsif ($s =~ /^.(?:$Storage\s+)?(?:$Inline\s+)?(?:const\s+)?($Ident)\b\s*(?!:)/s) {
3122                                 possible($1, "B:" . $s);
3123                         }
3124
3125                         # any (foo ... *) is a pointer cast, and foo is a type
3126                         while ($s =~ /\(($Ident)(?:\s+$Sparse)*[\s\*]+\s*\)/sg) {
3127                                 possible($1, "C:" . $s);
3128                         }
3129
3130                         # Check for any sort of function declaration.
3131                         # int foo(something bar, other baz);
3132                         # void (*store_gdt)(x86_descr_ptr *);
3133                         if ($prev_values eq 'E' && $s =~ /^(.(?:typedef\s*)?(?:(?:$Storage|$Inline)\s*)*\s*$Type\s*(?:\b$Ident|\(\*\s*$Ident\))\s*)\(/s) {
3134                                 my ($name_len) = length($1);
3135
3136                                 my $ctx = $s;
3137                                 substr($ctx, 0, $name_len + 1, '');
3138                                 $ctx =~ s/\)[^\)]*$//;
3139
3140                                 for my $arg (split(/\s*,\s*/, $ctx)) {
3141                                         if ($arg =~ /^(?:const\s+)?($Ident)(?:\s+$Sparse)*\s*\**\s*(:?\b$Ident)?$/s || $arg =~ /^($Ident)$/s) {
3142
3143                                                 possible($1, "D:" . $s);
3144                                         }
3145                                 }
3146                         }
3147
3148                 }
3149
3150 #
3151 # Checks which may be anchored in the context.
3152 #
3153
3154 # Check for switch () and associated case and default
3155 # statements should be at the same indent.
3156                 if ($line=~/\bswitch\s*\(.*\)/) {
3157                         my $err = '';
3158                         my $sep = '';
3159                         my @ctx = ctx_block_outer($linenr, $realcnt);
3160                         shift(@ctx);
3161                         for my $ctx (@ctx) {
3162                                 my ($clen, $cindent) = line_stats($ctx);
3163                                 if ($ctx =~ /^\+\s*(case\s+|default:)/ &&
3164                                                         $indent != $cindent) {
3165                                         $err .= "$sep$ctx\n";
3166                                         $sep = '';
3167                                 } else {
3168                                         $sep = "[...]\n";
3169                                 }
3170                         }
3171                         if ($err ne '') {
3172                                 ERROR("SWITCH_CASE_INDENT_LEVEL",
3173                                       "switch and case should be at the same indent\n$hereline$err");
3174                         }
3175                 }
3176
3177 # if/while/etc brace do not go on next line, unless defining a do while loop,
3178 # or if that brace on the next line is for something else
3179                 if ($line =~ /(.*)\b((?:if|while|for|switch|(?:[a-z_]+|)for_each[a-z_]+)\s*\(|do\b|else\b)/ && $line !~ /^.\s*\#/) {
3180                         my $pre_ctx = "$1$2";
3181
3182                         my ($level, @ctx) = ctx_statement_level($linenr, $realcnt, 0);
3183
3184                         if ($line =~ /^\+\t{6,}/) {
3185                                 WARN("DEEP_INDENTATION",
3186                                      "Too many leading tabs - consider code refactoring\n" . $herecurr);
3187                         }
3188
3189                         my $ctx_cnt = $realcnt - $#ctx - 1;
3190                         my $ctx = join("\n", @ctx);
3191
3192                         my $ctx_ln = $linenr;
3193                         my $ctx_skip = $realcnt;
3194
3195                         while ($ctx_skip > $ctx_cnt || ($ctx_skip == $ctx_cnt &&
3196                                         defined $lines[$ctx_ln - 1] &&
3197                                         $lines[$ctx_ln - 1] =~ /^-/)) {
3198                                 ##print "SKIP<$ctx_skip> CNT<$ctx_cnt>\n";
3199                                 $ctx_skip-- if (!defined $lines[$ctx_ln - 1] || $lines[$ctx_ln - 1] !~ /^-/);
3200                                 $ctx_ln++;
3201                         }
3202
3203                         #print "realcnt<$realcnt> ctx_cnt<$ctx_cnt>\n";
3204                         #print "pre<$pre_ctx>\nline<$line>\nctx<$ctx>\nnext<$lines[$ctx_ln - 1]>\n";
3205
3206                         if ($ctx !~ /{\s*/ && defined($lines[$ctx_ln - 1]) && $lines[$ctx_ln - 1] =~ /^\+\s*{/) {
3207                                 ERROR("OPEN_BRACE",
3208                                       "that open brace { should be on the previous line\n" .
3209                                         "$here\n$ctx\n$rawlines[$ctx_ln - 1]\n");
3210                         }
3211                         if ($level == 0 && $pre_ctx !~ /}\s*while\s*\($/ &&
3212                             $ctx =~ /\)\s*\;\s*$/ &&
3213                             defined $lines[$ctx_ln - 1])
3214                         {
3215                                 my ($nlength, $nindent) = line_stats($lines[$ctx_ln - 1]);
3216                                 if ($nindent > $indent) {
3217                                         WARN("TRAILING_SEMICOLON",
3218                                              "trailing semicolon indicates no statements, indent implies otherwise\n" .
3219                                                 "$here\n$ctx\n$rawlines[$ctx_ln - 1]\n");
3220                                 }
3221                         }
3222                 }
3223
3224 # Check relative indent for conditionals and blocks.
3225                 if ($line =~ /\b(?:(?:if|while|for|(?:[a-z_]+|)for_each[a-z_]+)\s*\(|do\b)/ && $line !~ /^.\s*#/ && $line !~ /\}\s*while\s*/) {
3226                         ($stat, $cond, $line_nr_next, $remain_next, $off_next) =
3227                                 ctx_statement_block($linenr, $realcnt, 0)
3228                                         if (!defined $stat);
3229                         my ($s, $c) = ($stat, $cond);
3230
3231                         substr($s, 0, length($c), '');
3232
3233                         # remove inline comments
3234                         $s =~ s/$;/ /g;
3235                         $c =~ s/$;/ /g;
3236
3237                         # Find out how long the conditional actually is.
3238                         my @newlines = ($c =~ /\n/gs);
3239                         my $cond_lines = 1 + $#newlines;
3240
3241                         # Make sure we remove the line prefixes as we have
3242                         # none on the first line, and are going to readd them
3243                         # where necessary.
3244                         $s =~ s/\n./\n/gs;
3245                         while ($s =~ /\n\s+\\\n/) {
3246                                 $cond_lines += $s =~ s/\n\s+\\\n/\n/g;
3247                         }
3248
3249                         # We want to check the first line inside the block
3250                         # starting at the end of the conditional, so remove:
3251                         #  1) any blank line termination
3252                         #  2) any opening brace { on end of the line
3253                         #  3) any do (...) {
3254                         my $continuation = 0;
3255                         my $check = 0;
3256                         $s =~ s/^.*\bdo\b//;
3257                         $s =~ s/^\s*{//;
3258                         if ($s =~ s/^\s*\\//) {
3259                                 $continuation = 1;
3260                         }
3261                         if ($s =~ s/^\s*?\n//) {
3262                                 $check = 1;
3263                                 $cond_lines++;
3264                         }
3265
3266                         # Also ignore a loop construct at the end of a
3267                         # preprocessor statement.
3268                         if (($prevline =~ /^.\s*#\s*define\s/ ||
3269                             $prevline =~ /\\\s*$/) && $continuation == 0) {
3270                                 $check = 0;
3271                         }
3272
3273                         my $cond_ptr = -1;
3274                         $continuation = 0;
3275                         while ($cond_ptr != $cond_lines) {
3276                                 $cond_ptr = $cond_lines;
3277
3278                                 # If we see an #else/#elif then the code
3279                                 # is not linear.
3280                                 if ($s =~ /^\s*\#\s*(?:else|elif)/) {
3281                                         $check = 0;
3282                                 }
3283
3284                                 # Ignore:
3285                                 #  1) blank lines, they should be at 0,
3286                                 #  2) preprocessor lines, and
3287                                 #  3) labels.
3288                                 if ($continuation ||
3289                                     $s =~ /^\s*?\n/ ||
3290                                     $s =~ /^\s*#\s*?/ ||
3291                                     $s =~ /^\s*$Ident\s*:/) {
3292                                         $continuation = ($s =~ /^.*?\\\n/) ? 1 : 0;
3293                                         if ($s =~ s/^.*?\n//) {
3294                                                 $cond_lines++;
3295                                         }
3296                                 }
3297                         }
3298
3299                         my (undef, $sindent) = line_stats("+" . $s);
3300                         my $stat_real = raw_line($linenr, $cond_lines);
3301
3302                         # Check if either of these lines are modified, else
3303                         # this is not this patch's fault.
3304                         if (!defined($stat_real) ||
3305                             $stat !~ /^\+/ && $stat_real !~ /^\+/) {
3306                                 $check = 0;
3307                         }
3308                         if (defined($stat_real) && $cond_lines > 1) {
3309                                 $stat_real = "[...]\n$stat_real";
3310                         }
3311
3312                         #print "line<$line> prevline<$prevline> indent<$indent> sindent<$sindent> check<$check> continuation<$continuation> s<$s> cond_lines<$cond_lines> stat_real<$stat_real> stat<$stat>\n";
3313
3314                         if ($check && $s ne '' &&
3315                             (($sindent % 8) != 0 ||
3316                              ($sindent < $indent) ||
3317                              ($sindent > $indent + 8))) {
3318                                 WARN("SUSPECT_CODE_INDENT",
3319                                      "suspect code indent for conditional statements ($indent, $sindent)\n" . $herecurr . "$stat_real\n");
3320                         }
3321                 }
3322
3323                 # Track the 'values' across context and added lines.
3324                 my $opline = $line; $opline =~ s/^./ /;
3325                 my ($curr_values, $curr_vars) =
3326                                 annotate_values($opline . "\n", $prev_values);
3327                 $curr_values = $prev_values . $curr_values;
3328                 if ($dbg_values) {
3329                         my $outline = $opline; $outline =~ s/\t/ /g;
3330                         print "$linenr > .$outline\n";
3331                         print "$linenr > $curr_values\n";
3332                         print "$linenr >  $curr_vars\n";
3333                 }
3334                 $prev_values = substr($curr_values, -1);
3335
3336 #ignore lines not being added
3337                 next if ($line =~ /^[^\+]/);
3338
3339 # check for declarations of signed or unsigned without int
3340                 while ($line =~ m{($Declare)\s*(?!char\b|short\b|int\b|long\b)\s*($Ident)?\s*[=,;\[\)\(]}g) {
3341                         my $type = $1;
3342                         my $var = $2;
3343                         $var = "" if (!defined $var);
3344                         if ($type =~ /^(?:(?:$Storage|$Inline|$Attribute)\s+)*((?:un)?signed)((?:\s*\*)*)\s*$/) {
3345                                 my $sign = $1;
3346                                 my $pointer = $2;
3347
3348                                 $pointer = "" if (!defined $pointer);
3349
3350                                 if (WARN("UNSPECIFIED_INT",
3351                                          "Prefer '" . trim($sign) . " int" . rtrim($pointer) . "' to bare use of '$sign" . rtrim($pointer) . "'\n" . $herecurr) &&
3352                                     $fix) {
3353                                         my $decl = trim($sign) . " int ";
3354                                         my $comp_pointer = $pointer;
3355                                         $comp_pointer =~ s/\s//g;
3356                                         $decl .= $comp_pointer;
3357                                         $decl = rtrim($decl) if ($var eq "");
3358                                         $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s@\b$sign\s*\Q$pointer\E\s*$var\b@$decl$var@;
3359                                 }
3360                         }
3361                 }
3362
3363 # TEST: allow direct testing of the type matcher.
3364                 if ($dbg_type) {
3365                         if ($line =~ /^.\s*$Declare\s*$/) {
3366                                 ERROR("TEST_TYPE",
3367                                       "TEST: is type\n" . $herecurr);
3368                         } elsif ($dbg_type > 1 && $line =~ /^.+($Declare)/) {
3369                                 ERROR("TEST_NOT_TYPE",
3370                                       "TEST: is not type ($1 is)\n". $herecurr);
3371                         }
3372                         next;
3373                 }
3374 # TEST: allow direct testing of the attribute matcher.
3375                 if ($dbg_attr) {
3376                         if ($line =~ /^.\s*$Modifier\s*$/) {
3377                                 ERROR("TEST_ATTR",
3378                                       "TEST: is attr\n" . $herecurr);
3379                         } elsif ($dbg_attr > 1 && $line =~ /^.+($Modifier)/) {
3380                                 ERROR("TEST_NOT_ATTR",
3381                                       "TEST: is not attr ($1 is)\n". $herecurr);
3382                         }
3383                         next;
3384                 }
3385
3386 # check for initialisation to aggregates open brace on the next line
3387                 if ($line =~ /^.\s*{/ &&
3388                     $prevline =~ /(?:^|[^=])=\s*$/) {
3389                         if (ERROR("OPEN_BRACE",
3390                                   "that open brace { should be on the previous line\n" . $hereprev) &&
3391                             $fix && $prevline =~ /^\+/ && $line =~ /^\+/) {
3392                                 fix_delete_line($fixlinenr - 1, $prevrawline);
3393                                 fix_delete_line($fixlinenr, $rawline);
3394                                 my $fixedline = $prevrawline;
3395                                 $fixedline =~ s/\s*=\s*$/ = {/;
3396                                 fix_insert_line($fixlinenr, $fixedline);
3397                                 $fixedline = $line;
3398                                 $fixedline =~ s/^(.\s*){\s*/$1/;
3399                                 fix_insert_line($fixlinenr, $fixedline);
3400                         }
3401                 }
3402
3403 #
3404 # Checks which are anchored on the added line.
3405 #
3406
3407 # check for malformed paths in #include statements (uses RAW line)
3408                 if ($rawline =~ m{^.\s*\#\s*include\s+[<"](.*)[">]}) {
3409                         my $path = $1;
3410                         if ($path =~ m{//}) {
3411                                 ERROR("MALFORMED_INCLUDE",
3412                                       "malformed #include filename\n" . $herecurr);
3413                         }
3414                         if ($path =~ "^uapi/" && $realfile =~ m@\binclude/uapi/@) {
3415                                 ERROR("UAPI_INCLUDE",
3416                                       "No #include in ...include/uapi/... should use a uapi/ path prefix\n" . $herecurr);
3417                         }
3418                 }
3419
3420 # no C99 // comments
3421                 if ($line =~ m{//}) {
3422                         if (ERROR("C99_COMMENTS",
3423                                   "do not use C99 // comments\n" . $herecurr) &&
3424                             $fix) {
3425                                 my $line = $fixed[$fixlinenr];
3426                                 if ($line =~ /\/\/(.*)$/) {
3427                                         my $comment = trim($1);
3428                                         $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s@\/\/(.*)$@/\* $comment \*/@;
3429                                 }
3430                         }
3431                 }
3432                 # Remove C99 comments.
3433                 $line =~ s@//.*@@;
3434                 $opline =~ s@//.*@@;
3435
3436 # EXPORT_SYMBOL should immediately follow the thing it is exporting, consider
3437 # the whole statement.
3438 #print "APW <$lines[$realline_next - 1]>\n";
3439                 if (defined $realline_next &&
3440                     exists $lines[$realline_next - 1] &&
3441                     !defined $suppress_export{$realline_next} &&
3442                     ($lines[$realline_next - 1] =~ /EXPORT_SYMBOL.*\((.*)\)/ ||
3443                      $lines[$realline_next - 1] =~ /EXPORT_UNUSED_SYMBOL.*\((.*)\)/)) {
3444                         # Handle definitions which produce identifiers with
3445                         # a prefix:
3446                         #   XXX(foo);
3447                         #   EXPORT_SYMBOL(something_foo);
3448                         my $name = $1;
3449                         if ($stat =~ /^(?:.\s*}\s*\n)?.([A-Z_]+)\s*\(\s*($Ident)/ &&
3450                             $name =~ /^${Ident}_$2/) {
3451 #print "FOO C name<$name>\n";
3452                                 $suppress_export{$realline_next} = 1;
3453
3454                         } elsif ($stat !~ /(?:
3455                                 \n.}\s*$|
3456                                 ^.DEFINE_$Ident\(\Q$name\E\)|
3457                                 ^.DECLARE_$Ident\(\Q$name\E\)|
3458                                 ^.LIST_HEAD\(\Q$name\E\)|
3459                                 ^.(?:$Storage\s+)?$Type\s*\(\s*\*\s*\Q$name\E\s*\)\s*\(|
3460                                 \b\Q$name\E(?:\s+$Attribute)*\s*(?:;|=|\[|\()
3461                             )/x) {
3462 #print "FOO A<$lines[$realline_next - 1]> stat<$stat> name<$name>\n";
3463                                 $suppress_export{$realline_next} = 2;
3464                         } else {
3465                                 $suppress_export{$realline_next} = 1;
3466                         }
3467                 }
3468                 if (!defined $suppress_export{$linenr} &&
3469                     $prevline =~ /^.\s*$/ &&
3470                     ($line =~ /EXPORT_SYMBOL.*\((.*)\)/ ||
3471                      $line =~ /EXPORT_UNUSED_SYMBOL.*\((.*)\)/)) {
3472 #print "FOO B <$lines[$linenr - 1]>\n";
3473                         $suppress_export{$linenr} = 2;
3474                 }
3475                 if (defined $suppress_export{$linenr} &&
3476                     $suppress_export{$linenr} == 2) {
3477                         WARN("EXPORT_SYMBOL",
3478                              "EXPORT_SYMBOL(foo); should immediately follow its function/variable\n" . $herecurr);
3479                 }
3480
3481 # check for global initialisers.
3482                 if ($line =~ /^\+$Type\s*$Ident(?:\s+$Modifier)*\s*=\s*($zero_initializer)\s*;/) {
3483                         if (ERROR("GLOBAL_INITIALISERS",
3484                                   "do not initialise globals to $1\n" . $herecurr) &&
3485                             $fix) {
3486                                 $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/(^.$Type\s*$Ident(?:\s+$Modifier)*)\s*=\s*$zero_initializer\s*;/$1;/;
3487                         }
3488                 }
3489 # check for static initialisers.
3490                 if ($line =~ /^\+.*\bstatic\s.*=\s*($zero_initializer)\s*;/) {
3491                         if (ERROR("INITIALISED_STATIC",
3492                                   "do not initialise statics to $1\n" .
3493                                       $herecurr) &&
3494                             $fix) {
3495                                 $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/(\bstatic\s.*?)\s*=\s*$zero_initializer\s*;/$1;/;
3496                         }
3497                 }
3498
3499 # check for misordered declarations of char/short/int/long with signed/unsigned
3500                 while ($sline =~ m{(\b$TypeMisordered\b)}g) {
3501                         my $tmp = trim($1);
3502                         WARN("MISORDERED_TYPE",
3503                              "type '$tmp' should be specified in [[un]signed] [short|int|long|long long] order\n" . $herecurr);
3504                 }
3505
3506 # check for static const char * arrays.
3507                 if ($line =~ /\bstatic\s+const\s+char\s*\*\s*(\w+)\s*\[\s*\]\s*=\s*/) {
3508                         WARN("STATIC_CONST_CHAR_ARRAY",
3509                              "static const char * array should probably be static const char * const\n" .
3510                                 $herecurr);
3511                }
3512
3513 # check for static char foo[] = "bar" declarations.
3514                 if ($line =~ /\bstatic\s+char\s+(\w+)\s*\[\s*\]\s*=\s*"/) {
3515                         WARN("STATIC_CONST_CHAR_ARRAY",
3516                              "static char array declaration should probably be static const char\n" .
3517                                 $herecurr);
3518                }
3519
3520 # check for const <foo> const where <foo> is not a pointer or array type
3521                 if ($sline =~ /\bconst\s+($BasicType)\s+const\b/) {
3522                         my $found = $1;
3523                         if ($sline =~ /\bconst\s+\Q$found\E\s+const\b\s*\*/) {
3524                                 WARN("CONST_CONST",
3525                                      "'const $found const *' should probably be 'const $found * const'\n" . $herecurr);
3526                         } elsif ($sline !~ /\bconst\s+\Q$found\E\s+const\s+\w+\s*\[/) {
3527                                 WARN("CONST_CONST",
3528                                      "'const $found const' should probably be 'const $found'\n" . $herecurr);
3529                         }
3530                 }
3531
3532 # check for non-global char *foo[] = {"bar", ...} declarations.
3533                 if ($line =~ /^.\s+(?:static\s+|const\s+)?char\s+\*\s*\w+\s*\[\s*\]\s*=\s*\{/) {
3534                         WARN("STATIC_CONST_CHAR_ARRAY",
3535                              "char * array declaration might be better as static const\n" .
3536                                 $herecurr);
3537                }
3538
3539 # check for sizeof(foo)/sizeof(foo[0]) that could be ARRAY_SIZE(foo)
3540                 if ($line =~ m@\bsizeof\s*\(\s*($Lval)\s*\)@) {
3541                         my $array = $1;
3542                         if ($line =~ m@\b(sizeof\s*\(\s*\Q$array\E\s*\)\s*/\s*sizeof\s*\(\s*\Q$array\E\s*\[\s*0\s*\]\s*\))@) {
3543                                 my $array_div = $1;
3544                                 if (WARN("ARRAY_SIZE",
3545                                          "Prefer ARRAY_SIZE($array)\n" . $herecurr) &&
3546                                     $fix) {
3547                                         $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/\Q$array_div\E/ARRAY_SIZE($array)/;
3548                                 }
3549                         }
3550                 }
3551
3552 # check for function declarations without arguments like "int foo()"
3553                 if ($line =~ /(\b$Type\s+$Ident)\s*\(\s*\)/) {
3554                         if (ERROR("FUNCTION_WITHOUT_ARGS",
3555                                   "Bad function definition - $1() should probably be $1(void)\n" . $herecurr) &&
3556                             $fix) {
3557                                 $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/(\b($Type)\s+($Ident))\s*\(\s*\)/$2 $3(void)/;
3558                         }
3559                 }
3560
3561 # check for uses of DEFINE_PCI_DEVICE_TABLE
3562                 if ($line =~ /\bDEFINE_PCI_DEVICE_TABLE\s*\(\s*(\w+)\s*\)\s*=/) {
3563                         if (WARN("DEFINE_PCI_DEVICE_TABLE",
3564                                  "Prefer struct pci_device_id over deprecated DEFINE_PCI_DEVICE_TABLE\n" . $herecurr) &&
3565                             $fix) {
3566                                 $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/\b(?:static\s+|)DEFINE_PCI_DEVICE_TABLE\s*\(\s*(\w+)\s*\)\s*=\s*/static const struct pci_device_id $1\[\] = /;
3567                         }
3568                 }
3569
3570 # check for new typedefs, only function parameters and sparse annotations
3571 # make sense.
3572                 if ($line =~ /\btypedef\s/ &&
3573                     $line !~ /\btypedef\s+$Type\s*\(\s*\*?$Ident\s*\)\s*\(/ &&
3574                     $line !~ /\btypedef\s+$Type\s+$Ident\s*\(/ &&
3575                     $line !~ /\b$typeTypedefs\b/ &&
3576                     $line !~ /\b__bitwise(?:__|)\b/) {
3577                         WARN("NEW_TYPEDEFS",
3578                              "do not add new typedefs\n" . $herecurr);
3579                 }
3580
3581 # * goes on variable not on type
3582                 # (char*[ const])
3583                 while ($line =~ m{(\($NonptrType(\s*(?:$Modifier\b\s*|\*\s*)+)\))}g) {
3584                         #print "AA<$1>\n";
3585                         my ($ident, $from, $to) = ($1, $2, $2);
3586
3587                         # Should start with a space.
3588                         $to =~ s/^(\S)/ $1/;
3589                         # Should not end with a space.
3590                         $to =~ s/\s+$//;
3591                         # '*'s should not have spaces between.
3592                         while ($to =~ s/\*\s+\*/\*\*/) {
3593                         }
3594
3595 ##                      print "1: from<$from> to<$to> ident<$ident>\n";
3596                         if ($from ne $to) {
3597                                 if (ERROR("POINTER_LOCATION",
3598                                           "\"(foo$from)\" should be \"(foo$to)\"\n" .  $herecurr) &&
3599                                     $fix) {
3600                                         my $sub_from = $ident;
3601                                         my $sub_to = $ident;
3602                                         $sub_to =~ s/\Q$from\E/$to/;
3603                                         $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~
3604                                             s@\Q$sub_from\E@$sub_to@;
3605                                 }
3606                         }
3607                 }
3608                 while ($line =~ m{(\b$NonptrType(\s*(?:$Modifier\b\s*|\*\s*)+)($Ident))}g) {
3609                         #print "BB<$1>\n";
3610                         my ($match, $from, $to, $ident) = ($1, $2, $2, $3);
3611
3612                         # Should start with a space.
3613                         $to =~ s/^(\S)/ $1/;
3614                         # Should not end with a space.
3615                         $to =~ s/\s+$//;
3616                         # '*'s should not have spaces between.
3617                         while ($to =~ s/\*\s+\*/\*\*/) {
3618                         }
3619                         # Modifiers should have spaces.
3620                         $to =~ s/(\b$Modifier$)/$1 /;
3621
3622 ##                      print "2: from<$from> to<$to> ident<$ident>\n";
3623                         if ($from ne $to && $ident !~ /^$Modifier$/) {
3624                                 if (ERROR("POINTER_LOCATION",
3625                                           "\"foo${from}bar\" should be \"foo${to}bar\"\n" .  $herecurr) &&
3626                                     $fix) {
3627
3628                                         my $sub_from = $match;
3629                                         my $sub_to = $match;
3630                                         $sub_to =~ s/\Q$from\E/$to/;
3631                                         $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~
3632                                             s@\Q$sub_from\E@$sub_to@;
3633                                 }
3634                         }
3635                 }
3636
3637 # avoid BUG() or BUG_ON()
3638                 if ($line =~ /\b(?:BUG|BUG_ON)\b/) {
3639                         my $msg_type = \&WARN;
3640                         $msg_type = \&CHK if ($file);
3641                         &{$msg_type}("AVOID_BUG",
3642                                      "Avoid crashing the kernel - try using WARN_ON & recovery code rather than BUG() or BUG_ON()\n" . $herecurr);
3643                 }
3644
3645 # avoid LINUX_VERSION_CODE
3646                 if ($line =~ /\bLINUX_VERSION_CODE\b/) {
3647                         WARN("LINUX_VERSION_CODE",
3648                              "LINUX_VERSION_CODE should be avoided, code should be for the version to which it is merged\n" . $herecurr);
3649                 }
3650
3651 # check for uses of printk_ratelimit
3652                 if ($line =~ /\bprintk_ratelimit\s*\(/) {
3653                         WARN("PRINTK_RATELIMITED",
3654                              "Prefer printk_ratelimited or pr_<level>_ratelimited to printk_ratelimit\n" . $herecurr);
3655                 }
3656
3657 # printk should use KERN_* levels.  Note that follow on printk's on the
3658 # same line do not need a level, so we use the current block context
3659 # to try and find and validate the current printk.  In summary the current
3660 # printk includes all preceding printk's which have no newline on the end.
3661 # we assume the first bad printk is the one to report.
3662                 if ($line =~ /\bprintk\((?!KERN_)\s*"/) {
3663                         my $ok = 0;
3664                         for (my $ln = $linenr - 1; $ln >= $first_line; $ln--) {
3665                                 #print "CHECK<$lines[$ln - 1]\n";
3666                                 # we have a preceding printk if it ends
3667                                 # with "\n" ignore it, else it is to blame
3668                                 if ($lines[$ln - 1] =~ m{\bprintk\(}) {
3669                                         if ($rawlines[$ln - 1] !~ m{\\n"}) {
3670                                                 $ok = 1;
3671                                         }
3672                                         last;
3673                                 }
3674                         }
3675                         if ($ok == 0) {
3676                                 WARN("PRINTK_WITHOUT_KERN_LEVEL",
3677                                      "printk() should include KERN_ facility level\n" . $herecurr);
3678                         }
3679                 }
3680
3681                 if ($line =~ /\bprintk\s*\(\s*KERN_([A-Z]+)/) {
3682                         my $orig = $1;
3683                         my $level = lc($orig);
3684                         $level = "warn" if ($level eq "warning");
3685                         my $level2 = $level;
3686                         $level2 = "dbg" if ($level eq "debug");
3687                         WARN("PREFER_PR_LEVEL",
3688                              "Prefer [subsystem eg: netdev]_$level2([subsystem]dev, ... then dev_$level2(dev, ... then pr_$level(...  to printk(KERN_$orig ...\n" . $herecurr);
3689                 }
3690
3691                 if ($line =~ /\bpr_warning\s*\(/) {
3692                         if (WARN("PREFER_PR_LEVEL",
3693                                  "Prefer pr_warn(... to pr_warning(...\n" . $herecurr) &&
3694                             $fix) {
3695                                 $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~
3696                                     s/\bpr_warning\b/pr_warn/;
3697                         }
3698                 }
3699
3700                 if ($line =~ /\bdev_printk\s*\(\s*KERN_([A-Z]+)/) {
3701                         my $orig = $1;
3702                         my $level = lc($orig);
3703                         $level = "warn" if ($level eq "warning");
3704                         $level = "dbg" if ($level eq "debug");
3705                         WARN("PREFER_DEV_LEVEL",
3706                              "Prefer dev_$level(... to dev_printk(KERN_$orig, ...\n" . $herecurr);
3707                 }
3708
3709 # ENOSYS means "bad syscall nr" and nothing else.  This will have a small
3710 # number of false positives, but assembly files are not checked, so at
3711 # least the arch entry code will not trigger this warning.
3712                 if ($line =~ /\bENOSYS\b/) {
3713                         WARN("ENOSYS",
3714                              "ENOSYS means 'invalid syscall nr' and nothing else\n" . $herecurr);
3715                 }
3716
3717 # function brace can't be on same line, except for #defines of do while,
3718 # or if closed on same line
3719                 if (($line=~/$Type\s*$Ident\(.*\).*\s*{/) and
3720                     !($line=~/\#\s*define.*do\s\{/) and !($line=~/}/)) {
3721                         if (ERROR("OPEN_BRACE",
3722                                   "open brace '{' following function declarations go on the next line\n" . $herecurr) &&
3723                             $fix) {
3724                                 fix_delete_line($fixlinenr, $rawline);
3725                                 my $fixed_line = $rawline;
3726                                 $fixed_line =~ /(^..*$Type\s*$Ident\(.*\)\s*){(.*)$/;
3727                                 my $line1 = $1;
3728                                 my $line2 = $2;
3729                                 fix_insert_line($fixlinenr, ltrim($line1));
3730                                 fix_insert_line($fixlinenr, "\+{");
3731                                 if ($line2 !~ /^\s*$/) {
3732                                         fix_insert_line($fixlinenr, "\+\t" . trim($line2));
3733                                 }
3734                         }
3735                 }
3736
3737 # open braces for enum, union and struct go on the same line.
3738                 if ($line =~ /^.\s*{/ &&
3739                     $prevline =~ /^.\s*(?:typedef\s+)?(enum|union|struct)(?:\s+$Ident)?\s*$/) {
3740                         if (ERROR("OPEN_BRACE",
3741                                   "open brace '{' following $1 go on the same line\n" . $hereprev) &&
3742                             $fix && $prevline =~ /^\+/ && $line =~ /^\+/) {
3743                                 fix_delete_line($fixlinenr - 1, $prevrawline);
3744                                 fix_delete_line($fixlinenr, $rawline);
3745                                 my $fixedline = rtrim($prevrawline) . " {";
3746                                 fix_insert_line($fixlinenr, $fixedline);
3747                                 $fixedline = $rawline;
3748                                 $fixedline =~ s/^(.\s*){\s*/$1\t/;
3749                                 if ($fixedline !~ /^\+\s*$/) {
3750                                         fix_insert_line($fixlinenr, $fixedline);
3751                                 }
3752                         }
3753                 }
3754
3755 # missing space after union, struct or enum definition
3756                 if ($line =~ /^.\s*(?:typedef\s+)?(enum|union|struct)(?:\s+$Ident){1,2}[=\{]/) {
3757                         if (WARN("SPACING",
3758                                  "missing space after $1 definition\n" . $herecurr) &&
3759                             $fix) {
3760                                 $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~
3761                                     s/^(.\s*(?:typedef\s+)?(?:enum|union|struct)(?:\s+$Ident){1,2})([=\{])/$1 $2/;
3762                         }
3763                 }
3764
3765 # Function pointer declarations
3766 # check spacing between type, funcptr, and args
3767 # canonical declaration is "type (*funcptr)(args...)"
3768                 if ($line =~ /^.\s*($Declare)\((\s*)\*(\s*)($Ident)(\s*)\)(\s*)\(/) {
3769                         my $declare = $1;
3770                         my $pre_pointer_space = $2;
3771                         my $post_pointer_space = $3;
3772                         my $funcname = $4;
3773                         my $post_funcname_space = $5;
3774                         my $pre_args_space = $6;
3775
3776 # the $Declare variable will capture all spaces after the type
3777 # so check it for a missing trailing missing space but pointer return types
3778 # don't need a space so don't warn for those.
3779                         my $post_declare_space = "";
3780                         if ($declare =~ /(\s+)$/) {
3781                                 $post_declare_space = $1;
3782                                 $declare = rtrim($declare);
3783                         }
3784                         if ($declare !~ /\*$/ && $post_declare_space =~ /^$/) {
3785                                 WARN("SPACING",
3786                                      "missing space after return type\n" . $herecurr);
3787                                 $post_declare_space = " ";
3788                         }
3789
3790 # unnecessary space "type  (*funcptr)(args...)"
3791 # This test is not currently implemented because these declarations are
3792 # equivalent to
3793 #       int  foo(int bar, ...)
3794 # and this is form shouldn't/doesn't generate a checkpatch warning.
3795 #
3796 #                       elsif ($declare =~ /\s{2,}$/) {
3797 #                               WARN("SPACING",
3798 #                                    "Multiple spaces after return type\n" . $herecurr);
3799 #                       }
3800
3801 # unnecessary space "type ( *funcptr)(args...)"
3802                         if (defined $pre_pointer_space &&
3803                             $pre_pointer_space =~ /^\s/) {
3804                                 WARN("SPACING",
3805                                      "Unnecessary space after function pointer open parenthesis\n" . $herecurr);
3806                         }
3807
3808 # unnecessary space "type (* funcptr)(args...)"
3809                         if (defined $post_pointer_space &&
3810                             $post_pointer_space =~ /^\s/) {
3811                                 WARN("SPACING",
3812                                      "Unnecessary space before function pointer name\n" . $herecurr);
3813                         }
3814
3815 # unnecessary space "type (*funcptr )(args...)"
3816                         if (defined $post_funcname_space &&
3817                             $post_funcname_space =~ /^\s/) {
3818                                 WARN("SPACING",
3819                                      "Unnecessary space after function pointer name\n" . $herecurr);
3820                         }
3821
3822 # unnecessary space "type (*funcptr) (args...)"
3823                         if (defined $pre_args_space &&
3824                             $pre_args_space =~ /^\s/) {
3825                                 WARN("SPACING",
3826                                      "Unnecessary space before function pointer arguments\n" . $herecurr);
3827                         }
3828
3829                         if (show_type("SPACING") && $fix) {
3830                                 $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~
3831                                     s/^(.\s*)$Declare\s*\(\s*\*\s*$Ident\s*\)\s*\(/$1 . $declare . $post_declare_space . '(*' . $funcname . ')('/ex;
3832                         }
3833                 }
3834
3835 # check for spacing round square brackets; allowed:
3836 #  1. with a type on the left -- int [] a;
3837 #  2. at the beginning of a line for slice initialisers -- [0...10] = 5,
3838 #  3. inside a curly brace -- = { [0...10] = 5 }
3839                 while ($line =~ /(.*?\s)\[/g) {
3840                         my ($where, $prefix) = ($-[1], $1);
3841                         if ($prefix !~ /$Type\s+$/ &&
3842                             ($where != 0 || $prefix !~ /^.\s+$/) &&
3843                             $prefix !~ /[{,]\s+$/) {
3844                                 if (ERROR("BRACKET_SPACE",
3845                                           "space prohibited before open square bracket '['\n" . $herecurr) &&
3846                                     $fix) {
3847                                     $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~
3848                                         s/^(\+.*?)\s+\[/$1\[/;
3849                                 }
3850                         }
3851                 }
3852
3853 # check for spaces between functions and their parentheses.
3854                 while ($line =~ /($Ident)\s+\(/g) {
3855                         my $name = $1;
3856                         my $ctx_before = substr($line, 0, $-[1]);
3857                         my $ctx = "$ctx_before$name";
3858
3859                         # Ignore those directives where spaces _are_ permitted.
3860                         if ($name =~ /^(?:
3861                                 if|for|while|switch|return|case|
3862                                 volatile|__volatile__|
3863                                 __attribute__|format|__extension__|
3864                                 asm|__asm__)$/x)
3865                         {
3866                         # cpp #define statements have non-optional spaces, ie
3867                         # if there is a space between the name and the open
3868                         # parenthesis it is simply not a parameter group.
3869                         } elsif ($ctx_before =~ /^.\s*\#\s*define\s*$/) {
3870
3871                         # cpp #elif statement condition may start with a (
3872                         } elsif ($ctx =~ /^.\s*\#\s*elif\s*$/) {
3873
3874                         # If this whole things ends with a type its most
3875                         # likely a typedef for a function.
3876                         } elsif ($ctx =~ /$Type$/) {
3877
3878                         } else {
3879                                 if (WARN("SPACING",
3880                                          "space prohibited between function name and open parenthesis '('\n" . $herecurr) &&
3881                                              $fix) {
3882                                         $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~
3883                                             s/\b$name\s+\(/$name\(/;
3884                                 }
3885                         }
3886                 }
3887
3888 # Check operator spacing.
3889                 if (!($line=~/\#\s*include/)) {
3890                         my $fixed_line = "";
3891                         my $line_fixed = 0;
3892
3893                         my $ops = qr{
3894                                 <<=|>>=|<=|>=|==|!=|
3895                                 \+=|-=|\*=|\/=|%=|\^=|\|=|&=|
3896                                 =>|->|<<|>>|<|>|=|!|~|
3897                                 &&|\|\||,|\^|\+\+|--|&|\||\+|-|\*|\/|%|
3898                                 \?:|\?|:
3899                         }x;
3900                         my @elements = split(/($ops|;)/, $opline);
3901
3902 ##                      print("element count: <" . $#elements . ">\n");
3903 ##                      foreach my $el (@elements) {
3904 ##                              print("el: <$el>\n");
3905 ##                      }
3906
3907                         my @fix_elements = ();
3908                         my $off = 0;
3909
3910                         foreach my $el (@elements) {
3911                                 push(@fix_elements, substr($rawline, $off, length($el)));
3912                                 $off += length($el);
3913                         }
3914
3915                         $off = 0;
3916
3917                         my $blank = copy_spacing($opline);
3918                         my $last_after = -1;
3919
3920                         for (my $n = 0; $n < $#elements; $n += 2) {
3921
3922                                 my $good = $fix_elements[$n] . $fix_elements[$n + 1];
3923
3924 ##                              print("n: <$n> good: <$good>\n");
3925
3926                                 $off += length($elements[$n]);
3927
3928                                 # Pick up the preceding and succeeding characters.
3929                                 my $ca = substr($opline, 0, $off);
3930                                 my $cc = '';
3931                                 if (length($opline) >= ($off + length($elements[$n + 1]))) {
3932                                         $cc = substr($opline, $off + length($elements[$n + 1]));
3933                                 }
3934                                 my $cb = "$ca$;$cc";
3935
3936                                 my $a = '';
3937                                 $a = 'V' if ($elements[$n] ne '');
3938                                 $a = 'W' if ($elements[$n] =~ /\s$/);
3939                                 $a = 'C' if ($elements[$n] =~ /$;$/);
3940                                 $a = 'B' if ($elements[$n] =~ /(\[|\()$/);
3941                                 $a = 'O' if ($elements[$n] eq '');
3942                                 $a = 'E' if ($ca =~ /^\s*$/);
3943
3944                                 my $op = $elements[$n + 1];
3945
3946                                 my $c = '';
3947                                 if (defined $elements[$n + 2]) {
3948                                         $c = 'V' if ($elements[$n + 2] ne '');
3949                                         $c = 'W' if ($elements[$n + 2] =~ /^\s/);
3950                                         $c = 'C' if ($elements[$n + 2] =~ /^$;/);
3951                                         $c = 'B' if ($elements[$n + 2] =~ /^(\)|\]|;)/);
3952                                         $c = 'O' if ($elements[$n + 2] eq '');
3953                                         $c = 'E' if ($elements[$n + 2] =~ /^\s*\\$/);
3954                                 } else {
3955                                         $c = 'E';
3956                                 }
3957
3958                                 my $ctx = "${a}x${c}";
3959
3960                                 my $at = "(ctx:$ctx)";
3961
3962                                 my $ptr = substr($blank, 0, $off) . "^";
3963                                 my $hereptr = "$hereline$ptr\n";
3964
3965                                 # Pull out the value of this operator.
3966                                 my $op_type = substr($curr_values, $off + 1, 1);
3967
3968                                 # Get the full operator variant.
3969                                 my $opv = $op . substr($curr_vars, $off, 1);
3970
3971                                 # Ignore operators passed as parameters.
3972                                 if ($op_type ne 'V' &&
3973                                     $ca =~ /\s$/ && $cc =~ /^\s*[,\)]/) {
3974
3975 #                               # Ignore comments
3976 #                               } elsif ($op =~ /^$;+$/) {
3977
3978                                 # ; should have either the end of line or a space or \ after it
3979                                 } elsif ($op eq ';') {
3980                                         if ($ctx !~ /.x[WEBC]/ &&
3981                                             $cc !~ /^\\/ && $cc !~ /^;/) {
3982                                                 if (ERROR("SPACING",
3983                                                           "space required after that '$op' $at\n" . $hereptr)) {
3984                                                         $good = $fix_elements[$n] . trim($fix_elements[$n + 1]) . " ";
3985                                                         $line_fixed = 1;
3986                                                 }
3987                                         }
3988
3989                                 # // is a comment
3990                                 } elsif ($op eq '//') {
3991
3992                                 #   :   when part of a bitfield
3993                                 } elsif ($opv eq ':B') {
3994                                         # skip the bitfield test for now
3995
3996                                 # No spaces for:
3997                                 #   ->
3998                                 } elsif ($op eq '->') {
3999                                         if ($ctx =~ /Wx.|.xW/) {
4000                                                 if (ERROR("SPACING",
4001                                                           "spaces prohibited around that '$op' $at\n" . $hereptr)) {
4002                                                         $good = rtrim($fix_elements[$n]) . trim($fix_elements[$n + 1]);
4003                                                         if (defined $fix_elements[$n + 2]) {
4004                                                                 $fix_elements[$n + 2] =~ s/^\s+//;
4005                                                         }
4006                                                         $line_fixed = 1;
4007                                                 }
4008                                         }
4009
4010                                 # , must not have a space before and must have a space on the right.
4011                                 } elsif ($op eq ',') {
4012                                         my $rtrim_before = 0;
4013                                         my $space_after = 0;
4014                                         if ($ctx =~ /Wx./) {
4015                                                 if (ERROR("SPACING",
4016                                                           "space prohibited before that '$op' $at\n" . $hereptr)) {
4017                                                         $line_fixed = 1;
4018                                                         $rtrim_before = 1;
4019                                                 }
4020                                         }
4021                                         if ($ctx !~ /.x[WEC]/ && $cc !~ /^}/) {
4022                                                 if (ERROR("SPACING",
4023                                                           "space required after that '$op' $at\n" . $hereptr)) {
4024                                                         $line_fixed = 1;
4025                                                         $last_after = $n;
4026                                                         $space_after = 1;
4027                                                 }
4028                                         }
4029                                         if ($rtrim_before || $space_after) {
4030                                                 if ($rtrim_before) {
4031                                                         $good = rtrim($fix_elements[$n]) . trim($fix_elements[$n + 1]);
4032                                                 } else {
4033                                                         $good = $fix_elements[$n] . trim($fix_elements[$n + 1]);
4034                                                 }
4035                                                 if ($space_after) {
4036                                                         $good .= " ";
4037                                                 }
4038                                         }
4039
4040                                 # '*' as part of a type definition -- reported already.
4041                                 } elsif ($opv eq '*_') {
4042                                         #warn "'*' is part of type\n";
4043
4044                                 # unary operators should have a space before and
4045                                 # none after.  May be left adjacent to another
4046                                 # unary operator, or a cast
4047                                 } elsif ($op eq '!' || $op eq '~' ||
4048                                          $opv eq '*U' || $opv eq '-U' ||
4049                                          $opv eq '&U' || $opv eq '&&U') {
4050                                         if ($ctx !~ /[WEBC]x./ && $ca !~ /(?:\)|!|~|\*|-|\&|\||\+\+|\-\-|\{)$/) {
4051                                                 if (ERROR("SPACING",
4052                                                           "space required before that '$op' $at\n" . $hereptr)) {
4053                                                         if ($n != $last_after + 2) {
4054                                                                 $good = $fix_elements[$n] . " " . ltrim($fix_elements[$n + 1]);
4055                                                                 $line_fixed = 1;
4056                                                         }
4057                                                 }
4058                                         }
4059                                         if ($op eq '*' && $cc =~/\s*$Modifier\b/) {
4060                                                 # A unary '*' may be const
4061
4062                                         } elsif ($ctx =~ /.xW/) {
4063                                                 if (ERROR("SPACING",
4064                                                           "space prohibited after that '$op' $at\n" . $hereptr)) {
4065                                                         $good = $fix_elements[$n] . rtrim($fix_elements[$n + 1]);
4066                                                         if (defined $fix_elements[$n + 2]) {
4067                                                                 $fix_elements[$n + 2] =~ s/^\s+//;
4068                                                         }
4069                                                         $line_fixed = 1;
4070                                                 }
4071                                         }
4072
4073                                 # unary ++ and unary -- are allowed no space on one side.
4074                                 } elsif ($op eq '++' or $op eq '--') {
4075                                         if ($ctx !~ /[WEOBC]x[^W]/ && $ctx !~ /[^W]x[WOBEC]/) {
4076                                                 if (ERROR("SPACING",
4077                                                           "space required one side of that '$op' $at\n" . $hereptr)) {
4078                                                         $good = $fix_elements[$n] . trim($fix_elements[$n + 1]) . " ";
4079                                                         $line_fixed = 1;
4080                                                 }
4081                                         }
4082                                         if ($ctx =~ /Wx[BE]/ ||
4083                                             ($ctx =~ /Wx./ && $cc =~ /^;/)) {
4084                                                 if (ERROR("SPACING",
4085                                                           "space prohibited before that '$op' $at\n" . $hereptr)) {
4086                                                         $good = rtrim($fix_elements[$n]) . trim($fix_elements[$n + 1]);
4087                                                         $line_fixed = 1;
4088                                                 }
4089                                         }
4090                                         if ($ctx =~ /ExW/) {
4091                                                 if (ERROR("SPACING",
4092                                                           "space prohibited after that '$op' $at\n" . $hereptr)) {
4093                                                         $good = $fix_elements[$n] . trim($fix_elements[$n + 1]);
4094                                                         if (defined $fix_elements[$n + 2]) {
4095                                                                 $fix_elements[$n + 2] =~ s/^\s+//;
4096                                                         }
4097                                                         $line_fixed = 1;
4098                                                 }
4099                                         }
4100
4101                                 # << and >> may either have or not have spaces both sides
4102                                 } elsif ($op eq '<<' or $op eq '>>' or
4103                                          $op eq '&' or $op eq '^' or $op eq '|' or
4104                                          $op eq '+' or $op eq '-' or
4105                                          $op eq '*' or $op eq '/' or
4106                                          $op eq '%')
4107                                 {
4108                                         if ($check) {
4109                                                 if (defined $fix_elements[$n + 2] && $ctx !~ /[EW]x[EW]/) {
4110                                                         if (CHK("SPACING",
4111                                                                 "spaces preferred around that '$op' $at\n" . $hereptr)) {
4112                                                                 $good = rtrim($fix_elements[$n]) . " " . trim($fix_elements[$n + 1]) . " ";
4113                                                                 $fix_elements[$n + 2] =~ s/^\s+//;
4114                                                                 $line_fixed = 1;
4115                                                         }
4116                                                 } elsif (!defined $fix_elements[$n + 2] && $ctx !~ /Wx[OE]/) {
4117                                                         if (CHK("SPACING",
4118                                                                 "space preferred before that '$op' $at\n" . $hereptr)) {
4119                                                                 $good = rtrim($fix_elements[$n]) . " " . trim($fix_elements[$n + 1]);
4120                                                                 $line_fixed = 1;
4121                                                         }
4122                                                 }
4123                                         } elsif ($ctx =~ /Wx[^WCE]|[^WCE]xW/) {
4124                                                 if (ERROR("SPACING",
4125                                                           "need consistent spacing around '$op' $at\n" . $hereptr)) {
4126                                                         $good = rtrim($fix_elements[$n]) . " " . trim($fix_elements[$n + 1]) . " ";
4127                                                         if (defined $fix_elements[$n + 2]) {
4128                                                                 $fix_elements[$n + 2] =~ s/^\s+//;
4129                                                         }
4130                                                         $line_fixed = 1;
4131                                                 }
4132                                         }
4133
4134                                 # A colon needs no spaces before when it is
4135                                 # terminating a case value or a label.
4136                                 } elsif ($opv eq ':C' || $opv eq ':L') {
4137                                         if ($ctx =~ /Wx./) {
4138                                                 if (ERROR("SPACING",
4139                                                           "space prohibited before that '$op' $at\n" . $hereptr)) {
4140                                                         $good = rtrim($fix_elements[$n]) . trim($fix_elements[$n + 1]);
4141                                                         $line_fixed = 1;
4142                                                 }
4143                                         }
4144
4145                                 # All the others need spaces both sides.
4146                                 } elsif ($ctx !~ /[EWC]x[CWE]/) {
4147                                         my $ok = 0;
4148
4149                                         # Ignore email addresses <foo@bar>
4150                                         if (($op eq '<' &&
4151                                              $cc =~ /^\S+\@\S+>/) ||
4152                                             ($op eq '>' &&
4153                                              $ca =~ /<\S+\@\S+$/))
4154                                         {
4155                                                 $ok = 1;
4156                                         }
4157
4158                                         # for asm volatile statements
4159                                         # ignore a colon with another
4160                                         # colon immediately before or after
4161                                         if (($op eq ':') &&
4162                                             ($ca =~ /:$/ || $cc =~ /^:/)) {
4163                                                 $ok = 1;
4164                                         }
4165
4166                                         # messages are ERROR, but ?: are CHK
4167                                         if ($ok == 0) {
4168                                                 my $msg_type = \&ERROR;
4169                                                 $msg_type = \&CHK if (($op eq '?:' || $op eq '?' || $op eq ':') && $ctx =~ /VxV/);
4170
4171                                                 if (&{$msg_type}("SPACING",
4172                                                                  "spaces required around that '$op' $at\n" . $hereptr)) {
4173                                                         $good = rtrim($fix_elements[$n]) . " " . trim($fix_elements[$n + 1]) . " ";
4174                                                         if (defined $fix_elements[$n + 2]) {
4175                                                                 $fix_elements[$n + 2] =~ s/^\s+//;
4176                                                         }
4177                                                         $line_fixed = 1;
4178                                                 }
4179                                         }
4180                                 }
4181                                 $off += length($elements[$n + 1]);
4182
4183 ##                              print("n: <$n> GOOD: <$good>\n");
4184
4185                                 $fixed_line = $fixed_line . $good;
4186                         }
4187
4188                         if (($#elements % 2) == 0) {
4189                                 $fixed_line = $fixed_line . $fix_elements[$#elements];
4190                         }
4191
4192                         if ($fix && $line_fixed && $fixed_line ne $fixed[$fixlinenr]) {
4193                                 $fixed[$fixlinenr] = $fixed_line;
4194                         }
4195
4196
4197                 }
4198
4199 # check for whitespace before a non-naked semicolon
4200                 if ($line =~ /^\+.*\S\s+;\s*$/) {
4201                         if (WARN("SPACING",
4202                                  "space prohibited before semicolon\n" . $herecurr) &&
4203                             $fix) {
4204                                 1 while $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~
4205                                     s/^(\+.*\S)\s+;/$1;/;
4206                         }
4207                 }
4208
4209 # check for multiple assignments
4210                 if ($line =~ /^.\s*$Lval\s*=\s*$Lval\s*=(?!=)/) {
4211                         CHK("MULTIPLE_ASSIGNMENTS",
4212                             "multiple assignments should be avoided\n" . $herecurr);
4213                 }
4214
4215 ## # check for multiple declarations, allowing for a function declaration
4216 ## # continuation.
4217 ##              if ($line =~ /^.\s*$Type\s+$Ident(?:\s*=[^,{]*)?\s*,\s*$Ident.*/ &&
4218 ##                  $line !~ /^.\s*$Type\s+$Ident(?:\s*=[^,{]*)?\s*,\s*$Type\s*$Ident.*/) {
4219 ##
4220 ##                      # Remove any bracketed sections to ensure we do not
4221 ##                      # falsly report the parameters of functions.
4222 ##                      my $ln = $line;
4223 ##                      while ($ln =~ s/\([^\(\)]*\)//g) {
4224 ##                      }
4225 ##                      if ($ln =~ /,/) {
4226 ##                              WARN("MULTIPLE_DECLARATION",
4227 ##                                   "declaring multiple variables together should be avoided\n" . $herecurr);
4228 ##                      }
4229 ##              }
4230
4231 #need space before brace following if, while, etc
4232                 if (($line =~ /\(.*\)\{/ && $line !~ /\($Type\)\{/) ||
4233                     $line =~ /do\{/) {
4234                         if (ERROR("SPACING",
4235                                   "space required before the open brace '{'\n" . $herecurr) &&
4236                             $fix) {
4237                                 $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/^(\+.*(?:do|\))){/$1 {/;
4238                         }
4239                 }
4240
4241 ## # check for blank lines before declarations
4242 ##              if ($line =~ /^.\t+$Type\s+$Ident(?:\s*=.*)?;/ &&
4243 ##                  $prevrawline =~ /^.\s*$/) {
4244 ##                      WARN("SPACING",
4245 ##                           "No blank lines before declarations\n" . $hereprev);
4246 ##              }
4247 ##
4248
4249 # closing brace should have a space following it when it has anything
4250 # on the line
4251                 if ($line =~ /}(?!(?:,|;|\)))\S/) {
4252                         if (ERROR("SPACING",
4253                                   "space required after that close brace '}'\n" . $herecurr) &&
4254                             $fix) {
4255                                 $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~
4256                                     s/}((?!(?:,|;|\)))\S)/} $1/;
4257                         }
4258                 }
4259
4260 # check spacing on square brackets
4261                 if ($line =~ /\[\s/ && $line !~ /\[\s*$/) {
4262                         if (ERROR("SPACING",
4263                                   "space prohibited after that open square bracket '['\n" . $herecurr) &&
4264                             $fix) {
4265                                 $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~
4266                                     s/\[\s+/\[/;
4267                         }
4268                 }
4269                 if ($line =~ /\s\]/) {
4270                         if (ERROR("SPACING",
4271                                   "space prohibited before that close square bracket ']'\n" . $herecurr) &&
4272                             $fix) {
4273                                 $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~
4274                                     s/\s+\]/\]/;
4275                         }
4276                 }
4277
4278 # check spacing on parentheses
4279                 if ($line =~ /\(\s/ && $line !~ /\(\s*(?:\\)?$/ &&
4280                     $line !~ /for\s*\(\s+;/) {
4281                         if (ERROR("SPACING",
4282                                   "space prohibited after that open parenthesis '('\n" . $herecurr) &&
4283                             $fix) {
4284                                 $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~
4285                                     s/\(\s+/\(/;
4286                         }
4287                 }
4288                 if ($line =~ /(\s+)\)/ && $line !~ /^.\s*\)/ &&
4289                     $line !~ /for\s*\(.*;\s+\)/ &&
4290                     $line !~ /:\s+\)/) {
4291                         if (ERROR("SPACING",
4292                                   "space prohibited before that close parenthesis ')'\n" . $herecurr) &&
4293                             $fix) {
4294                                 $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~
4295                                     s/\s+\)/\)/;
4296                         }
4297                 }
4298
4299 # check unnecessary parentheses around addressof/dereference single $Lvals
4300 # ie: &(foo->bar) should be &foo->bar and *(foo->bar) should be *foo->bar
4301
4302                 while ($line =~ /(?:[^&]&\s*|\*)\(\s*($Ident\s*(?:$Member\s*)+)\s*\)/g) {
4303                         my $var = $1;
4304                         if (CHK("UNNECESSARY_PARENTHESES",
4305                                 "Unnecessary parentheses around $var\n" . $herecurr) &&
4306                             $fix) {
4307                                 $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/\(\s*\Q$var\E\s*\)/$var/;
4308                         }
4309                 }
4310
4311 # check for unnecessary parentheses around function pointer uses
4312 # ie: (foo->bar)(); should be foo->bar();
4313 # but not "if (foo->bar) (" to avoid some false positives
4314                 if ($line =~ /(\bif\s*|)(\(\s*$Ident\s*(?:$Member\s*)+\))[ \t]*\(/ && $1 !~ /^if/) {
4315                         my $var = $2;
4316                         if (CHK("UNNECESSARY_PARENTHESES",
4317                                 "Unnecessary parentheses around function pointer $var\n" . $herecurr) &&
4318                             $fix) {
4319                                 my $var2 = deparenthesize($var);
4320                                 $var2 =~ s/\s//g;
4321                                 $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/\Q$var\E/$var2/;
4322                         }
4323                 }
4324
4325 #goto labels aren't indented, allow a single space however
4326                 if ($line=~/^.\s+[A-Za-z\d_]+:(?![0-9]+)/ and
4327                    !($line=~/^. [A-Za-z\d_]+:/) and !($line=~/^.\s+default:/)) {
4328                         if (WARN("INDENTED_LABEL",
4329                                  "labels should not be indented\n" . $herecurr) &&
4330                             $fix) {
4331                                 $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~
4332                                     s/^(.)\s+/$1/;
4333                         }
4334                 }
4335
4336 # return is not a function
4337                 if (defined($stat) && $stat =~ /^.\s*return(\s*)\(/s) {
4338                         my $spacing = $1;
4339                         if ($^V && $^V ge 5.10.0 &&
4340                             $stat =~ /^.\s*return\s*($balanced_parens)\s*;\s*$/) {
4341                                 my $value = $1;
4342                                 $value = deparenthesize($value);
4343                                 if ($value =~ m/^\s*$FuncArg\s*(?:\?|$)/) {
4344                                         ERROR("RETURN_PARENTHESES",
4345                                               "return is not a function, parentheses are not required\n" . $herecurr);
4346                                 }
4347                         } elsif ($spacing !~ /\s+/) {
4348                                 ERROR("SPACING",
4349                                       "space required before the open parenthesis '('\n" . $herecurr);
4350                         }
4351                 }
4352
4353 # unnecessary return in a void function
4354 # at end-of-function, with the previous line a single leading tab, then return;
4355 # and the line before that not a goto label target like "out:"
4356                 if ($sline =~ /^[ \+]}\s*$/ &&
4357                     $prevline =~ /^\+\treturn\s*;\s*$/ &&
4358                     $linenr >= 3 &&
4359                     $lines[$linenr - 3] =~ /^[ +]/ &&
4360                     $lines[$linenr - 3] !~ /^[ +]\s*$Ident\s*:/) {
4361                         WARN("RETURN_VOID",
4362                              "void function return statements are not generally useful\n" . $hereprev);
4363                }
4364
4365 # if statements using unnecessary parentheses - ie: if ((foo == bar))
4366                 if ($^V && $^V ge 5.10.0 &&
4367                     $line =~ /\bif\s*((?:\(\s*){2,})/) {
4368                         my $openparens = $1;
4369                         my $count = $openparens =~ tr@\(@\(@;
4370                         my $msg = "";
4371                         if ($line =~ /\bif\s*(?:\(\s*){$count,$count}$LvalOrFunc\s*($Compare)\s*$LvalOrFunc(?:\s*\)){$count,$count}/) {
4372                                 my $comp = $4;  #Not $1 because of $LvalOrFunc
4373                                 $msg = " - maybe == should be = ?" if ($comp eq "==");
4374                                 WARN("UNNECESSARY_PARENTHESES",
4375                                      "Unnecessary parentheses$msg\n" . $herecurr);
4376                         }
4377                 }
4378
4379 # comparisons with a constant or upper case identifier on the left
4380 #       avoid cases like "foo + BAR < baz"
4381 #       only fix matches surrounded by parentheses to avoid incorrect
4382 #       conversions like "FOO < baz() + 5" being "misfixed" to "baz() > FOO + 5"
4383                 if ($^V && $^V ge 5.10.0 &&
4384                     $line =~ /^\+(.*)\b($Constant|[A-Z_][A-Z0-9_]*)\s*($Compare)\s*($LvalOrFunc)/) {
4385                         my $lead = $1;
4386                         my $const = $2;
4387                         my $comp = $3;
4388                         my $to = $4;
4389                         my $newcomp = $comp;
4390                         if ($lead !~ /(?:$Operators|\.)\s*$/ &&
4391                             $to !~ /^(?:Constant|[A-Z_][A-Z0-9_]*)$/ &&
4392                             WARN("CONSTANT_COMPARISON",
4393                                  "Comparisons should place the constant on the right side of the test\n" . $herecurr) &&
4394                             $fix) {
4395                                 if ($comp eq "<") {
4396                                         $newcomp = ">";
4397                                 } elsif ($comp eq "<=") {
4398                                         $newcomp = ">=";
4399                                 } elsif ($comp eq ">") {
4400                                         $newcomp = "<";
4401                                 } elsif ($comp eq ">=") {
4402                                         $newcomp = "<=";
4403                                 }
4404                                 $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/\(\s*\Q$const\E\s*$Compare\s*\Q$to\E\s*\)/($to $newcomp $const)/;
4405                         }
4406                 }
4407
4408 # Return of what appears to be an errno should normally be negative
4409                 if ($sline =~ /\breturn(?:\s*\(+\s*|\s+)(E[A-Z]+)(?:\s*\)+\s*|\s*)[;:,]/) {
4410                         my $name = $1;
4411                         if ($name ne 'EOF' && $name ne 'ERROR') {
4412                                 WARN("USE_NEGATIVE_ERRNO",
4413                                      "return of an errno should typically be negative (ie: return -$1)\n" . $herecurr);
4414                         }
4415                 }
4416
4417 # Need a space before open parenthesis after if, while etc
4418                 if ($line =~ /\b(if|while|for|switch)\(/) {
4419                         if (ERROR("SPACING",
4420                                   "space required before the open parenthesis '('\n" . $herecurr) &&
4421                             $fix) {
4422                                 $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~
4423                                     s/\b(if|while|for|switch)\(/$1 \(/;
4424                         }
4425                 }
4426
4427 # Check for illegal assignment in if conditional -- and check for trailing
4428 # statements after the conditional.
4429                 if ($line =~ /do\s*(?!{)/) {
4430                         ($stat, $cond, $line_nr_next, $remain_next, $off_next) =
4431                                 ctx_statement_block($linenr, $realcnt, 0)
4432                                         if (!defined $stat);
4433                         my ($stat_next) = ctx_statement_block($line_nr_next,
4434                                                 $remain_next, $off_next);
4435                         $stat_next =~ s/\n./\n /g;
4436                         ##print "stat<$stat> stat_next<$stat_next>\n";
4437
4438                         if ($stat_next =~ /^\s*while\b/) {
4439                                 # If the statement carries leading newlines,
4440                                 # then count those as offsets.
4441                                 my ($whitespace) =
4442                                         ($stat_next =~ /^((?:\s*\n[+-])*\s*)/s);
4443                                 my $offset =
4444                                         statement_rawlines($whitespace) - 1;
4445
4446                                 $suppress_whiletrailers{$line_nr_next +
4447                                                                 $offset} = 1;
4448                         }
4449                 }
4450                 if (!defined $suppress_whiletrailers{$linenr} &&
4451                     defined($stat) && defined($cond) &&
4452                     $line =~ /\b(?:if|while|for)\s*\(/ && $line !~ /^.\s*#/) {
4453                         my ($s, $c) = ($stat, $cond);
4454
4455                         if ($c =~ /\bif\s*\(.*[^<>!=]=[^=].*/s) {
4456                                 ERROR("ASSIGN_IN_IF",
4457                                       "do not use assignment in if condition\n" . $herecurr);
4458                         }
4459
4460                         # Find out what is on the end of the line after the
4461                         # conditional.
4462                         substr($s, 0, length($c), '');
4463                         $s =~ s/\n.*//g;
4464                         $s =~ s/$;//g;  # Remove any comments
4465                         if (length($c) && $s !~ /^\s*{?\s*\\*\s*$/ &&
4466                             $c !~ /}\s*while\s*/)
4467                         {
4468                                 # Find out how long the conditional actually is.
4469                                 my @newlines = ($c =~ /\n/gs);
4470                                 my $cond_lines = 1 + $#newlines;
4471                                 my $stat_real = '';
4472
4473                                 $stat_real = raw_line($linenr, $cond_lines)
4474                                                         . "\n" if ($cond_lines);
4475                                 if (defined($stat_real) && $cond_lines > 1) {
4476                                         $stat_real = "[...]\n$stat_real";
4477                                 }
4478
4479                                 ERROR("TRAILING_STATEMENTS",
4480                                       "trailing statements should be on next line\n" . $herecurr . $stat_real);
4481                         }
4482                 }
4483
4484 # Check for bitwise tests written as boolean
4485                 if ($line =~ /
4486                         (?:
4487                                 (?:\[|\(|\&\&|\|\|)
4488                                 \s*0[xX][0-9]+\s*
4489                                 (?:\&\&|\|\|)
4490                         |
4491                                 (?:\&\&|\|\|)
4492                                 \s*0[xX][0-9]+\s*
4493                                 (?:\&\&|\|\||\)|\])
4494                         )/x)
4495                 {
4496                         WARN("HEXADECIMAL_BOOLEAN_TEST",
4497                              "boolean test with hexadecimal, perhaps just 1 \& or \|?\n" . $herecurr);
4498                 }
4499
4500 # if and else should not have general statements after it
4501                 if ($line =~ /^.\s*(?:}\s*)?else\b(.*)/) {
4502                         my $s = $1;
4503                         $s =~ s/$;//g;  # Remove any comments
4504                         if ($s !~ /^\s*(?:\sif|(?:{|)\s*\\?\s*$)/) {
4505                                 ERROR("TRAILING_STATEMENTS",
4506                                       "trailing statements should be on next line\n" . $herecurr);
4507                         }
4508                 }
4509 # if should not continue a brace
4510                 if ($line =~ /}\s*if\b/) {
4511                         ERROR("TRAILING_STATEMENTS",
4512                               "trailing statements should be on next line (or did you mean 'else if'?)\n" .
4513                                 $herecurr);
4514                 }
4515 # case and default should not have general statements after them
4516                 if ($line =~ /^.\s*(?:case\s*.*|default\s*):/g &&
4517                     $line !~ /\G(?:
4518                         (?:\s*$;*)(?:\s*{)?(?:\s*$;*)(?:\s*\\)?\s*$|
4519                         \s*return\s+
4520                     )/xg)
4521                 {
4522                         ERROR("TRAILING_STATEMENTS",
4523                               "trailing statements should be on next line\n" . $herecurr);
4524                 }
4525
4526                 # Check for }<nl>else {, these must be at the same
4527                 # indent level to be relevant to each other.
4528                 if ($prevline=~/}\s*$/ and $line=~/^.\s*else\s*/ &&
4529                     $previndent == $indent) {
4530                         if (ERROR("ELSE_AFTER_BRACE",
4531                                   "else should follow close brace '}'\n" . $hereprev) &&
4532                             $fix && $prevline =~ /^\+/ && $line =~ /^\+/) {
4533                                 fix_delete_line($fixlinenr - 1, $prevrawline);
4534                                 fix_delete_line($fixlinenr, $rawline);
4535                                 my $fixedline = $prevrawline;
4536                                 $fixedline =~ s/}\s*$//;
4537                                 if ($fixedline !~ /^\+\s*$/) {
4538                                         fix_insert_line($fixlinenr, $fixedline);
4539                                 }
4540                                 $fixedline = $rawline;
4541                                 $fixedline =~ s/^(.\s*)else/$1} else/;
4542                                 fix_insert_line($fixlinenr, $fixedline);
4543                         }
4544                 }
4545
4546                 if ($prevline=~/}\s*$/ and $line=~/^.\s*while\s*/ &&
4547                     $previndent == $indent) {
4548                         my ($s, $c) = ctx_statement_block($linenr, $realcnt, 0);
4549
4550                         # Find out what is on the end of the line after the
4551                         # conditional.
4552                         substr($s, 0, length($c), '');
4553                         $s =~ s/\n.*//g;
4554
4555                         if ($s =~ /^\s*;/) {
4556                                 if (ERROR("WHILE_AFTER_BRACE",
4557                                           "while should follow close brace '}'\n" . $hereprev) &&
4558                                     $fix && $prevline =~ /^\+/ && $line =~ /^\+/) {
4559                                         fix_delete_line($fixlinenr - 1, $prevrawline);
4560                                         fix_delete_line($fixlinenr, $rawline);
4561                                         my $fixedline = $prevrawline;
4562                                         my $trailing = $rawline;
4563                                         $trailing =~ s/^\+//;
4564                                         $trailing = trim($trailing);
4565                                         $fixedline =~ s/}\s*$/} $trailing/;
4566                                         fix_insert_line($fixlinenr, $fixedline);
4567                                 }
4568                         }
4569                 }
4570
4571 #Specific variable tests
4572                 while ($line =~ m{($Constant|$Lval)}g) {
4573                         my $var = $1;
4574
4575 #gcc binary extension
4576                         if ($var =~ /^$Binary$/) {
4577                                 if (WARN("GCC_BINARY_CONSTANT",
4578                                          "Avoid gcc v4.3+ binary constant extension: <$var>\n" . $herecurr) &&
4579                                     $fix) {
4580                                         my $hexval = sprintf("0x%x", oct($var));
4581                                         $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~
4582                                             s/\b$var\b/$hexval/;
4583                                 }
4584                         }
4585
4586 #CamelCase
4587                         if ($var !~ /^$Constant$/ &&
4588                             $var =~ /[A-Z][a-z]|[a-z][A-Z]/ &&
4589 #Ignore Page<foo> variants
4590                             $var !~ /^(?:Clear|Set|TestClear|TestSet|)Page[A-Z]/ &&
4591 #Ignore SI style variants like nS, mV and dB (ie: max_uV, regulator_min_uA_show)
4592                             $var !~ /^(?:[a-z_]*?)_?[a-z][A-Z](?:_[a-z_]+)?$/ &&
4593 #Ignore some three character SI units explicitly, like MiB and KHz
4594                             $var !~ /^(?:[a-z_]*?)_?(?:[KMGT]iB|[KMGT]?Hz)(?:_[a-z_]+)?$/) {
4595                                 while ($var =~ m{($Ident)}g) {
4596                                         my $word = $1;
4597                                         next if ($word !~ /[A-Z][a-z]|[a-z][A-Z]/);
4598                                         if ($check) {
4599                                                 seed_camelcase_includes();
4600                                                 if (!$file && !$camelcase_file_seeded) {
4601                                                         seed_camelcase_file($realfile);
4602                                                         $camelcase_file_seeded = 1;
4603                                                 }
4604                                         }
4605                                         if (!defined $camelcase{$word}) {
4606                                                 $camelcase{$word} = 1;
4607                                                 CHK("CAMELCASE",
4608                                                     "Avoid CamelCase: <$word>\n" . $herecurr);
4609                                         }
4610                                 }
4611                         }
4612                 }
4613
4614 #no spaces allowed after \ in define
4615                 if ($line =~ /\#\s*define.*\\\s+$/) {
4616                         if (WARN("WHITESPACE_AFTER_LINE_CONTINUATION",
4617                                  "Whitespace after \\ makes next lines useless\n" . $herecurr) &&
4618                             $fix) {
4619                                 $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/\s+$//;
4620                         }
4621                 }
4622
4623 # warn if <asm/foo.h> is #included and <linux/foo.h> is available and includes
4624 # itself <asm/foo.h> (uses RAW line)
4625                 if ($tree && $rawline =~ m{^.\s*\#\s*include\s*\<asm\/(.*)\.h\>}) {
4626                         my $file = "$1.h";
4627                         my $checkfile = "include/linux/$file";
4628                         if (-f "$root/$checkfile" &&
4629                             $realfile ne $checkfile &&
4630                             $1 !~ /$allowed_asm_includes/)
4631                         {
4632                                 my $asminclude = `grep -Ec "#include\\s+<asm/$file>" $root/$checkfile`;
4633                                 if ($asminclude > 0) {
4634                                         if ($realfile =~ m{^arch/}) {
4635                                                 CHK("ARCH_INCLUDE_LINUX",
4636                                                     "Consider using #include <linux/$file> instead of <asm/$file>\n" . $herecurr);
4637                                         } else {
4638                                                 WARN("INCLUDE_LINUX",
4639                                                      "Use #include <linux/$file> instead of <asm/$file>\n" . $herecurr);
4640                                         }
4641                                 }
4642                         }
4643                 }
4644
4645 # multi-statement macros should be enclosed in a do while loop, grab the
4646 # first statement and ensure its the whole macro if its not enclosed
4647 # in a known good container
4648                 if ($realfile !~ m@/vmlinux.lds.h$@ &&
4649                     $line =~ /^.\s*\#\s*define\s*$Ident(\()?/) {
4650                         my $ln = $linenr;
4651                         my $cnt = $realcnt;
4652                         my ($off, $dstat, $dcond, $rest);
4653                         my $ctx = '';
4654                         my $has_flow_statement = 0;
4655                         my $has_arg_concat = 0;
4656                         ($dstat, $dcond, $ln, $cnt, $off) =
4657                                 ctx_statement_block($linenr, $realcnt, 0);
4658                         $ctx = $dstat;
4659                         #print "dstat<$dstat> dcond<$dcond> cnt<$cnt> off<$off>\n";
4660                         #print "LINE<$lines[$ln-1]> len<" . length($lines[$ln-1]) . "\n";
4661
4662                         $has_flow_statement = 1 if ($ctx =~ /\b(goto|return)\b/);
4663                         $has_arg_concat = 1 if ($ctx =~ /\#\#/ && $ctx !~ /\#\#\s*(?:__VA_ARGS__|args)\b/);
4664
4665                         $dstat =~ s/^.\s*\#\s*define\s+$Ident(?:\([^\)]*\))?\s*//;
4666                         $dstat =~ s/$;//g;
4667                         $dstat =~ s/\\\n.//g;
4668                         $dstat =~ s/^\s*//s;
4669                         $dstat =~ s/\s*$//s;
4670
4671                         # Flatten any parentheses and braces
4672                         while ($dstat =~ s/\([^\(\)]*\)/1/ ||
4673                                $dstat =~ s/\{[^\{\}]*\}/1/ ||
4674                                $dstat =~ s/.\[[^\[\]]*\]/1/)
4675                         {
4676                         }
4677
4678                         # Flatten any obvious string concatentation.
4679                         while ($dstat =~ s/($String)\s*$Ident/$1/ ||
4680                                $dstat =~ s/$Ident\s*($String)/$1/)
4681                         {
4682                         }
4683
4684                         # Make asm volatile uses seem like a generic function
4685                         $dstat =~ s/\b_*asm_*\s+_*volatile_*\b/asm_volatile/g;
4686
4687                         my $exceptions = qr{
4688                                 $Declare|
4689                                 module_param_named|
4690                                 MODULE_PARM_DESC|
4691                                 DECLARE_PER_CPU|
4692                                 DEFINE_PER_CPU|
4693                                 __typeof__\(|
4694                                 union|
4695                                 struct|
4696                                 \.$Ident\s*=\s*|
4697                                 ^\"|\"$|
4698                                 ^\[
4699                         }x;
4700                         #print "REST<$rest> dstat<$dstat> ctx<$ctx>\n";
4701                         if ($dstat ne '' &&
4702                             $dstat !~ /^(?:$Ident|-?$Constant),$/ &&                    # 10, // foo(),
4703                             $dstat !~ /^(?:$Ident|-?$Constant);$/ &&                    # foo();
4704                             $dstat !~ /^[!~-]?(?:$Lval|$Constant)$/ &&          # 10 // foo() // !foo // ~foo // -foo // foo->bar // foo.bar->baz
4705                             $dstat !~ /^'X'$/ && $dstat !~ /^'XX'$/ &&                  # character constants
4706                             $dstat !~ /$exceptions/ &&
4707                             $dstat !~ /^\.$Ident\s*=/ &&                                # .foo =
4708                             $dstat !~ /^(?:\#\s*$Ident|\#\s*$Constant)\s*$/ &&          # stringification #foo
4709                             $dstat !~ /^do\s*$Constant\s*while\s*$Constant;?$/ &&       # do {...} while (...); // do {...} while (...)
4710                             $dstat !~ /^for\s*$Constant$/ &&                            # for (...)
4711                             $dstat !~ /^for\s*$Constant\s+(?:$Ident|-?$Constant)$/ &&   # for (...) bar()
4712                             $dstat !~ /^do\s*{/ &&                                      # do {...
4713                             $dstat !~ /^\(\{/ &&                                                # ({...
4714                             $ctx !~ /^.\s*#\s*define\s+TRACE_(?:SYSTEM|INCLUDE_FILE|INCLUDE_PATH)\b/)
4715                         {
4716                                 $ctx =~ s/\n*$//;
4717                                 my $herectx = $here . "\n";
4718                                 my $cnt = statement_rawlines($ctx);
4719
4720                                 for (my $n = 0; $n < $cnt; $n++) {
4721                                         $herectx .= raw_line($linenr, $n) . "\n";
4722                                 }
4723
4724                                 if ($dstat =~ /;/) {
4725                                         ERROR("MULTISTATEMENT_MACRO_USE_DO_WHILE",
4726                                               "Macros with multiple statements should be enclosed in a do - while loop\n" . "$herectx");
4727                                 } else {
4728                                         ERROR("COMPLEX_MACRO",
4729                                               "Macros with complex values should be enclosed in parentheses\n" . "$herectx");
4730                                 }
4731                         }
4732
4733 # check for macros with flow control, but without ## concatenation
4734 # ## concatenation is commonly a macro that defines a function so ignore those
4735                         if ($has_flow_statement && !$has_arg_concat) {
4736                                 my $herectx = $here . "\n";
4737                                 my $cnt = statement_rawlines($ctx);
4738
4739                                 for (my $n = 0; $n < $cnt; $n++) {
4740                                         $herectx .= raw_line($linenr, $n) . "\n";
4741                                 }
4742                                 WARN("MACRO_WITH_FLOW_CONTROL",
4743                                      "Macros with flow control statements should be avoided\n" . "$herectx");
4744                         }
4745
4746 # check for line continuations outside of #defines, preprocessor #, and asm
4747
4748                 } else {
4749                         if ($prevline !~ /^..*\\$/ &&
4750                             $line !~ /^\+\s*\#.*\\$/ &&         # preprocessor
4751                             $line !~ /^\+.*\b(__asm__|asm)\b.*\\$/ &&   # asm
4752                             $line =~ /^\+.*\\$/) {
4753                                 WARN("LINE_CONTINUATIONS",
4754                                      "Avoid unnecessary line continuations\n" . $herecurr);
4755                         }
4756                 }
4757
4758 # do {} while (0) macro tests:
4759 # single-statement macros do not need to be enclosed in do while (0) loop,
4760 # macro should not end with a semicolon
4761                 if ($^V && $^V ge 5.10.0 &&
4762                     $realfile !~ m@/vmlinux.lds.h$@ &&
4763                     $line =~ /^.\s*\#\s*define\s+$Ident(\()?/) {
4764                         my $ln = $linenr;
4765                         my $cnt = $realcnt;
4766                         my ($off, $dstat, $dcond, $rest);
4767                         my $ctx = '';
4768                         ($dstat, $dcond, $ln, $cnt, $off) =
4769                                 ctx_statement_block($linenr, $realcnt, 0);
4770                         $ctx = $dstat;
4771
4772                         $dstat =~ s/\\\n.//g;
4773                         $dstat =~ s/$;/ /g;
4774
4775                         if ($dstat =~ /^\+\s*#\s*define\s+$Ident\s*${balanced_parens}\s*do\s*{(.*)\s*}\s*while\s*\(\s*0\s*\)\s*([;\s]*)\s*$/) {
4776                                 my $stmts = $2;
4777                                 my $semis = $3;
4778
4779                                 $ctx =~ s/\n*$//;
4780                                 my $cnt = statement_rawlines($ctx);
4781                                 my $herectx = $here . "\n";
4782
4783                                 for (my $n = 0; $n < $cnt; $n++) {
4784                                         $herectx .= raw_line($linenr, $n) . "\n";
4785                                 }
4786
4787                                 if (($stmts =~ tr/;/;/) == 1 &&
4788                                     $stmts !~ /^\s*(if|while|for|switch)\b/) {
4789                                         WARN("SINGLE_STATEMENT_DO_WHILE_MACRO",
4790                                              "Single statement macros should not use a do {} while (0) loop\n" . "$herectx");
4791                                 }
4792                                 if (defined $semis && $semis ne "") {
4793                                         WARN("DO_WHILE_MACRO_WITH_TRAILING_SEMICOLON",
4794                                              "do {} while (0) macros should not be semicolon terminated\n" . "$herectx");
4795                                 }
4796                         } elsif ($dstat =~ /^\+\s*#\s*define\s+$Ident.*;\s*$/) {
4797                                 $ctx =~ s/\n*$//;
4798                                 my $cnt = statement_rawlines($ctx);
4799                                 my $herectx = $here . "\n";
4800
4801                                 for (my $n = 0; $n < $cnt; $n++) {
4802                                         $herectx .= raw_line($linenr, $n) . "\n";
4803                                 }
4804
4805                                 WARN("TRAILING_SEMICOLON",
4806                                      "macros should not use a trailing semicolon\n" . "$herectx");
4807                         }
4808                 }
4809
4810 # make sure symbols are always wrapped with VMLINUX_SYMBOL() ...
4811 # all assignments may have only one of the following with an assignment:
4812 #       .
4813 #       ALIGN(...)
4814 #       VMLINUX_SYMBOL(...)
4815                 if ($realfile eq 'vmlinux.lds.h' && $line =~ /(?:(?:^|\s)$Ident\s*=|=\s*$Ident(?:\s|$))/) {
4816                         WARN("MISSING_VMLINUX_SYMBOL",
4817                              "vmlinux.lds.h needs VMLINUX_SYMBOL() around C-visible symbols\n" . $herecurr);
4818                 }
4819
4820 # check for redundant bracing round if etc
4821                 if ($line =~ /(^.*)\bif\b/ && $1 !~ /else\s*$/) {
4822                         my ($level, $endln, @chunks) =
4823                                 ctx_statement_full($linenr, $realcnt, 1);
4824                         #print "chunks<$#chunks> linenr<$linenr> endln<$endln> level<$level>\n";
4825                         #print "APW: <<$chunks[1][0]>><<$chunks[1][1]>>\n";
4826                         if ($#chunks > 0 && $level == 0) {
4827                                 my @allowed = ();
4828                                 my $allow = 0;
4829                                 my $seen = 0;
4830                                 my $herectx = $here . "\n";
4831                                 my $ln = $linenr - 1;
4832                                 for my $chunk (@chunks) {
4833                                         my ($cond, $block) = @{$chunk};
4834
4835                                         # If the condition carries leading newlines, then count those as offsets.
4836                                         my ($whitespace) = ($cond =~ /^((?:\s*\n[+-])*\s*)/s);
4837                                         my $offset = statement_rawlines($whitespace) - 1;
4838
4839                                         $allowed[$allow] = 0;
4840                                         #print "COND<$cond> whitespace<$whitespace> offset<$offset>\n";
4841
4842                                         # We have looked at and allowed this specific line.
4843                                         $suppress_ifbraces{$ln + $offset} = 1;
4844
4845                                         $herectx .= "$rawlines[$ln + $offset]\n[...]\n";
4846                                         $ln += statement_rawlines($block) - 1;
4847
4848                                         substr($block, 0, length($cond), '');
4849
4850                                         $seen++ if ($block =~ /^\s*{/);
4851
4852                                         #print "cond<$cond> block<$block> allowed<$allowed[$allow]>\n";
4853                                         if (statement_lines($cond) > 1) {
4854                                                 #print "APW: ALLOWED: cond<$cond>\n";
4855                                                 $allowed[$allow] = 1;
4856                                         }
4857                                         if ($block =~/\b(?:if|for|while)\b/) {
4858                                                 #print "APW: ALLOWED: block<$block>\n";
4859                                                 $allowed[$allow] = 1;
4860                                         }
4861                                         if (statement_block_size($block) > 1) {
4862                                                 #print "APW: ALLOWED: lines block<$block>\n";
4863                                                 $allowed[$allow] = 1;
4864                                         }
4865                                         $allow++;
4866                                 }
4867                                 if ($seen) {
4868                                         my $sum_allowed = 0;
4869                                         foreach (@allowed) {
4870                                                 $sum_allowed += $_;
4871                                         }
4872                                         if ($sum_allowed == 0) {
4873                                                 WARN("BRACES",
4874                                                      "braces {} are not necessary for any arm of this statement\n" . $herectx);
4875                                         } elsif ($sum_allowed != $allow &&
4876                                                  $seen != $allow) {
4877                                                 CHK("BRACES",
4878                                                     "braces {} should be used on all arms of this statement\n" . $herectx);
4879                                         }
4880                                 }
4881                         }
4882                 }
4883                 if (!defined $suppress_ifbraces{$linenr - 1} &&
4884                                         $line =~ /\b(if|while|for|else)\b/) {
4885                         my $allowed = 0;
4886
4887                         # Check the pre-context.
4888                         if (substr($line, 0, $-[0]) =~ /(\}\s*)$/) {
4889                                 #print "APW: ALLOWED: pre<$1>\n";
4890                                 $allowed = 1;
4891                         }
4892
4893                         my ($level, $endln, @chunks) =
4894                                 ctx_statement_full($linenr, $realcnt, $-[0]);
4895
4896                         # Check the condition.
4897                         my ($cond, $block) = @{$chunks[0]};
4898                         #print "CHECKING<$linenr> cond<$cond> block<$block>\n";
4899                         if (defined $cond) {
4900                                 substr($block, 0, length($cond), '');
4901                         }
4902                         if (statement_lines($cond) > 1) {
4903                                 #print "APW: ALLOWED: cond<$cond>\n";
4904                                 $allowed = 1;
4905                         }
4906                         if ($block =~/\b(?:if|for|while)\b/) {
4907                                 #print "APW: ALLOWED: block<$block>\n";
4908                                 $allowed = 1;
4909                         }
4910                         if (statement_block_size($block) > 1) {
4911                                 #print "APW: ALLOWED: lines block<$block>\n";
4912                                 $allowed = 1;
4913                         }
4914                         # Check the post-context.
4915                         if (defined $chunks[1]) {
4916                                 my ($cond, $block) = @{$chunks[1]};
4917                                 if (defined $cond) {
4918                                         substr($block, 0, length($cond), '');
4919                                 }
4920                                 if ($block =~ /^\s*\{/) {
4921                                         #print "APW: ALLOWED: chunk-1 block<$block>\n";
4922                                         $allowed = 1;
4923                                 }
4924                         }
4925                         if ($level == 0 && $block =~ /^\s*\{/ && !$allowed) {
4926                                 my $herectx = $here . "\n";
4927                                 my $cnt = statement_rawlines($block);
4928
4929                                 for (my $n = 0; $n < $cnt; $n++) {
4930                                         $herectx .= raw_line($linenr, $n) . "\n";
4931                                 }
4932
4933                                 WARN("BRACES",
4934                                      "braces {} are not necessary for single statement blocks\n" . $herectx);
4935                         }
4936                 }
4937
4938 # check for unnecessary blank lines around braces
4939                 if (($line =~ /^.\s*}\s*$/ && $prevrawline =~ /^.\s*$/)) {
4940                         if (CHK("BRACES",
4941                                 "Blank lines aren't necessary before a close brace '}'\n" . $hereprev) &&
4942                             $fix && $prevrawline =~ /^\+/) {
4943                                 fix_delete_line($fixlinenr - 1, $prevrawline);
4944                         }
4945                 }
4946                 if (($rawline =~ /^.\s*$/ && $prevline =~ /^..*{\s*$/)) {
4947                         if (CHK("BRACES",
4948                                 "Blank lines aren't necessary after an open brace '{'\n" . $hereprev) &&
4949                             $fix) {
4950                                 fix_delete_line($fixlinenr, $rawline);
4951                         }
4952                 }
4953
4954 # no volatiles please
4955                 my $asm_volatile = qr{\b(__asm__|asm)\s+(__volatile__|volatile)\b};
4956                 if ($line =~ /\bvolatile\b/ && $line !~ /$asm_volatile/) {
4957                         WARN("VOLATILE",
4958                              "Use of volatile is usually wrong: see Documentation/volatile-considered-harmful.txt\n" . $herecurr);
4959                 }
4960
4961 # Check for user-visible strings broken across lines, which breaks the ability
4962 # to grep for the string.  Make exceptions when the previous string ends in a
4963 # newline (multiple lines in one string constant) or '\t', '\r', ';', or '{'
4964 # (common in inline assembly) or is a octal \123 or hexadecimal \xaf value
4965                 if ($line =~ /^\+\s*$String/ &&
4966                     $prevline =~ /"\s*$/ &&
4967                     $prevrawline !~ /(?:\\(?:[ntr]|[0-7]{1,3}|x[0-9a-fA-F]{1,2})|;\s*|\{\s*)"\s*$/) {
4968                         if (WARN("SPLIT_STRING",
4969                                  "quoted string split across lines\n" . $hereprev) &&
4970                                      $fix &&
4971                                      $prevrawline =~ /^\+.*"\s*$/ &&
4972                                      $last_coalesced_string_linenr != $linenr - 1) {
4973                                 my $extracted_string = get_quoted_string($line, $rawline);
4974                                 my $comma_close = "";
4975                                 if ($rawline =~ /\Q$extracted_string\E(\s*\)\s*;\s*$|\s*,\s*)/) {
4976                                         $comma_close = $1;
4977                                 }
4978
4979                                 fix_delete_line($fixlinenr - 1, $prevrawline);
4980                                 fix_delete_line($fixlinenr, $rawline);
4981                                 my $fixedline = $prevrawline;
4982                                 $fixedline =~ s/"\s*$//;
4983                                 $fixedline .= substr($extracted_string, 1) . trim($comma_close);
4984                                 fix_insert_line($fixlinenr - 1, $fixedline);
4985                                 $fixedline = $rawline;
4986                                 $fixedline =~ s/\Q$extracted_string\E\Q$comma_close\E//;
4987                                 if ($fixedline !~ /\+\s*$/) {
4988                                         fix_insert_line($fixlinenr, $fixedline);
4989                                 }
4990                                 $last_coalesced_string_linenr = $linenr;
4991                         }
4992                 }
4993
4994 # check for missing a space in a string concatenation
4995                 if ($prevrawline =~ /[^\\]\w"$/ && $rawline =~ /^\+[\t ]+"\w/) {
4996                         WARN('MISSING_SPACE',
4997                              "break quoted strings at a space character\n" . $hereprev);
4998                 }
4999
5000 # check for spaces before a quoted newline
5001                 if ($rawline =~ /^.*\".*\s\\n/) {
5002                         if (WARN("QUOTED_WHITESPACE_BEFORE_NEWLINE",
5003                                  "unnecessary whitespace before a quoted newline\n" . $herecurr) &&
5004                             $fix) {
5005                                 $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/^(\+.*\".*)\s+\\n/$1\\n/;
5006                         }
5007
5008                 }
5009
5010 # concatenated string without spaces between elements
5011                 if ($line =~ /$String[A-Z_]/ || $line =~ /[A-Za-z0-9_]$String/) {
5012                         CHK("CONCATENATED_STRING",
5013                             "Concatenated strings should use spaces between elements\n" . $herecurr);
5014                 }
5015
5016 # uncoalesced string fragments
5017                 if ($line =~ /$String\s*"/) {
5018                         WARN("STRING_FRAGMENTS",
5019                              "Consecutive strings are generally better as a single string\n" . $herecurr);
5020                 }
5021
5022 # check for %L{u,d,i} and 0x%[udi] in strings
5023                 my $string;
5024                 while ($line =~ /(?:^|")([X\t]*)(?:"|$)/g) {
5025                         $string = substr($rawline, $-[1], $+[1] - $-[1]);
5026                         $string =~ s/%%/__/g;
5027                         if ($string =~ /(?<!%)%[\*\d\.\$]*L[udi]/) {
5028                                 WARN("PRINTF_L",
5029                                      "\%Ld/%Lu are not-standard C, use %lld/%llu\n" . $herecurr);
5030                                 last;
5031                         }
5032                         if ($string =~ /0x%[\*\d\.\$\Llzth]*[udi]/) {
5033                                 ERROR("PRINTF_0xDECIMAL",
5034                                       "Prefixing 0x with decimal output is defective\n" . $herecurr);
5035                         }
5036                 }
5037
5038 # check for line continuations in quoted strings with odd counts of "
5039                 if ($rawline =~ /\\$/ && $rawline =~ tr/"/"/ % 2) {
5040                         WARN("LINE_CONTINUATIONS",
5041                              "Avoid line continuations in quoted strings\n" . $herecurr);
5042                 }
5043
5044 # warn about #if 0
5045                 if ($line =~ /^.\s*\#\s*if\s+0\b/) {
5046                         CHK("REDUNDANT_CODE",
5047                             "if this code is redundant consider removing it\n" .
5048                                 $herecurr);
5049                 }
5050
5051 # check for needless "if (<foo>) fn(<foo>)" uses
5052                 if ($prevline =~ /\bif\s*\(\s*($Lval)\s*\)/) {
5053                         my $tested = quotemeta($1);
5054                         my $expr = '\s*\(\s*' . $tested . '\s*\)\s*;';
5055                         if ($line =~ /\b(kfree|usb_free_urb|debugfs_remove(?:_recursive)?|(?:kmem_cache|mempool|dma_pool)_destroy)$expr/) {
5056                                 my $func = $1;
5057                                 if (WARN('NEEDLESS_IF',
5058                                          "$func(NULL) is safe and this check is probably not required\n" . $hereprev) &&
5059                                     $fix) {
5060                                         my $do_fix = 1;
5061                                         my $leading_tabs = "";
5062                                         my $new_leading_tabs = "";
5063                                         if ($lines[$linenr - 2] =~ /^\+(\t*)if\s*\(\s*$tested\s*\)\s*$/) {
5064                                                 $leading_tabs = $1;
5065                                         } else {
5066                                                 $do_fix = 0;
5067                                         }
5068                                         if ($lines[$linenr - 1] =~ /^\+(\t+)$func\s*\(\s*$tested\s*\)\s*;\s*$/) {
5069                                                 $new_leading_tabs = $1;
5070                                                 if (length($leading_tabs) + 1 ne length($new_leading_tabs)) {
5071                                                         $do_fix = 0;
5072                                                 }
5073                                         } else {
5074                                                 $do_fix = 0;
5075                                         }
5076                                         if ($do_fix) {
5077                                                 fix_delete_line($fixlinenr - 1, $prevrawline);
5078                                                 $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/^\+$new_leading_tabs/\+$leading_tabs/;
5079                                         }
5080                                 }
5081                         }
5082                 }
5083
5084 # check for unnecessary "Out of Memory" messages
5085                 if ($line =~ /^\+.*\b$logFunctions\s*\(/ &&
5086                     $prevline =~ /^[ \+]\s*if\s*\(\s*(\!\s*|NULL\s*==\s*)?($Lval)(\s*==\s*NULL\s*)?\s*\)/ &&
5087                     (defined $1 || defined $3) &&
5088                     $linenr > 3) {
5089                         my $testval = $2;
5090                         my $testline = $lines[$linenr - 3];
5091
5092                         my ($s, $c) = ctx_statement_block($linenr - 3, $realcnt, 0);
5093 #                       print("line: <$line>\nprevline: <$prevline>\ns: <$s>\nc: <$c>\n\n\n");
5094
5095                         if ($c =~ /(?:^|\n)[ \+]\s*(?:$Type\s*)?\Q$testval\E\s*=\s*(?:\([^\)]*\)\s*)?\s*(?:devm_)?(?:[kv][czm]alloc(?:_node|_array)?\b|kstrdup|(?:dev_)?alloc_skb)/) {
5096                                 WARN("OOM_MESSAGE",
5097                                      "Possible unnecessary 'out of memory' message\n" . $hereprev);
5098                         }
5099                 }
5100
5101 # check for logging functions with KERN_<LEVEL>
5102                 if ($line !~ /printk(?:_ratelimited|_once)?\s*\(/ &&
5103                     $line =~ /\b$logFunctions\s*\(.*\b(KERN_[A-Z]+)\b/) {
5104                         my $level = $1;
5105                         if (WARN("UNNECESSARY_KERN_LEVEL",
5106                                  "Possible unnecessary $level\n" . $herecurr) &&
5107                             $fix) {
5108                                 $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/\s*$level\s*//;
5109                         }
5110                 }
5111
5112 # check for mask then right shift without a parentheses
5113                 if ($^V && $^V ge 5.10.0 &&
5114                     $line =~ /$LvalOrFunc\s*\&\s*($LvalOrFunc)\s*>>/ &&
5115                     $4 !~ /^\&/) { # $LvalOrFunc may be &foo, ignore if so
5116                         WARN("MASK_THEN_SHIFT",
5117                              "Possible precedence defect with mask then right shift - may need parentheses\n" . $herecurr);
5118                 }
5119
5120 # check for pointer comparisons to NULL
5121                 if ($^V && $^V ge 5.10.0) {
5122                         while ($line =~ /\b$LvalOrFunc\s*(==|\!=)\s*NULL\b/g) {
5123                                 my $val = $1;
5124                                 my $equal = "!";
5125                                 $equal = "" if ($4 eq "!=");
5126                                 if (CHK("COMPARISON_TO_NULL",
5127                                         "Comparison to NULL could be written \"${equal}${val}\"\n" . $herecurr) &&
5128                                             $fix) {
5129                                         $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/\b\Q$val\E\s*(?:==|\!=)\s*NULL\b/$equal$val/;
5130                                 }
5131                         }
5132                 }
5133
5134 # check for bad placement of section $InitAttribute (e.g.: __initdata)
5135                 if ($line =~ /(\b$InitAttribute\b)/) {
5136                         my $attr = $1;
5137                         if ($line =~ /^\+\s*static\s+(?:const\s+)?(?:$attr\s+)?($NonptrTypeWithAttr)\s+(?:$attr\s+)?($Ident(?:\[[^]]*\])?)\s*[=;]/) {
5138                                 my $ptr = $1;
5139                                 my $var = $2;
5140                                 if ((($ptr =~ /\b(union|struct)\s+$attr\b/ &&
5141                                       ERROR("MISPLACED_INIT",
5142                                             "$attr should be placed after $var\n" . $herecurr)) ||
5143                                      ($ptr !~ /\b(union|struct)\s+$attr\b/ &&
5144                                       WARN("MISPLACED_INIT",
5145                                            "$attr should be placed after $var\n" . $herecurr))) &&
5146                                     $fix) {
5147                                         $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/(\bstatic\s+(?:const\s+)?)(?:$attr\s+)?($NonptrTypeWithAttr)\s+(?:$attr\s+)?($Ident(?:\[[^]]*\])?)\s*([=;])\s*/"$1" . trim(string_find_replace($2, "\\s*$attr\\s*", " ")) . " " . trim(string_find_replace($3, "\\s*$attr\\s*", "")) . " $attr" . ("$4" eq ";" ? ";" : " = ")/e;
5148                                 }
5149                         }
5150                 }
5151
5152 # check for $InitAttributeData (ie: __initdata) with const
5153                 if ($line =~ /\bconst\b/ && $line =~ /($InitAttributeData)/) {
5154                         my $attr = $1;
5155                         $attr =~ /($InitAttributePrefix)(.*)/;
5156                         my $attr_prefix = $1;
5157                         my $attr_type = $2;
5158                         if (ERROR("INIT_ATTRIBUTE",
5159                                   "Use of const init definition must use ${attr_prefix}initconst\n" . $herecurr) &&
5160                             $fix) {
5161                                 $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~
5162                                     s/$InitAttributeData/${attr_prefix}initconst/;
5163                         }
5164                 }
5165
5166 # check for $InitAttributeConst (ie: __initconst) without const
5167                 if ($line !~ /\bconst\b/ && $line =~ /($InitAttributeConst)/) {
5168                         my $attr = $1;
5169                         if (ERROR("INIT_ATTRIBUTE",
5170                                   "Use of $attr requires a separate use of const\n" . $herecurr) &&
5171                             $fix) {
5172                                 my $lead = $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~
5173                                     /(^\+\s*(?:static\s+))/;
5174                                 $lead = rtrim($1);
5175                                 $lead = "$lead " if ($lead !~ /^\+$/);
5176                                 $lead = "${lead}const ";
5177                                 $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/(^\+\s*(?:static\s+))/$lead/;
5178                         }
5179                 }
5180
5181 # check for __read_mostly with const non-pointer (should just be const)
5182                 if ($line =~ /\b__read_mostly\b/ &&
5183                     $line =~ /($Type)\s*$Ident/ && $1 !~ /\*\s*$/ && $1 =~ /\bconst\b/) {
5184                         if (ERROR("CONST_READ_MOSTLY",
5185                                   "Invalid use of __read_mostly with const type\n" . $herecurr) &&
5186                             $fix) {
5187                                 $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/\s+__read_mostly\b//;
5188                         }
5189                 }
5190
5191 # don't use __constant_<foo> functions outside of include/uapi/
5192                 if ($realfile !~ m@^include/uapi/@ &&
5193                     $line =~ /(__constant_(?:htons|ntohs|[bl]e(?:16|32|64)_to_cpu|cpu_to_[bl]e(?:16|32|64)))\s*\(/) {
5194                         my $constant_func = $1;
5195                         my $func = $constant_func;
5196                         $func =~ s/^__constant_//;
5197                         if (WARN("CONSTANT_CONVERSION",
5198                                  "$constant_func should be $func\n" . $herecurr) &&
5199                             $fix) {
5200                                 $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/\b$constant_func\b/$func/g;
5201                         }
5202                 }
5203
5204 # prefer usleep_range over udelay
5205                 if ($line =~ /\budelay\s*\(\s*(\d+)\s*\)/) {
5206                         my $delay = $1;
5207                         # ignore udelay's < 10, however
5208                         if (! ($delay < 10) ) {
5209                                 CHK("USLEEP_RANGE",
5210                                     "usleep_range is preferred over udelay; see Documentation/timers/timers-howto.txt\n" . $herecurr);
5211                         }
5212                         if ($delay > 2000) {
5213                                 WARN("LONG_UDELAY",
5214                                      "long udelay - prefer mdelay; see arch/arm/include/asm/delay.h\n" . $herecurr);
5215                         }
5216                 }
5217
5218 # warn about unexpectedly long msleep's
5219                 if ($line =~ /\bmsleep\s*\((\d+)\);/) {
5220                         if ($1 < 20) {
5221                                 WARN("MSLEEP",
5222                                      "msleep < 20ms can sleep for up to 20ms; see Documentation/timers/timers-howto.txt\n" . $herecurr);
5223                         }
5224                 }
5225
5226 # check for comparisons of jiffies
5227                 if ($line =~ /\bjiffies\s*$Compare|$Compare\s*jiffies\b/) {
5228                         WARN("JIFFIES_COMPARISON",
5229                              "Comparing jiffies is almost always wrong; prefer time_after, time_before and friends\n" . $herecurr);
5230                 }
5231
5232 # check for comparisons of get_jiffies_64()
5233                 if ($line =~ /\bget_jiffies_64\s*\(\s*\)\s*$Compare|$Compare\s*get_jiffies_64\s*\(\s*\)/) {
5234                         WARN("JIFFIES_COMPARISON",
5235                              "Comparing get_jiffies_64() is almost always wrong; prefer time_after64, time_before64 and friends\n" . $herecurr);
5236                 }
5237
5238 # warn about #ifdefs in C files
5239 #               if ($line =~ /^.\s*\#\s*if(|n)def/ && ($realfile =~ /\.c$/)) {
5240 #                       print "#ifdef in C files should be avoided\n";
5241 #                       print "$herecurr";
5242 #                       $clean = 0;
5243 #               }
5244
5245 # warn about spacing in #ifdefs
5246                 if ($line =~ /^.\s*\#\s*(ifdef|ifndef|elif)\s\s+/) {
5247                         if (ERROR("SPACING",
5248                                   "exactly one space required after that #$1\n" . $herecurr) &&
5249                             $fix) {
5250                                 $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~
5251                                     s/^(.\s*\#\s*(ifdef|ifndef|elif))\s{2,}/$1 /;
5252                         }
5253
5254                 }
5255
5256 # check for spinlock_t definitions without a comment.
5257                 if ($line =~ /^.\s*(struct\s+mutex|spinlock_t)\s+\S+;/ ||
5258                     $line =~ /^.\s*(DEFINE_MUTEX)\s*\(/) {
5259                         my $which = $1;
5260                         if (!ctx_has_comment($first_line, $linenr)) {
5261                                 CHK("UNCOMMENTED_DEFINITION",
5262                                     "$1 definition without comment\n" . $herecurr);
5263                         }
5264                 }
5265 # check for memory barriers without a comment.
5266
5267                 my $barriers = qr{
5268                         mb|
5269                         rmb|
5270                         wmb|
5271                         read_barrier_depends
5272                 }x;
5273                 my $barrier_stems = qr{
5274                         mb__before_atomic|
5275                         mb__after_atomic|
5276                         store_release|
5277                         load_acquire|
5278                         store_mb|
5279                         (?:$barriers)
5280                 }x;
5281                 my $all_barriers = qr{
5282                         (?:$barriers)|
5283                         smp_(?:$barrier_stems)|
5284                         virt_(?:$barrier_stems)
5285                 }x;
5286
5287                 if ($line =~ /\b(?:$all_barriers)\s*\(/) {
5288                         if (!ctx_has_comment($first_line, $linenr)) {
5289                                 WARN("MEMORY_BARRIER",
5290                                      "memory barrier without comment\n" . $herecurr);
5291                         }
5292                 }
5293
5294                 my $underscore_smp_barriers = qr{__smp_(?:$barrier_stems)}x;
5295
5296                 if ($realfile !~ m@^include/asm-generic/@ &&
5297                     $realfile !~ m@/barrier\.h$@ &&
5298                     $line =~ m/\b(?:$underscore_smp_barriers)\s*\(/ &&
5299                     $line !~ m/^.\s*\#\s*define\s+(?:$underscore_smp_barriers)\s*\(/) {
5300                         WARN("MEMORY_BARRIER",
5301                              "__smp memory barriers shouldn't be used outside barrier.h and asm-generic\n" . $herecurr);
5302                 }
5303
5304 # check for waitqueue_active without a comment.
5305                 if ($line =~ /\bwaitqueue_active\s*\(/) {
5306                         if (!ctx_has_comment($first_line, $linenr)) {
5307                                 WARN("WAITQUEUE_ACTIVE",
5308                                      "waitqueue_active without comment\n" . $herecurr);
5309                         }
5310                 }
5311
5312 # Check for expedited grace periods that interrupt non-idle non-nohz
5313 # online CPUs.  These expedited can therefore degrade real-time response
5314 # if used carelessly, and should be avoided where not absolutely
5315 # needed.  It is always OK to use synchronize_rcu_expedited() and
5316 # synchronize_sched_expedited() at boot time (before real-time applications
5317 # start) and in error situations where real-time response is compromised in
5318 # any case.  Note that synchronize_srcu_expedited() does -not- interrupt
5319 # other CPUs, so don't warn on uses of synchronize_srcu_expedited().
5320 # Of course, nothing comes for free, and srcu_read_lock() and
5321 # srcu_read_unlock() do contain full memory barriers in payment for
5322 # synchronize_srcu_expedited() non-interruption properties.
5323                 if ($line =~ /\b(synchronize_rcu_expedited|synchronize_sched_expedited)\(/) {
5324                         WARN("EXPEDITED_RCU_GRACE_PERIOD",
5325                              "expedited RCU grace periods should be avoided where they can degrade real-time response\n" . $herecurr);
5326
5327                 }
5328
5329 # check of hardware specific defines
5330                 if ($line =~ m@^.\s*\#\s*if.*\b(__i386__|__powerpc64__|__sun__|__s390x__)\b@ && $realfile !~ m@include/asm-@) {
5331                         CHK("ARCH_DEFINES",
5332                             "architecture specific defines should be avoided\n" .  $herecurr);
5333                 }
5334
5335 # Check that the storage class is at the beginning of a declaration
5336                 if ($line =~ /\b$Storage\b/ && $line !~ /^.\s*$Storage\b/) {
5337                         WARN("STORAGE_CLASS",
5338                              "storage class should be at the beginning of the declaration\n" . $herecurr)
5339                 }
5340
5341 # check the location of the inline attribute, that it is between
5342 # storage class and type.
5343                 if ($line =~ /\b$Type\s+$Inline\b/ ||
5344                     $line =~ /\b$Inline\s+$Storage\b/) {
5345                         ERROR("INLINE_LOCATION",
5346                               "inline keyword should sit between storage class and type\n" . $herecurr);
5347                 }
5348
5349 # Check for __inline__ and __inline, prefer inline
5350                 if ($realfile !~ m@\binclude/uapi/@ &&
5351                     $line =~ /\b(__inline__|__inline)\b/) {
5352                         if (WARN("INLINE",
5353                                  "plain inline is preferred over $1\n" . $herecurr) &&
5354                             $fix) {
5355                                 $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/\b(__inline__|__inline)\b/inline/;
5356
5357                         }
5358                 }
5359
5360 # Check for __attribute__ packed, prefer __packed
5361                 if ($realfile !~ m@\binclude/uapi/@ &&
5362                     $line =~ /\b__attribute__\s*\(\s*\(.*\bpacked\b/) {
5363                         WARN("PREFER_PACKED",
5364                              "__packed is preferred over __attribute__((packed))\n" . $herecurr);
5365                 }
5366
5367 # Check for __attribute__ aligned, prefer __aligned
5368                 if ($realfile !~ m@\binclude/uapi/@ &&
5369                     $line =~ /\b__attribute__\s*\(\s*\(.*aligned/) {
5370                         WARN("PREFER_ALIGNED",
5371                              "__aligned(size) is preferred over __attribute__((aligned(size)))\n" . $herecurr);
5372                 }
5373
5374 # Check for __attribute__ format(printf, prefer __printf
5375                 if ($realfile !~ m@\binclude/uapi/@ &&
5376                     $line =~ /\b__attribute__\s*\(\s*\(\s*format\s*\(\s*printf/) {
5377                         if (WARN("PREFER_PRINTF",
5378                                  "__printf(string-index, first-to-check) is preferred over __attribute__((format(printf, string-index, first-to-check)))\n" . $herecurr) &&
5379                             $fix) {
5380                                 $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/\b__attribute__\s*\(\s*\(\s*format\s*\(\s*printf\s*,\s*(.*)\)\s*\)\s*\)/"__printf(" . trim($1) . ")"/ex;
5381
5382                         }
5383                 }
5384
5385 # Check for __attribute__ format(scanf, prefer __scanf
5386                 if ($realfile !~ m@\binclude/uapi/@ &&
5387                     $line =~ /\b__attribute__\s*\(\s*\(\s*format\s*\(\s*scanf\b/) {
5388                         if (WARN("PREFER_SCANF",
5389                                  "__scanf(string-index, first-to-check) is preferred over __attribute__((format(scanf, string-index, first-to-check)))\n" . $herecurr) &&
5390                             $fix) {
5391                                 $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/\b__attribute__\s*\(\s*\(\s*format\s*\(\s*scanf\s*,\s*(.*)\)\s*\)\s*\)/"__scanf(" . trim($1) . ")"/ex;
5392                         }
5393                 }
5394
5395 # Check for __attribute__ weak, or __weak declarations (may have link issues)
5396                 if ($^V && $^V ge 5.10.0 &&
5397                     $line =~ /(?:$Declare|$DeclareMisordered)\s*$Ident\s*$balanced_parens\s*(?:$Attribute)?\s*;/ &&
5398                     ($line =~ /\b__attribute__\s*\(\s*\(.*\bweak\b/ ||
5399                      $line =~ /\b__weak\b/)) {
5400                         ERROR("WEAK_DECLARATION",
5401                               "Using weak declarations can have unintended link defects\n" . $herecurr);
5402                 }
5403
5404 # check for c99 types like uint8_t used outside of uapi/
5405                 if ($realfile !~ m@\binclude/uapi/@ &&
5406                     $line =~ /\b($Declare)\s*$Ident\s*[=;,\[]/) {
5407                         my $type = $1;
5408                         if ($type =~ /\b($typeC99Typedefs)\b/) {
5409                                 $type = $1;
5410                                 my $kernel_type = 'u';
5411                                 $kernel_type = 's' if ($type =~ /^_*[si]/);
5412                                 $type =~ /(\d+)/;
5413                                 $kernel_type .= $1;
5414                                 if (CHK("PREFER_KERNEL_TYPES",
5415                                         "Prefer kernel type '$kernel_type' over '$type'\n" . $herecurr) &&
5416                                     $fix) {
5417                                         $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/\b$type\b/$kernel_type/;
5418                                 }
5419                         }
5420                 }
5421
5422 # check for cast of C90 native int or longer types constants
5423                 if ($line =~ /(\(\s*$C90_int_types\s*\)\s*)($Constant)\b/) {
5424                         my $cast = $1;
5425                         my $const = $2;
5426                         if (WARN("TYPECAST_INT_CONSTANT",
5427                                  "Unnecessary typecast of c90 int constant\n" . $herecurr) &&
5428                             $fix) {
5429                                 my $suffix = "";
5430                                 my $newconst = $const;
5431                                 $newconst =~ s/${Int_type}$//;
5432                                 $suffix .= 'U' if ($cast =~ /\bunsigned\b/);
5433                                 if ($cast =~ /\blong\s+long\b/) {
5434                                         $suffix .= 'LL';
5435                                 } elsif ($cast =~ /\blong\b/) {
5436                                         $suffix .= 'L';
5437                                 }
5438                                 $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/\Q$cast\E$const\b/$newconst$suffix/;
5439                         }
5440                 }
5441
5442 # check for sizeof(&)
5443                 if ($line =~ /\bsizeof\s*\(\s*\&/) {
5444                         WARN("SIZEOF_ADDRESS",
5445                              "sizeof(& should be avoided\n" . $herecurr);
5446                 }
5447
5448 # check for sizeof without parenthesis
5449                 if ($line =~ /\bsizeof\s+((?:\*\s*|)$Lval|$Type(?:\s+$Lval|))/) {
5450                         if (WARN("SIZEOF_PARENTHESIS",
5451                                  "sizeof $1 should be sizeof($1)\n" . $herecurr) &&
5452                             $fix) {
5453                                 $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/\bsizeof\s+((?:\*\s*|)$Lval|$Type(?:\s+$Lval|))/"sizeof(" . trim($1) . ")"/ex;
5454                         }
5455                 }
5456
5457 # check for struct spinlock declarations
5458                 if ($line =~ /^.\s*\bstruct\s+spinlock\s+\w+\s*;/) {
5459                         WARN("USE_SPINLOCK_T",
5460                              "struct spinlock should be spinlock_t\n" . $herecurr);
5461                 }
5462
5463 # check for seq_printf uses that could be seq_puts
5464                 if ($sline =~ /\bseq_printf\s*\(.*"\s*\)\s*;\s*$/) {
5465                         my $fmt = get_quoted_string($line, $rawline);
5466                         $fmt =~ s/%%//g;
5467                         if ($fmt !~ /%/) {
5468                                 if (WARN("PREFER_SEQ_PUTS",
5469                                          "Prefer seq_puts to seq_printf\n" . $herecurr) &&
5470                                     $fix) {
5471                                         $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/\bseq_printf\b/seq_puts/;
5472                                 }
5473                         }
5474                 }
5475
5476 # Check for misused memsets
5477                 if ($^V && $^V ge 5.10.0 &&
5478                     defined $stat &&
5479                     $stat =~ /^\+(?:.*?)\bmemset\s*\(\s*$FuncArg\s*,\s*$FuncArg\s*\,\s*$FuncArg\s*\)/) {
5480
5481                         my $ms_addr = $2;
5482                         my $ms_val = $7;
5483                         my $ms_size = $12;
5484
5485                         if ($ms_size =~ /^(0x|)0$/i) {
5486                                 ERROR("MEMSET",
5487                                       "memset to 0's uses 0 as the 2nd argument, not the 3rd\n" . "$here\n$stat\n");
5488                         } elsif ($ms_size =~ /^(0x|)1$/i) {
5489                                 WARN("MEMSET",
5490                                      "single byte memset is suspicious. Swapped 2nd/3rd argument?\n" . "$here\n$stat\n");
5491                         }
5492                 }
5493
5494 # Check for memcpy(foo, bar, ETH_ALEN) that could be ether_addr_copy(foo, bar)
5495                 if ($^V && $^V ge 5.10.0 &&
5496                     defined $stat &&
5497                     $stat =~ /^\+(?:.*?)\bmemcpy\s*\(\s*$FuncArg\s*,\s*$FuncArg\s*\,\s*ETH_ALEN\s*\)/) {
5498                         if (WARN("PREFER_ETHER_ADDR_COPY",
5499                                  "Prefer ether_addr_copy() over memcpy() if the Ethernet addresses are __aligned(2)\n" . "$here\n$stat\n") &&
5500                             $fix) {
5501                                 $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/\bmemcpy\s*\(\s*$FuncArg\s*,\s*$FuncArg\s*\,\s*ETH_ALEN\s*\)/ether_addr_copy($2, $7)/;
5502                         }
5503                 }
5504
5505 # Check for memcmp(foo, bar, ETH_ALEN) that could be ether_addr_equal*(foo, bar)
5506                 if ($^V && $^V ge 5.10.0 &&
5507                     defined $stat &&
5508                     $stat =~ /^\+(?:.*?)\bmemcmp\s*\(\s*$FuncArg\s*,\s*$FuncArg\s*\,\s*ETH_ALEN\s*\)/) {
5509                         WARN("PREFER_ETHER_ADDR_EQUAL",
5510                              "Prefer ether_addr_equal() or ether_addr_equal_unaligned() over memcmp()\n" . "$here\n$stat\n")
5511                 }
5512
5513 # check for memset(foo, 0x0, ETH_ALEN) that could be eth_zero_addr
5514 # check for memset(foo, 0xFF, ETH_ALEN) that could be eth_broadcast_addr
5515                 if ($^V && $^V ge 5.10.0 &&
5516                     defined $stat &&
5517                     $stat =~ /^\+(?:.*?)\bmemset\s*\(\s*$FuncArg\s*,\s*$FuncArg\s*\,\s*ETH_ALEN\s*\)/) {
5518
5519                         my $ms_val = $7;
5520
5521                         if ($ms_val =~ /^(?:0x|)0+$/i) {
5522                                 if (WARN("PREFER_ETH_ZERO_ADDR",
5523                                          "Prefer eth_zero_addr over memset()\n" . "$here\n$stat\n") &&
5524                                     $fix) {
5525                                         $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/\bmemset\s*\(\s*$FuncArg\s*,\s*$FuncArg\s*,\s*ETH_ALEN\s*\)/eth_zero_addr($2)/;
5526                                 }
5527                         } elsif ($ms_val =~ /^(?:0xff|255)$/i) {
5528                                 if (WARN("PREFER_ETH_BROADCAST_ADDR",
5529                                          "Prefer eth_broadcast_addr() over memset()\n" . "$here\n$stat\n") &&
5530                                     $fix) {
5531                                         $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/\bmemset\s*\(\s*$FuncArg\s*,\s*$FuncArg\s*,\s*ETH_ALEN\s*\)/eth_broadcast_addr($2)/;
5532                                 }
5533                         }
5534                 }
5535
5536 # typecasts on min/max could be min_t/max_t
5537                 if ($^V && $^V ge 5.10.0 &&
5538                     defined $stat &&
5539                     $stat =~ /^\+(?:.*?)\b(min|max)\s*\(\s*$FuncArg\s*,\s*$FuncArg\s*\)/) {
5540                         if (defined $2 || defined $7) {
5541                                 my $call = $1;
5542                                 my $cast1 = deparenthesize($2);
5543                                 my $arg1 = $3;
5544                                 my $cast2 = deparenthesize($7);
5545                                 my $arg2 = $8;
5546                                 my $cast;
5547
5548                                 if ($cast1 ne "" && $cast2 ne "" && $cast1 ne $cast2) {
5549                                         $cast = "$cast1 or $cast2";
5550                                 } elsif ($cast1 ne "") {
5551                                         $cast = $cast1;
5552                                 } else {
5553                                         $cast = $cast2;
5554                                 }
5555                                 WARN("MINMAX",
5556                                      "$call() should probably be ${call}_t($cast, $arg1, $arg2)\n" . "$here\n$stat\n");
5557                         }
5558                 }
5559
5560 # check usleep_range arguments
5561                 if ($^V && $^V ge 5.10.0 &&
5562                     defined $stat &&
5563                     $stat =~ /^\+(?:.*?)\busleep_range\s*\(\s*($FuncArg)\s*,\s*($FuncArg)\s*\)/) {
5564                         my $min = $1;
5565                         my $max = $7;
5566                         if ($min eq $max) {
5567                                 WARN("USLEEP_RANGE",
5568                                      "usleep_range should not use min == max args; see Documentation/timers/timers-howto.txt\n" . "$here\n$stat\n");
5569                         } elsif ($min =~ /^\d+$/ && $max =~ /^\d+$/ &&
5570                                  $min > $max) {
5571                                 WARN("USLEEP_RANGE",
5572                                      "usleep_range args reversed, use min then max; see Documentation/timers/timers-howto.txt\n" . "$here\n$stat\n");
5573                         }
5574                 }
5575
5576 # check for naked sscanf
5577                 if ($^V && $^V ge 5.10.0 &&
5578                     defined $stat &&
5579                     $line =~ /\bsscanf\b/ &&
5580                     ($stat !~ /$Ident\s*=\s*sscanf\s*$balanced_parens/ &&
5581                      $stat !~ /\bsscanf\s*$balanced_parens\s*(?:$Compare)/ &&
5582                      $stat !~ /(?:$Compare)\s*\bsscanf\s*$balanced_parens/)) {
5583                         my $lc = $stat =~ tr@\n@@;
5584                         $lc = $lc + $linenr;
5585                         my $stat_real = raw_line($linenr, 0);
5586                         for (my $count = $linenr + 1; $count <= $lc; $count++) {
5587                                 $stat_real = $stat_real . "\n" . raw_line($count, 0);
5588                         }
5589                         WARN("NAKED_SSCANF",
5590                              "unchecked sscanf return value\n" . "$here\n$stat_real\n");
5591                 }
5592
5593 # check for simple sscanf that should be kstrto<foo>
5594                 if ($^V && $^V ge 5.10.0 &&
5595                     defined $stat &&
5596                     $line =~ /\bsscanf\b/) {
5597                         my $lc = $stat =~ tr@\n@@;
5598                         $lc = $lc + $linenr;
5599                         my $stat_real = raw_line($linenr, 0);
5600                         for (my $count = $linenr + 1; $count <= $lc; $count++) {
5601                                 $stat_real = $stat_real . "\n" . raw_line($count, 0);
5602                         }
5603                         if ($stat_real =~ /\bsscanf\b\s*\(\s*$FuncArg\s*,\s*("[^"]+")/) {
5604                                 my $format = $6;
5605                                 my $count = $format =~ tr@%@%@;
5606                                 if ($count == 1 &&
5607                                     $format =~ /^"\%(?i:ll[udxi]|[udxi]ll|ll|[hl]h?[udxi]|[udxi][hl]h?|[hl]h?|[udxi])"$/) {
5608                                         WARN("SSCANF_TO_KSTRTO",
5609                                              "Prefer kstrto<type> to single variable sscanf\n" . "$here\n$stat_real\n");
5610                                 }
5611                         }
5612                 }
5613
5614 # check for new externs in .h files.
5615                 if ($realfile =~ /\.h$/ &&
5616                     $line =~ /^\+\s*(extern\s+)$Type\s*$Ident\s*\(/s) {
5617                         if (CHK("AVOID_EXTERNS",
5618                                 "extern prototypes should be avoided in .h files\n" . $herecurr) &&
5619                             $fix) {
5620                                 $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/(.*)\bextern\b\s*(.*)/$1$2/;
5621                         }
5622                 }
5623
5624 # check for new externs in .c files.
5625                 if ($realfile =~ /\.c$/ && defined $stat &&
5626                     $stat =~ /^.\s*(?:extern\s+)?$Type\s+($Ident)(\s*)\(/s)
5627                 {
5628                         my $function_name = $1;
5629                         my $paren_space = $2;
5630
5631                         my $s = $stat;
5632                         if (defined $cond) {
5633                                 substr($s, 0, length($cond), '');
5634                         }
5635                         if ($s =~ /^\s*;/ &&
5636                             $function_name ne 'uninitialized_var')
5637                         {
5638                                 WARN("AVOID_EXTERNS",
5639                                      "externs should be avoided in .c files\n" .  $herecurr);
5640                         }
5641
5642                         if ($paren_space =~ /\n/) {
5643                                 WARN("FUNCTION_ARGUMENTS",
5644                                      "arguments for function declarations should follow identifier\n" . $herecurr);
5645                         }
5646
5647                 } elsif ($realfile =~ /\.c$/ && defined $stat &&
5648                     $stat =~ /^.\s*extern\s+/)
5649                 {
5650                         WARN("AVOID_EXTERNS",
5651                              "externs should be avoided in .c files\n" .  $herecurr);
5652                 }
5653
5654 # checks for new __setup's
5655                 if ($rawline =~ /\b__setup\("([^"]*)"/) {
5656                         my $name = $1;
5657
5658                         if (!grep(/$name/, @setup_docs)) {
5659                                 CHK("UNDOCUMENTED_SETUP",
5660                                     "__setup appears un-documented -- check Documentation/kernel-parameters.txt\n" . $herecurr);
5661                         }
5662                 }
5663
5664 # check for pointless casting of kmalloc return
5665                 if ($line =~ /\*\s*\)\s*[kv][czm]alloc(_node){0,1}\b/) {
5666                         WARN("UNNECESSARY_CASTS",
5667                              "unnecessary cast may hide bugs, see http://c-faq.com/malloc/mallocnocast.html\n" . $herecurr);
5668                 }
5669
5670 # alloc style
5671 # p = alloc(sizeof(struct foo), ...) should be p = alloc(sizeof(*p), ...)
5672                 if ($^V && $^V ge 5.10.0 &&
5673                     $line =~ /\b($Lval)\s*\=\s*(?:$balanced_parens)?\s*([kv][mz]alloc(?:_node)?)\s*\(\s*(sizeof\s*\(\s*struct\s+$Lval\s*\))/) {
5674                         CHK("ALLOC_SIZEOF_STRUCT",
5675                             "Prefer $3(sizeof(*$1)...) over $3($4...)\n" . $herecurr);
5676                 }
5677
5678 # check for k[mz]alloc with multiplies that could be kmalloc_array/kcalloc
5679                 if ($^V && $^V ge 5.10.0 &&
5680                     $line =~ /\b($Lval)\s*\=\s*(?:$balanced_parens)?\s*(k[mz]alloc)\s*\(\s*($FuncArg)\s*\*\s*($FuncArg)\s*,/) {
5681                         my $oldfunc = $3;
5682                         my $a1 = $4;
5683                         my $a2 = $10;
5684                         my $newfunc = "kmalloc_array";
5685                         $newfunc = "kcalloc" if ($oldfunc eq "kzalloc");
5686                         my $r1 = $a1;
5687                         my $r2 = $a2;
5688                         if ($a1 =~ /^sizeof\s*\S/) {
5689                                 $r1 = $a2;
5690                                 $r2 = $a1;
5691                         }
5692                         if ($r1 !~ /^sizeof\b/ && $r2 =~ /^sizeof\s*\S/ &&
5693                             !($r1 =~ /^$Constant$/ || $r1 =~ /^[A-Z_][A-Z0-9_]*$/)) {
5694                                 if (WARN("ALLOC_WITH_MULTIPLY",
5695                                          "Prefer $newfunc over $oldfunc with multiply\n" . $herecurr) &&
5696                                     $fix) {
5697                                         $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/\b($Lval)\s*\=\s*(?:$balanced_parens)?\s*(k[mz]alloc)\s*\(\s*($FuncArg)\s*\*\s*($FuncArg)/$1 . ' = ' . "$newfunc(" . trim($r1) . ', ' . trim($r2)/e;
5698
5699                                 }
5700                         }
5701                 }
5702
5703 # check for krealloc arg reuse
5704                 if ($^V && $^V ge 5.10.0 &&
5705                     $line =~ /\b($Lval)\s*\=\s*(?:$balanced_parens)?\s*krealloc\s*\(\s*\1\s*,/) {
5706                         WARN("KREALLOC_ARG_REUSE",
5707                              "Reusing the krealloc arg is almost always a bug\n" . $herecurr);
5708                 }
5709
5710 # check for alloc argument mismatch
5711                 if ($line =~ /\b(kcalloc|kmalloc_array)\s*\(\s*sizeof\b/) {
5712                         WARN("ALLOC_ARRAY_ARGS",
5713                              "$1 uses number as first arg, sizeof is generally wrong\n" . $herecurr);
5714                 }
5715
5716 # check for multiple semicolons
5717                 if ($line =~ /;\s*;\s*$/) {
5718                         if (WARN("ONE_SEMICOLON",
5719                                  "Statements terminations use 1 semicolon\n" . $herecurr) &&
5720                             $fix) {
5721                                 $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/(\s*;\s*){2,}$/;/g;
5722                         }
5723                 }
5724
5725 # check for #defines like: 1 << <digit> that could be BIT(digit)
5726                 if ($line =~ /#\s*define\s+\w+\s+\(?\s*1\s*([ulUL]*)\s*\<\<\s*(?:\d+|$Ident)\s*\)?/) {
5727                         my $ull = "";
5728                         $ull = "_ULL" if (defined($1) && $1 =~ /ll/i);
5729                         if (CHK("BIT_MACRO",
5730                                 "Prefer using the BIT$ull macro\n" . $herecurr) &&
5731                             $fix) {
5732                                 $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/\(?\s*1\s*[ulUL]*\s*<<\s*(\d+|$Ident)\s*\)?/BIT${ull}($1)/;
5733                         }
5734                 }
5735
5736 # check for #if defined CONFIG_<FOO> || defined CONFIG_<FOO>_MODULE
5737                 if ($line =~ /^\+\s*#\s*if\s+defined(?:\s*\(?\s*|\s+)(CONFIG_[A-Z_]+)\s*\)?\s*\|\|\s*defined(?:\s*\(?\s*|\s+)\1_MODULE\s*\)?\s*$/) {
5738                         my $config = $1;
5739                         if (WARN("PREFER_IS_ENABLED",
5740                                  "Prefer IS_ENABLED(<FOO>) to CONFIG_<FOO> || CONFIG_<FOO>_MODULE\n" . $herecurr) &&
5741                             $fix) {
5742                                 $fixed[$fixlinenr] = "\+#if IS_ENABLED($config)";
5743                         }
5744                 }
5745
5746 # check for case / default statements not preceded by break/fallthrough/switch
5747                 if ($line =~ /^.\s*(?:case\s+(?:$Ident|$Constant)\s*|default):/) {
5748                         my $has_break = 0;
5749                         my $has_statement = 0;
5750                         my $count = 0;
5751                         my $prevline = $linenr;
5752                         while ($prevline > 1 && ($file || $count < 3) && !$has_break) {
5753                                 $prevline--;
5754                                 my $rline = $rawlines[$prevline - 1];
5755                                 my $fline = $lines[$prevline - 1];
5756                                 last if ($fline =~ /^\@\@/);
5757                                 next if ($fline =~ /^\-/);
5758                                 next if ($fline =~ /^.(?:\s*(?:case\s+(?:$Ident|$Constant)[\s$;]*|default):[\s$;]*)*$/);
5759                                 $has_break = 1 if ($rline =~ /fall[\s_-]*(through|thru)/i);
5760                                 next if ($fline =~ /^.[\s$;]*$/);
5761                                 $has_statement = 1;
5762                                 $count++;
5763                                 $has_break = 1 if ($fline =~ /\bswitch\b|\b(?:break\s*;[\s$;]*$|return\b|goto\b|continue\b)/);
5764                         }
5765                         if (!$has_break && $has_statement) {
5766                                 WARN("MISSING_BREAK",
5767                                      "Possible switch case/default not preceeded by break or fallthrough comment\n" . $herecurr);
5768                         }
5769                 }
5770
5771 # check for switch/default statements without a break;
5772                 if ($^V && $^V ge 5.10.0 &&
5773                     defined $stat &&
5774                     $stat =~ /^\+[$;\s]*(?:case[$;\s]+\w+[$;\s]*:[$;\s]*|)*[$;\s]*\bdefault[$;\s]*:[$;\s]*;/g) {
5775                         my $ctx = '';
5776                         my $herectx = $here . "\n";
5777                         my $cnt = statement_rawlines($stat);
5778                         for (my $n = 0; $n < $cnt; $n++) {
5779                                 $herectx .= raw_line($linenr, $n) . "\n";
5780                         }
5781                         WARN("DEFAULT_NO_BREAK",
5782                              "switch default: should use break\n" . $herectx);
5783                 }
5784
5785 # check for gcc specific __FUNCTION__
5786                 if ($line =~ /\b__FUNCTION__\b/) {
5787                         if (WARN("USE_FUNC",
5788                                  "__func__ should be used instead of gcc specific __FUNCTION__\n"  . $herecurr) &&
5789                             $fix) {
5790                                 $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/\b__FUNCTION__\b/__func__/g;
5791                         }
5792                 }
5793
5794 # check for uses of __DATE__, __TIME__, __TIMESTAMP__
5795                 while ($line =~ /\b(__(?:DATE|TIME|TIMESTAMP)__)\b/g) {
5796                         ERROR("DATE_TIME",
5797                               "Use of the '$1' macro makes the build non-deterministic\n" . $herecurr);
5798                 }
5799
5800 # check for use of yield()
5801                 if ($line =~ /\byield\s*\(\s*\)/) {
5802                         WARN("YIELD",
5803                              "Using yield() is generally wrong. See yield() kernel-doc (sched/core.c)\n"  . $herecurr);
5804                 }
5805
5806 # check for comparisons against true and false
5807                 if ($line =~ /\+\s*(.*?)\b(true|false|$Lval)\s*(==|\!=)\s*(true|false|$Lval)\b(.*)$/i) {
5808                         my $lead = $1;
5809                         my $arg = $2;
5810                         my $test = $3;
5811                         my $otype = $4;
5812                         my $trail = $5;
5813                         my $op = "!";
5814
5815                         ($arg, $otype) = ($otype, $arg) if ($arg =~ /^(?:true|false)$/i);
5816
5817                         my $type = lc($otype);
5818                         if ($type =~ /^(?:true|false)$/) {
5819                                 if (("$test" eq "==" && "$type" eq "true") ||
5820                                     ("$test" eq "!=" && "$type" eq "false")) {
5821                                         $op = "";
5822                                 }
5823
5824                                 CHK("BOOL_COMPARISON",
5825                                     "Using comparison to $otype is error prone\n" . $herecurr);
5826
5827 ## maybe suggesting a correct construct would better
5828 ##                                  "Using comparison to $otype is error prone.  Perhaps use '${lead}${op}${arg}${trail}'\n" . $herecurr);
5829
5830                         }
5831                 }
5832
5833 # check for semaphores initialized locked
5834                 if ($line =~ /^.\s*sema_init.+,\W?0\W?\)/) {
5835                         WARN("CONSIDER_COMPLETION",
5836                              "consider using a completion\n" . $herecurr);
5837                 }
5838
5839 # recommend kstrto* over simple_strto* and strict_strto*
5840                 if ($line =~ /\b((simple|strict)_(strto(l|ll|ul|ull)))\s*\(/) {
5841                         WARN("CONSIDER_KSTRTO",
5842                              "$1 is obsolete, use k$3 instead\n" . $herecurr);
5843                 }
5844
5845 # check for __initcall(), use device_initcall() explicitly or more appropriate function please
5846                 if ($line =~ /^.\s*__initcall\s*\(/) {
5847                         WARN("USE_DEVICE_INITCALL",
5848                              "please use device_initcall() or more appropriate function instead of __initcall() (see include/linux/init.h)\n" . $herecurr);
5849                 }
5850
5851 # check for various structs that are normally const (ops, kgdb, device_tree)
5852                 my $const_structs = qr{
5853                                 acpi_dock_ops|
5854                                 address_space_operations|
5855                                 backlight_ops|
5856                                 block_device_operations|
5857                                 dentry_operations|
5858                                 dev_pm_ops|
5859                                 dma_map_ops|
5860                                 extent_io_ops|
5861                                 file_lock_operations|
5862                                 file_operations|
5863                                 hv_ops|
5864                                 ide_dma_ops|
5865                                 intel_dvo_dev_ops|
5866                                 item_operations|
5867                                 iwl_ops|
5868                                 kgdb_arch|
5869                                 kgdb_io|
5870                                 kset_uevent_ops|
5871                                 lock_manager_operations|
5872                                 microcode_ops|
5873                                 mtrr_ops|
5874                                 neigh_ops|
5875                                 nlmsvc_binding|
5876                                 of_device_id|
5877                                 pci_raw_ops|
5878                                 pipe_buf_operations|
5879                                 platform_hibernation_ops|
5880                                 platform_suspend_ops|
5881                                 proto_ops|
5882                                 rpc_pipe_ops|
5883                                 seq_operations|
5884                                 snd_ac97_build_ops|
5885                                 soc_pcmcia_socket_ops|
5886                                 stacktrace_ops|
5887                                 sysfs_ops|
5888                                 tty_operations|
5889                                 uart_ops|
5890                                 usb_mon_operations|
5891                                 wd_ops}x;
5892                 if ($line !~ /\bconst\b/ &&
5893                     $line =~ /\bstruct\s+($const_structs)\b/) {
5894                         WARN("CONST_STRUCT",
5895                              "struct $1 should normally be const\n" .
5896                                 $herecurr);
5897                 }
5898
5899 # use of NR_CPUS is usually wrong
5900 # ignore definitions of NR_CPUS and usage to define arrays as likely right
5901                 if ($line =~ /\bNR_CPUS\b/ &&
5902                     $line !~ /^.\s*\s*#\s*if\b.*\bNR_CPUS\b/ &&
5903                     $line !~ /^.\s*\s*#\s*define\b.*\bNR_CPUS\b/ &&
5904                     $line !~ /^.\s*$Declare\s.*\[[^\]]*NR_CPUS[^\]]*\]/ &&
5905                     $line !~ /\[[^\]]*\.\.\.[^\]]*NR_CPUS[^\]]*\]/ &&
5906                     $line !~ /\[[^\]]*NR_CPUS[^\]]*\.\.\.[^\]]*\]/)
5907                 {
5908                         WARN("NR_CPUS",
5909                              "usage of NR_CPUS is often wrong - consider using cpu_possible(), num_possible_cpus(), for_each_possible_cpu(), etc\n" . $herecurr);
5910                 }
5911
5912 # Use of __ARCH_HAS_<FOO> or ARCH_HAVE_<BAR> is wrong.
5913                 if ($line =~ /\+\s*#\s*define\s+((?:__)?ARCH_(?:HAS|HAVE)\w*)\b/) {
5914                         ERROR("DEFINE_ARCH_HAS",
5915                               "#define of '$1' is wrong - use Kconfig variables or standard guards instead\n" . $herecurr);
5916                 }
5917
5918 # likely/unlikely comparisons similar to "(likely(foo) > 0)"
5919                 if ($^V && $^V ge 5.10.0 &&
5920                     $line =~ /\b((?:un)?likely)\s*\(\s*$FuncArg\s*\)\s*$Compare/) {
5921                         WARN("LIKELY_MISUSE",
5922                              "Using $1 should generally have parentheses around the comparison\n" . $herecurr);
5923                 }
5924
5925 # whine mightly about in_atomic
5926                 if ($line =~ /\bin_atomic\s*\(/) {
5927                         if ($realfile =~ m@^drivers/@) {
5928                                 ERROR("IN_ATOMIC",
5929                                       "do not use in_atomic in drivers\n" . $herecurr);
5930                         } elsif ($realfile !~ m@^kernel/@) {
5931                                 WARN("IN_ATOMIC",
5932                                      "use of in_atomic() is incorrect outside core kernel code\n" . $herecurr);
5933                         }
5934                 }
5935
5936 # whine about ACCESS_ONCE
5937                 if ($^V && $^V ge 5.10.0 &&
5938                     $line =~ /\bACCESS_ONCE\s*$balanced_parens\s*(=(?!=))?\s*($FuncArg)?/) {
5939                         my $par = $1;
5940                         my $eq = $2;
5941                         my $fun = $3;
5942                         $par =~ s/^\(\s*(.*)\s*\)$/$1/;
5943                         if (defined($eq)) {
5944                                 if (WARN("PREFER_WRITE_ONCE",
5945                                          "Prefer WRITE_ONCE(<FOO>, <BAR>) over ACCESS_ONCE(<FOO>) = <BAR>\n" . $herecurr) &&
5946                                     $fix) {
5947                                         $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/\bACCESS_ONCE\s*\(\s*\Q$par\E\s*\)\s*$eq\s*\Q$fun\E/WRITE_ONCE($par, $fun)/;
5948                                 }
5949                         } else {
5950                                 if (WARN("PREFER_READ_ONCE",
5951                                          "Prefer READ_ONCE(<FOO>) over ACCESS_ONCE(<FOO>)\n" . $herecurr) &&
5952                                     $fix) {
5953                                         $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/\bACCESS_ONCE\s*\(\s*\Q$par\E\s*\)/READ_ONCE($par)/;
5954                                 }
5955                         }
5956                 }
5957
5958 # check for lockdep_set_novalidate_class
5959                 if ($line =~ /^.\s*lockdep_set_novalidate_class\s*\(/ ||
5960                     $line =~ /__lockdep_no_validate__\s*\)/ ) {
5961                         if ($realfile !~ m@^kernel/lockdep@ &&
5962                             $realfile !~ m@^include/linux/lockdep@ &&
5963                             $realfile !~ m@^drivers/base/core@) {
5964                                 ERROR("LOCKDEP",
5965                                       "lockdep_no_validate class is reserved for device->mutex.\n" . $herecurr);
5966                         }
5967                 }
5968
5969                 if ($line =~ /debugfs_create_\w+.*\b$mode_perms_world_writable\b/ ||
5970                     $line =~ /DEVICE_ATTR.*\b$mode_perms_world_writable\b/) {
5971                         WARN("EXPORTED_WORLD_WRITABLE",
5972                              "Exporting world writable files is usually an error. Consider more restrictive permissions.\n" . $herecurr);
5973                 }
5974
5975 # Mode permission misuses where it seems decimal should be octal
5976 # This uses a shortcut match to avoid unnecessary uses of a slow foreach loop
5977                 if ($^V && $^V ge 5.10.0 &&
5978                     $line =~ /$mode_perms_search/) {
5979                         foreach my $entry (@mode_permission_funcs) {
5980                                 my $func = $entry->[0];
5981                                 my $arg_pos = $entry->[1];
5982
5983                                 my $skip_args = "";
5984                                 if ($arg_pos > 1) {
5985                                         $arg_pos--;
5986                                         $skip_args = "(?:\\s*$FuncArg\\s*,\\s*){$arg_pos,$arg_pos}";
5987                                 }
5988                                 my $test = "\\b$func\\s*\\(${skip_args}([\\d]+)\\s*[,\\)]";
5989                                 if ($line =~ /$test/) {
5990                                         my $val = $1;
5991                                         $val = $6 if ($skip_args ne "");
5992
5993                                         if ($val !~ /^0$/ &&
5994                                             (($val =~ /^$Int$/ && $val !~ /^$Octal$/) ||
5995                                              length($val) ne 4)) {
5996                                                 ERROR("NON_OCTAL_PERMISSIONS",
5997                                                       "Use 4 digit octal (0777) not decimal permissions\n" . $herecurr);
5998                                         } elsif ($val =~ /^$Octal$/ && (oct($val) & 02)) {
5999                                                 ERROR("EXPORTED_WORLD_WRITABLE",
6000                                                       "Exporting writable files is usually an error. Consider more restrictive permissions.\n" . $herecurr);
6001                                         }
6002                                 }
6003                         }
6004                 }
6005
6006 # validate content of MODULE_LICENSE against list from include/linux/module.h
6007                 if ($line =~ /\bMODULE_LICENSE\s*\(\s*($String)\s*\)/) {
6008                         my $extracted_string = get_quoted_string($line, $rawline);
6009                         my $valid_licenses = qr{
6010                                                 GPL|
6011                                                 GPL\ v2|
6012                                                 GPL\ and\ additional\ rights|
6013                                                 Dual\ BSD/GPL|
6014                                                 Dual\ MIT/GPL|
6015                                                 Dual\ MPL/GPL|
6016                                                 Proprietary
6017                                         }x;
6018                         if ($extracted_string !~ /^"(?:$valid_licenses)"$/x) {
6019                                 WARN("MODULE_LICENSE",
6020                                      "unknown module license " . $extracted_string . "\n" . $herecurr);
6021                         }
6022                 }
6023         }
6024
6025         # If we have no input at all, then there is nothing to report on
6026         # so just keep quiet.
6027         if ($#rawlines == -1) {
6028                 exit(0);
6029         }
6030
6031         # In mailback mode only produce a report in the negative, for
6032         # things that appear to be patches.
6033         if ($mailback && ($clean == 1 || !$is_patch)) {
6034                 exit(0);
6035         }
6036
6037         # This is not a patch, and we are are in 'no-patch' mode so
6038         # just keep quiet.
6039         if (!$chk_patch && !$is_patch) {
6040                 exit(0);
6041         }
6042
6043         if (!$is_patch && $file !~ /cover-letter\.patch$/) {
6044                 ERROR("NOT_UNIFIED_DIFF",
6045                       "Does not appear to be a unified-diff format patch\n");
6046         }
6047         if ($is_patch && $filename ne '-' && $chk_signoff && $signoff == 0) {
6048                 ERROR("MISSING_SIGN_OFF",
6049                       "Missing Signed-off-by: line(s)\n");
6050         }
6051
6052         print report_dump();
6053         if ($summary && !($clean == 1 && $quiet == 1)) {
6054                 print "$filename " if ($summary_file);
6055                 print "total: $cnt_error errors, $cnt_warn warnings, " .
6056                         (($check)? "$cnt_chk checks, " : "") .
6057                         "$cnt_lines lines checked\n";
6058         }
6059
6060         if ($quiet == 0) {
6061                 # If there were any defects found and not already fixing them
6062                 if (!$clean and !$fix) {
6063                         print << "EOM"
6064
6065 NOTE: For some of the reported defects, checkpatch may be able to
6066       mechanically convert to the typical style using --fix or --fix-inplace.
6067 EOM
6068                 }
6069                 # If there were whitespace errors which cleanpatch can fix
6070                 # then suggest that.
6071                 if ($rpt_cleaners) {
6072                         $rpt_cleaners = 0;
6073                         print << "EOM"
6074
6075 NOTE: Whitespace errors detected.
6076       You may wish to use scripts/cleanpatch or scripts/cleanfile
6077 EOM
6078                 }
6079         }
6080
6081         if ($clean == 0 && $fix &&
6082             ("@rawlines" ne "@fixed" ||
6083              $#fixed_inserted >= 0 || $#fixed_deleted >= 0)) {
6084                 my $newfile = $filename;
6085                 $newfile .= ".EXPERIMENTAL-checkpatch-fixes" if (!$fix_inplace);
6086                 my $linecount = 0;
6087                 my $f;
6088
6089                 @fixed = fix_inserted_deleted_lines(\@fixed, \@fixed_inserted, \@fixed_deleted);
6090
6091                 open($f, '>', $newfile)
6092                     or die "$P: Can't open $newfile for write\n";
6093                 foreach my $fixed_line (@fixed) {
6094                         $linecount++;
6095                         if ($file) {
6096                                 if ($linecount > 3) {
6097                                         $fixed_line =~ s/^\+//;
6098                                         print $f $fixed_line . "\n";
6099                                 }
6100                         } else {
6101                                 print $f $fixed_line . "\n";
6102                         }
6103                 }
6104                 close($f);
6105
6106                 if (!$quiet) {
6107                         print << "EOM";
6108
6109 Wrote EXPERIMENTAL --fix correction(s) to '$newfile'
6110
6111 Do _NOT_ trust the results written to this file.
6112 Do _NOT_ submit these changes without inspecting them for correctness.
6113
6114 This EXPERIMENTAL file is simply a convenience to help rewrite patches.
6115 No warranties, expressed or implied...
6116 EOM
6117                 }
6118         }
6119
6120         if ($quiet == 0) {
6121                 print "\n";
6122                 if ($clean == 1) {
6123                         print "$vname has no obvious style problems and is ready for submission.\n";
6124                 } else {
6125                         print "$vname has style problems, please review.\n";
6126                 }
6127         }
6128         return $clean;
6129 }